Rawhide 20000103
what are these "ZeroDivisionError: float division" errors that have been happening in the rawhide installs lately? this one occurs when it tries to install binutils. has anyone been able to install rawhide lately? -- Steve Dixon Dpn, Incorporated System Administrator Phone - 702.873.3282 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Rawhide 20000103
Steve Dixon ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) said: what are these "ZeroDivisionError: float division" errors that have been happening in the rawhide installs lately? this one occurs when it tries to install binutils. has anyone been able to install rawhide lately? Using the installer with rawhide at the moment very likely will not work. So much so that I don't think anyone has tested it. You're better off installing the packages manually, or with up2date, or... Bill -- To unsubscribe: mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Rawhide 20000103
argh. Bill Nottingham wrote: Steve Dixon ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) said: what are these "ZeroDivisionError: float division" errors that have been happening in the rawhide installs lately? this one occurs when it tries to install binutils. has anyone been able to install rawhide lately? Using the installer with rawhide at the moment very likely will not work. So much so that I don't think anyone has tested it. You're better off installing the packages manually, or with up2date, or... Bill -- To unsubscribe: mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null -- Steve Dixon Dpn, Incorporated System Administrator Phone - 702.873.3282 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: [netbug 79] Re: NetKit's future? (OpenBSD ports)
Well, quite simply, the latest version of NetKit that was available when developing our latest release (Red Hat Linux 6.1) was NetKit 0.10. We did some work to port the OpenBSD tools over during development for 6.0, but that's been abandoned. My long-term plans are to hand netkit over to Red Hat for their delectation in a few months, after whatever maintenance issues exposed by the 0.16 release are straightened out (probably with an 0.17 release.) Also, 0.16's barely been out a month, and it's been a month that's contained both the winter holidays and Y2K. Everyone relax. :-) (Although, an update RPM for talk would be nice to see - people are going to like the scrolling support.) -- David A. Holland [EMAIL PROTECTED] NetKit Maintenance [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Please Cc: netbug on followups related to netkit issues, and preserve the Subject: tag added by the ticket system.) -- To unsubscribe: mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Adaptec ava-2906kit pci scsi controller?
Charles Galpin wrote: Is this supported? I don't see it listed ont he hardware compatability howto. If not, can anyone suggest a nice (cheap) linux supported SCSI card to drive a tape backup from. thanks charles -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. I have an AVA 2904 card. You may need kernel version 2.2.12 or greater. In the SCSI low-level drivers you need to add support for the AIC7xxx chipset. That worked for me. Try checking the Linux Hardware Database to make sure. Harold -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Masquerading FTP - SOLVED
On Tue, Jan 04, 2000 at 11:09:42AM -0600, Steve Borho wrote: loadable kernel modules seem to be a requirement for ip masq. This may change with the new 2.4 kernel, but I doubt it will boot any faster on your 386 :^) Ok, of course you were right. I should've taken the IP Masquerading HOWTO a bit more literal (the modules thing *is* mentioned...). Anyway, I recompiled the kernel yesterday: I basically took the monolithic kernel I had (i.e. all hardware specific drivers (especially NIC) compiled in) and just added module support but no kerneld module support (i.e. modules donb't get loaded automatically). The only modules built were the ones I need for masquerading, which get iserted explicitly in rc.local. To my great joy, the penalty on boot-up was negligible - I reckon that's because there's no module dependencies to speak of and no modules.conf file. Thanks for the response, Thomas -- "Look, Ma, no obsolete quotes and plain text only!" Thomas Ribbrock | http://www.bigfoot.com/~kaytan | ICQ#: 15839919 "You have to live on the edge of reality - to make your dreams come true!" -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re[2]: DNS Service Request
Hello Greg, Monday, January 03, 2000, 8:19:51 PM, you wrote: GW That's too bad Perry..I do a similar thing here for years, and have GW thought mant times of closing as there is no money in it unless you have GW mucho buckaleros to throw around.. GW There are multiple service providers here that do it Free ... , lets see, GW even with no staff, 1gig of traffic @19c / MB wholesale = ... well you get GW the picture GW http://soa.granitecanyon.com/ GW *** REPLY SEPARATOR *** GW On 3/01/00 at 13:52 Perry Blalock wrote: Hello, After 5 years of operation, I am about to shutdown my ISP biz, I just can't do it alone any longer. I haven't offered it up for sale to anyone, but if interested drop me a line at [EMAIL PROTECTED] - I'm closing down the last connection on 28 February 00. The real purpose of this post is that I still need some DNS service after I shutdown my own name servers. I do recall seeing a service on this mailing list, some time ago, that offers this service. If you know of any service that offers DNS, could you please let me know. Thanks, that's what I needed. Best regards, Perrymailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re[2]: DNS Service Request
Hello Jamie, Monday, January 03, 2000, 8:23:14 PM, you wrote: JC Were you enquiring about a service that just hosts a domain name? JC If so, then you have to choices.. In both cases you must have the JC domain name re-delegated to the DNS service provider. JC There is a service out there called dynamic DNS, which means when JC a computer logs onto the internet it sends it's current IP (which JC changes) to the server and the domain name then points to that IP. JC If that's what u want then look at http://www.dyndns.org or better JC still http://www.justlinux.com. JC If you are after a service that will actually host your website AND JC domain for free (with advertising) or at a small cost (to lose the JC ads) then check out http://www.freeservers.com JC Hope this helps. JC Jamie Carl JC [EMAIL PROTECTED] JC Technical Consultant JC Pearson Computer Systems Pty. Ltd. JC -Original Message- JC From: Greg W [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] JC Sent: Tuesday, 4 January 2000 3:20 PM JC To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] JC Subject: Re: DNS Service Request JC That's too bad Perry..I do a similar thing here for years, and have JC thought mant times of closing as there is no money in it unless you have JC mucho buckaleros to throw around.. JC There are multiple service providers here that do it Free ... , lets JC see, JC even with no staff, 1gig of traffic @19c / MB wholesale = ... well you JC get JC the picture JC http://soa.granitecanyon.com/ JC *** REPLY SEPARATOR *** JC On 3/01/00 at 13:52 Perry Blalock wrote: Hello, After 5 years of operation, I am about to shutdown my ISP biz, I just can't do it alone any longer. I haven't offered it up for sale to anyone, but if interested drop me a line at [EMAIL PROTECTED] - I'm closing down the last connection on 28 February 00. The real purpose of this post is that I still need some DNS service after I shutdown my own name servers. I do recall seeing a service on this mailing list, some time ago, that offers this service. If you know of any service that offers DNS, could you please let me know. Perfect, thanks for the info. Best regards, Perrymailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re[2]: DNS Service Request
Hello JD, Tuesday, January 04, 2000, 9:13:46 AM, you wrote: J Quoting Perry Blalock ([EMAIL PROTECTED]): After 5 years of operation, I am about to shutdown my ISP biz, I just can't do it alone any longer. I haven't offered it up for sale to anyone, but if interested drop me a line at [EMAIL PROTECTED] - I'm closing down the last connection on 28 February 00. The real purpose of this post is that I still need some DNS service after I shutdown my own name servers. I do recall seeing a service on this mailing list, some time ago, that offers this service. If you know of any service that offers DNS, could you please let me know. J If you just need DNS, then I have had good luck with DNS Wiz: J http://www.dnswiz.com/ J It's not free, but reasonable. I have two domains controlled from there. J HTH, J jdk Thanks, that is very cool too. Best regards, Perrymailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
scsi host emulation
Hi, (RH6.0 Kernel 2.2.5-15) Santa brought me a Ricoh 7060A ATAPI CD-RW for Christmas :-) It worked straight away as a CD-ROM device using the ide-cd module as device /dev/hdc, but I'd like to use cdrecord and so I'm setting it up to be driven by ide-scsi. cdrecord now sees the drive as the second device on scsibus0 and I can mount the device at /dev/scd0 to access CD-ROMs. Two questions though: 1) I have to manually load ide-scsi (modprobe ide-scsi). How can I make this happen on demand or at startup? 2) An unexpected (by me :) side effect is that my ATAPI ZIP drive (was /dev/hdd) is now seen by cdrecord as the first device on scsibus0. I can't mount /dev/hdd4 anymore, but I'm happy to switch to a scsi device if that will work. What device should I be trying to mount? Do I need any other driver modules loaded and do I need to tell any driver to ignore hdd? Thanks, Nick. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: Software RAID
GWI was under the impression that 6.0 supports RAID as well ... GW Maybe it does... I didn't try it then but... I never saw an install time option for it with 6.0 and there is with 6.1. To clarify briefly. Linux kernels as-of version 2.1.something support software RAID, if you say yes to the apropriate software RAID related options when you compile the kernel (afaik this is configured in Redhat stock kernels already) and install the raidtools package, so _Linux_ 2.2 supports software RAID. Redhat 6.0 and 6.1 can both use kernel 2.2.12 and the latest raidtools package, thus both support software RAID. The destinction is that the Anaconda installation system in 6.1 has the option to configure RAID at install time, whereas the 6.0 installer doesn't. The proceedure for creating a RAID array after installation is the same, create your apropriate partitions with the system id "fd" for raid autodetect. Create your /etc/raidtab file to define your md device(s), use mkraid to create the md device(s), use mke2fs to make a filesystem on it/them, then use it/them as a filesystem. Ta Da! I've had great results with root as a normal filesystem, /var as a RAID-0 array and /home as a RAID-1 array. If you feel that you must have a RAID device mounted as root, read the root-raid howto (recalling that it's somewhat dated). The jist of it is that you must create a small normal partition to mount as /boot because you cannot boot a kernel from a RAID array. Afaik with raid autodetect in kernel 2.2.12 (and possibly earlier) it should be as simple as: 1. Compile all the RAID related stuff directly into your kernel (no modules) 2. Create your /boot filesystem and put the apropriate data into it (your kernel). 3. Create the RAID device you want to use as root and mount it to some mountpoint 4. Boot in single-user mode and copy the contents of your root partition into the RAID device. 5. Alter your lilo.conf to indicate the new root device (don't change it's install location, just the root parameter it feeds to the kernel) 6. Run lilo and reboot. RTFM section: See the Software-RAID mini-howto and the Root-RAID-HOWTO for more detailed but probably less up-to-date information. Also see raidtab(5) and related man pages if you have raidtools installed. -- "I've always wanted to be somebody. Next time I'll be more specific." -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Increase RAID
Brian wrote: On Mon, 3 Jan 2000, Cokey de Percin wrote: Brian wrote: no On Sun, 2 Jan 2000, Kevin Diffily wrote: I have a current RAID Array (Level 0) that I would like to increase in size. Is it possible to add another disk non destructively or will I need to rebuild the array and restore the data? H... Not necessarily true. There isn't enough info to give a good answer. If this is software raid, then probably not. If this is hardware raid then maybe. There's two parts to this: 1) can a device be added to the raid group and the raid group extended across it. a) for software raid, if you're using LVM (Logical Volume Manager) then yes you can add a device, if not then no. LVM? clue me in, what is lvm and how does it work with raidtools? LVM stands for Logical Volume Manager as HPUX and AIX have. The current version for Linux (AFAIK) works like the HPUX varient. What this does, in software,is to allow groups of physical devices to be viewed as one logical devicemuch like linear mode under raid tools except it allows the addition of devices and storage groups. I believe that in some implementations it is possible to run some types of software raid on top of it. Some LVMs have file system extension features also. b) for hardware raid, depends on the manufacturer. My Mylex Acceleraid allows additional devices added after the raid group is built. Other Manuf. do also. yes, DPT, Mylex, etc. But do they have it with support for linux. For example, the Mylex Xtreme RAID 1100, yes you can, in the bios, add a drive to an existing RAID. But how does the operating system handle the geometry of the disk changing like that, how does it deal with it? We have xtremeraid 1100 controllers and DPT SmartRaid V controllers, but have you actually expanded a raid and gotten it to work under linux? See my other comment. You need a tool, such as ext2resize (see freshmeat or www.dsv.nl/~buytenh/ext2resize), to expand the file system. This is just one of two or three such tools that currently exists. 2) is there a way to extend the file system a) there is a utility called ext2extend (I think that's the name) thatallows a file system to be expanded or contracted. Note that it's beta (alpha?) but seems to work. See Freshmeat for the current rev 1.06. I seem to remember another, but cann't remember the name right now. This may not do you any good in this instance, but you might consider some of the possiblities these present in your future planning. -- -- Cokey de Percin, DBAEmail: Policy Management Systems Corp. Work - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Columbia, South Carolina Home - [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
making boot disk on LS120 (with normal floppy) -warning its not as simple as it sounds!
I've recently added a second hard drive to my pc onto which I've installed RH6. On my pre-existing drive I have SUSE linux 5.1 which eventually I will trash. I booted to this from loadlin on my windoose partition. Suse (2.0.34) recognises my LS120 drive as hdc (not fd0) with some errors on boot but formats etc a normal floppy. RH6 (kernel 2.2.5) doesn't seem so happy with it. On installation it fell over at the make boot floppy bit (surprise surprise) as did suse since both were looking for fd0. This led me with a problem, how was I to boot to my new system? Suse did allow me during installation to set up loadlin (it didn't do it correctly but I solved that myself, RH seems less loadlin aware). The only way to get it to do was to boot with my old kernal image on my windows partiton. It boots OK. Having access to it I've tried to cp or dd or mkbootdsk to a normal floppy on dev/hdc. cp doesn't seem to work for some reason, almost like I haven't permission as root to do it. dd tried dd if=/boot/vmlinuz of=/dev/hdc bs=1440k and a few variations on it in the bs line such as bs=8192 - any way the machine starts to decompress the kernel and then comes up with (err=1) cannot decompress kernel message. mkbootdsk 2.2.5 /dev/hdc 1440k doesn't work, the system copies stuff to the disk, but on boot the machine sails thru it completly! I did suceed in making an installation disk from the cd-rom using the dd method, so presumably I could make a rescue disk, but I don't see how this could help me. After a long spiel these are my questions. In the boot directory there a multiplicity of files vmlinuz, vmlinuz.2.2.5, 2.2.5BOOT etc which one is the right one to use for a boot disk and how do I do it? Why does the hdc drive come up with partition errors every time I use it (mkfs, mkbootdsk dd etc) and what is the kernel image called I need to copy to my loadlin directory which is what I want to do on a permanent basis? Could the fact that I'm booting via an older suse derived kernel give me my "cannot find dev/mouse" error (on startx and in var/log/messages) which means I cannot start X ( I copied my existing XF86Config file across)? There is one further puzzle on runing redev to try to determine the whereabouts of the kernel I was informed it was in /dev/sdc1. I as far as I now have no such device. Sorry this is a long post, but I wanted to try to explain the background to my request. Ta in advance. Neil. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: scsi host emulation
ROFL I have the same problem. I made a horrid kludge: 1) I added the modprobe to /etc/rc.d/local 2) I just accepted the fact that it hijacked my other drive to There is a way to do it in conf.modules but I can never get that to work. DAVID -- The Linux C Mailing Lists Have Moved mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]?subject=subscribe The Linux C++ Mailing Lists Have Moved mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]?subject=subscribe -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Tape parameters for dump
I went through this problem a while ago. Turns out that the DAT drives are helical. This means that the *effective* length of the tape is calculated based on the density of a helical stripe on the tape multiplied by the number of stripes that fit on the tape. [What the hell is he talking about?] The practical solution is to run your dump with a tape length set to something like 67000 meters. Maybe less for a 90 m tape, but that's the sort of number I use for a 120. Sorry I don't have the exact number on me, as my 'puter is at home. -- --Time flies like the wind. Fruit flies like a banana. Stranger things have happened but none stranger than this.- Steven W. Orr [EMAIL PROTECTED] site of former bang addr:-) ---"Listen to me! We are all individuals."- On Tue, 4 Jan 2000, Matthew Saltzman wrote: =Backup gurus- = =I was trying to use dump for a rudimentary backup with a 4mm DAT =drive. The drive capacity is 4-8G and the tape capacity is 2-4G (90 =meters, I believe). I have about 1-2G to back up. But if I run dump =with the default settings, only a small amount of data is written =before dump requests a new volume. = =So my question is: What are the right settings for the dump parameters =-B (records), -b (blocksize), -d (density), and/or -s (feet) for this =configuration? (Also, am I correct in assuming that this has nothing =to do with the drive capacity and everything to do with the tape =capacity?) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Tape parameters for dump
I went through this problem a while ago. Turns out that the DAT drives are helical. This means that the *effective* length of the tape is calculated based on the density of a helical stripe on the tape multiplied by the number of stripes that fit on the tape. [What the hell is he talking about?] What he's saying is that the 4 8mm drives work like a VHS VCR. the read write heads *fly* across the tape diagonally instead of along its length (like a cassette, remeber those?) which means that he calculated the *length* of the tape as far as dump is concerned as being the physical length of the tape (90 or 120 meters) times the width of the tape (4 or 8 mm) divided by the width of the tracks --- a cassette records as follows a helical recordslike this so for the same physical length of tape you get more data on the tape. I'm sure that is clear as mud but... I tried -- Ken -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Tape parameters for dump
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I went through this problem a while ago. Turns out that the DAT drives are helical. This means that the *effective* length of the tape is calculated based on the density of a helical stripe on the tape multiplied by the number of stripes that fit on the tape. I think this may only be true for MRS tapes (media regognition system) tapes. There are also tapes that don't have the MRS diagonal marks that do work as well. [What the hell is he talking about?] What he's saying is that the 4 8mm drives work like a VHS VCR. the read write heads *fly* across the tape diagonally instead of along its length (like a cassette, remeber those?) which means that he calculated the *length* of the tape as far as dump is concerned as being the physical length of the tape (90 or 120 meters) times the width of the tape (4 or 8 mm) divided by the width of the tracks --- a cassette records as follows a helical recordslike this so for the same physical length of tape you get more data on the tape. I'm sure that is clear as mud but... I tried -- Ken -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- Bruce Kall Mayo Foundation Rochester, MN e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] phone: (507) 255-4768 -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
External CDR
I'm in the market for an external CD player that has recording capabilty. Would someone recommend a make and model? TIA Richard L Brown -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
S/W RAID in RH6.1 installer
Yeah, like it will actually work right. -- Edward Schernau http://www.schernau.com Network Architect mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Rational Computing Providence, RI, USA -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: External CDR
At 08:47 AM 1/5/00 -0600, you wrote: I'm in the market for an external CD player that has recording capabilty. Would someone recommend a make and model? The nicest halfway reasonably priced drive I've used is the Plextor PlexWriter 8/4/32 model no. PX-W8432Ti. It is actually an internal drive, but it can be mounted in an external SCSI enclosure fairly cheaply. Yamaha and Ricoh both also make respectable 8x burners (although Yamaha has a tendancy to provide very poor quality SCSI enclosures for their external drives), I use an internal Yamaha CRW8424SZ at home (it was cheaper than the Plextor). -- To be considered half as good as Microsoft, Linux has to work twice as fast. Fortunately, this is easy. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: External CDR
Richard Brown wrote: I'm in the market for an external CD player that has recording capabilty. Would someone recommend a make and model? TIA Richard L Brown -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. Buy a Yamaha SCSI model. They are, hands down, the BEST (except for the Phillips OmniWriter which is no longer made) CDR/CDRW out there today. They have come wy down in price and the firmware is usually flawless. Paul C. -- Paul Crossman Silverback Technologies, Inc. Senior Systems Admin 85 Rangeway Road 978-670-9944 x2238Billerica, MA 01862 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
How to have a caching nameserver with a local hosts file?
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hi, I have a home network set up, with one machine acting as a firewall/router/nameserver. This machine is connected 24/7 via a cable modem to the net, and is running RedHat 6.1. I have installed bind with the caching nameserver files. Each machine on my network has a name, and I have the hosts file working properly. All machines look to the nameserver for DNS resolution. They all work properly when connecting to any site outside my home. My problem is that I don't want to replicate the hosts file on all machines, because things change, etc. I would like to have the caching nameserver know about the local hosts file, but don't know how to set it up. I've read about h2n being able to convert hosts files to the proper format for named, but I am concerned about it overwriting the existing files, and if it is creating a new file (new for my system, that is), how do I configure that file into the existing files? Thanks in advance. JBB PS. Please respond via e-mail as well as this list, thanks. - --- Programming can be summed up easily: "Faster, Better, Cheaper: Choose 2 -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: PGPsdk version 1.7.1 (C) 1997-1999 Network Associates, Inc. and its affiliated companies. iQCVAwUBOHNlyY1F3x2FJJilAQFSdwP/eclgYC7sjGRDWkMozhfVhukKKeIDc527 kGtin/v7BMQOKLSmdw3jeOwUeshO8WjtLvjsY6emMsyIDep5FwqPpai2pFxl1ZeL gsdYe8aVsJwDgkrf4WYgoCjUrpdAwaVz8sKJcboLN4h6xG6B3PFR+En+4iXdhvvn FVR2hfqJNi8= =sIiz -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Project Sheduling software?
At 06:42 PM 1/4/00 -0600, Steve Borho wrote: Are any of you aware of any other Linux native solutions (similar in features to MS-Project or FastTrack Schedule)? LinuxToday last night had a link to something called Xen but (1) it's apparently around alpha quality and (2) didn't look much like Project. A long while back on cosource this was discussed and someone posted about an existing solution but I cannot for the life of me recall the name. The cosource discussion may also have spawned something. Sorry I cannot be more helpful; but I believe there are packages that have most or all the functionality of Project. -Alan --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: How do I defragment a Linux drive?
At 01:18 PM 1/4/00 -0600, Joseph Wagner wrote: How do I defragment these partitions? I didn't see any replies so I'll throw this in and someone can correct me if I'm wrong: I've never seen a defrag for Linux and my understanding was that ext2 didn't need it. I would hazard a guess that this means it automatically keep fragmentation low. --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
working ppp on 5.1, not on 6.0 (??)
EXTREME NEWBIE ALERT *sigh* Running RH 5.1 and everything was fine.. on a whim I decided to upgrade to 6.0. After making a few changes with fdisk I got 6.0 installed and running with gnome/enlightenment. I used the modem cofig tool to point out my modem and then used netcfg tool to set up ppp. This is where my problem started...under names I put in the hostname and the name of my isp, namesevers I put the isp addy, in the interfaces box I added ppp and input ph#, login and pass. I checked flow control, abort on well known errors, left line speed @ 115200, set defaultroute, restart on failed connection and mru of 1500. After saving this I tried to test the connection but it seems that the deck wasnt stacked in my favor. I hear the modem open the line, but it doesnt dial (this modem worked an hour ago under win95 and RH 5.1) and seems to lock up for a bit. Also, and this problem frustrates me a little more, one or more of the changes I made to netcfg seem to have locked me out of gnome. None of my panel buttons work and from xterm (which I had access to until I closed it) gives me errors from the netcfg file starting at line 24. I am guessing that I messed up something when I put in host and domain names, but that is a real uneducated guess (it just seems like I've lost permission for everything). One other tidbit of info.. I was in as root making changes. I was under the impression that I had to be to setup ppp. The above steps are from memory/notes, if you need more info I can try to recreate the errors and mail to the list. What I am hoping for is that someone will see my error in the limited info above and tell me how to correct it or, if that is impossible I would like to know how to re-set the netcfg back to default values. Oh, re-installing in part, or in whole is an option I just dont want to do that until I check for other ways... can ya blame me ? Thanks in advance, T. Sprowl -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
gpm problem?
Hello! I see the following messages for several last versions of gpm: Jan 4 10:57:17 oleg gpm[349]: No data Jan 4 11:00:50 oleg last message repeated 4 times Jan 4 11:01:57 oleg last message repeated 3 times Jan 4 11:02:59 oleg last message repeated 3 times Jan 4 11:04:24 oleg last message repeated 5 times Jan 4 11:05:29 oleg last message repeated 5 times Jan 4 11:07:00 oleg last message repeated 5 times Jan 4 11:08:29 oleg last message repeated 3 times Jan 4 11:09:33 oleg last message repeated 5 times Jan 4 11:10:42 oleg last message repeated 5 times Jan 4 11:11:51 oleg last message repeated 3 times Jan 4 11:14:25 oleg last message repeated 3 times Jan 4 11:20:02 oleg gpm[349]: No data Jan 4 11:28:36 oleg gpm[349]: No data Jan 4 11:29:26 oleg gpm[349]: Error in protocol Jan 4 11:29:30 oleg last message repeated 54 times Sometimes after another "error in protocol" gpm simply dies (so I restart it and go on). A funny thing is, the "no data" messages seem to appear even when I do not touch the mouse at all. Could anyone please say what it is trying to tell me? The gpm is gpm-1.17.9-3, running under linux-2.2.13, the /etc/sysconfig/mouse contains MOUSETYPE="MouseSystems" XEMU3=no Unfortunately, I cannot say much about the mouse (did not keep the box); it is a more or less normal serial mouse (with a 2/3 buttons switch - took some effort to find such :( ). Regards, (and how does it feel to live in Y2K?) Oleg -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: How do I defragment a Linux drive?
Alan, I won't argue with you on ext2. You probably know that a lot better than me. OTOH, OS/2 Warp uses HPFS, which was also said (by Microsoft !-) to keep defragmentation low and shouldn't need any defragmentation. Experience showed, though, that defragging an HPFS partition *could* make a difference. Primarily on partitions with static (or almost static) data residing on them. Defraggers were made and they proved a performance gain. Not that you felt the difference in the keyboard, but for disk intensive apps it was measurable. Just a thought. Gustav Alan Mead wrote: At 01:18 PM 1/4/00 -0600, Joseph Wagner wrote: How do I defragment these partitions? I didn't see any replies so I'll throw this in and someone can correct me if I'm wrong: I've never seen a defrag for Linux and my understanding was that ext2 didn't need it. I would hazard a guess that this means it automatically keep fragmentation low. --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- pgp = Pretty Good Privacy. To get my public pgp key, send an e-mail to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Visit my web site at http://www.schaffter.com -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: working ppp on 5.1, not on 6.0 (??)
Dear T, I don't know whether this will help, but I've never bothered with any of the built in linux ppp connection ulities since I tried them but could never get them to work. I've used a small commandline program called eznet to connect. After compiling it (it comes as c code) and setting permissions (which is easy) its as simple as entering my username, phone number, a name to call the connection and password and pressing enter. You can set mru and lots of other options have multiple connections etc if you need to. Its command line driven but adding a menu for it in your favourite window manager is simple. It has clear instructions on its web page and can produce a troubleshootng log. Typing ping ip address of provider in term will tell you whether you are connected as well. NB. On my redhat 5.2 box eznet worked but I discovered I had no /etc/resolv.conf file RH hadn't installed it. Once I copied this over from my suse system it was fine. -- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: working ppp on 5.1, not on 6.0 (??) Date: Wed, Jan 5, 2000, 4:11 pm EXTREME NEWBIE ALERT *sigh* Running RH 5.1 and everything was fine.. on a whim I decided to upgrade to 6.0. After making a few changes with fdisk I got 6.0 installed and running with gnome/enlightenment. I used the modem cofig tool to point out my modem and then used netcfg tool to set up ppp. This is where my problem started...under names I put in the hostname and the name of my isp, namesevers I put the isp addy, in the interfaces box I added ppp and input ph#, login and pass. I checked flow control, abort on well known errors, left line speed @ 115200, set defaultroute, restart on failed connection and mru of 1500. After saving this I tried to test the connection but it seems that the deck wasnt stacked in my favor. I hear the modem open the line, but it doesnt dial (this modem worked an hour ago under win95 and RH 5.1) and seems to lock up for a bit. Also, and this problem frustrates me a little more, one or more of the changes I made to netcfg seem to have locked me out of gnome. None of my panel buttons work and from xterm (which I had access to until I closed it) gives me errors from the netcfg file starting at line 24. I am guessing that I messed up something when I put in host and domain names, but that is a real uneducated guess (it just seems like I've lost permission for everything). One other tidbit of info.. I was in as root making changes. I was under the impression that I had to be to setup ppp. The above steps are from memory/notes, if you need more info I can try to recreate the errors and mail to the list. What I am hoping for is that someone will see my error in the limited info above and tell me how to correct it or, if that is impossible I would like to know how to re-set the netcfg back to default values. Oh, re-installing in part, or in whole is an option I just dont want to do that until I check for other ways... can ya blame me ? Thanks in advance, T. Sprowl -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Getting a copy of RedHat 4.2 / InterBase open-source release
Hello, Does anyone know where I can download a copy of the RedHat 4.2 install images? (in other words, is there an archive somewhere of older RedHat releases.) I need it for a project I'm working on, the plan is to install it in a virtual machine running under VMware for Linux, and then install InterBase 4 on it. (FYI -in case anyone hasn't heard, Inprise/Borland's InterBase 6 is about to be open-sourced, which would make it the most full-featured free database available under Linux.) Basically my motivation is to get a jump on learning and using the InterBase SQL database before the open source release, -(Interbase 4, is already free, but only certified to run on RedHat 4.2) Alternately, is there any way to get the older InterBase to run on RedHat 6.1, which I'm using at home.. (At work we're a Debian shop, so I'd be running VMware under that distro, and RedHat in that..) If any helpful person could email me at work with any archive pointers, I'd really appreciate it. My work email is [EMAIL PROTECTED] Thanks muchly! Chris PGP Key Signature: (key available at the standard keyservers) ABF3 22E7 EFA6 FACD 4A33 9657 46D3 2DEE 54A4 6667 -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: How do I defragment a Linux drive?
Here's a ext2 defragmenter: http://freshmeat.net/appindex/1999/11/08/942118543.html Please try it out on you less critical partitions and let us know how it did! :) -Eric Wood -Original Message- From: Gustav Schaffter [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Wednesday, January 05, 2000 11:28 AM Subject: Re: How do I defragment a Linux drive? Alan, I won't argue with you on ext2. You probably know that a lot better than me. OTOH, OS/2 Warp uses HPFS, which was also said (by Microsoft !-) to keep defragmentation low and shouldn't need any defragmentation. Experience showed, though, that defragging an HPFS partition *could* make a difference. Primarily on partitions with static (or almost static) data residing on them. Defraggers were made and they proved a performance gain. Not that you felt the difference in the keyboard, but for disk intensive apps it was measurable. Just a thought. Gustav Alan Mead wrote: At 01:18 PM 1/4/00 -0600, Joseph Wagner wrote: How do I defragment these partitions? I didn't see any replies so I'll throw this in and someone can correct me if I'm wrong: I've never seen a defrag for Linux and my understanding was that ext2 didn't need it. I would hazard a guess that this means it automatically keep fragmentation low. --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- pgp = Pretty Good Privacy. To get my public pgp key, send an e-mail to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Visit my web site at http://www.schaffter.com -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
How to copy a file with cyrillic name to vfat?
Hello! The question is: how to copy a file with cyrillic letters in the name to a vfat disk? What happens is that when I have a file with the name in cyrillics on my vfat partition(s), created by W95, it is perfectly well visible in Linux; however, if I create a file with cyrillics in its name in Linux and copy it to a vfat partition, it is still perfectly well visible from Linux, but appears with funny symbols in the name (and canot be opened) from W95. The relevant lines in /etc/fstab are of the form /dev/hda1 /C vfat iocharset=koi8-r0 0 Regards, Oleg -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Getting a copy of RedHat 4.2 / InterBase open-source release
I might, might have acopy of RH4.2 on CD-rom at home, if I have I'll email you them if you want. Excuse my ignorance you do seem to know a lot more than me but is'nt the point of filling your hd with libs backwards compatability? NH -- From: Chris Beaumont [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Getting a copy of RedHat 4.2 / InterBase open-source release Date: Wed, Jan 5, 2000, 4:27 pm Hello, Does anyone know where I can download a copy of the RedHat 4.2 install images? (in other words, is there an archive somewhere of older RedHat releases.) I need it for a project I'm working on, the plan is to install it in a virtual machine running under VMware for Linux, and then install InterBase 4 on it. (FYI -in case anyone hasn't heard, Inprise/Borland's InterBase 6 is about to be open-sourced, which would make it the most full-featured free database available under Linux.) Basically my motivation is to get a jump on learning and using the InterBase SQL database before the open source release, -(Interbase 4, is already free, but only certified to run on RedHat 4.2) Alternately, is there any way to get the older InterBase to run on RedHat 6.1, which I'm using at home.. (At work we're a Debian shop, so I'd be running VMware under that distro, and RedHat in that..) If any helpful person could email me at work with any archive pointers, I'd really appreciate it. My work email is [EMAIL PROTECTED] Thanks muchly! Chris PGP Key Signature: (key available at the standard keyservers) ABF3 22E7 EFA6 FACD 4A33 9657 46D3 2DEE 54A4 6667 -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Setting up mail for virtual domain
Hi Scott, Since you just asked about virtual domains I'm going to assume that you have the real domain for your machine set up with a fully qualified, resolvable domain. 1) Go to /etc/sendmail.cw and add the virtual domain(s) in: * # sendmail.cw - include all aliases for your machine here. # domain1.com # domain2.com holiness.homeip.net christianfamilies.org edwards.brooklyn-park.mn.us * Check your sendmail.cf file and make sure the following lines exist and have the correct path to the domaintable and virtusertable files. Most installs for these two files on RedHat are /etc/mail/domaintable and /etc/mail/virtusertable. For whatever reason when I installed 5.2 these files didn't exist, so I put them in /etc. The exact location isn't as important as that the path shown below matches their actual location. If these lines don't exist then you'll need to find and modify your .mc file and create a new sendmail.cf file from it. It's not recommended that you simply hand enter these lines to sendmail.cf (Some modifications to sendmail.cf require other changes in the file that are automatically done by the .mc file when it creates the new sendmail.cf file. If you do these by hand you may break your sendmail configuration and shut down your mailer completely.). Lines preceded by "#" are comments and thus ignored. *** # Domain table (adding domains) Kdomaintable hash /etc/domaintable # Generics table (mapping outgoing addresses) #Kgenerics dbm /etc/genericstable # Virtual user table (maps incoming users) Kvirtuser hash /etc/virtusertable *** Once sendmail.cf and sendmail.cw are properly set up, SIGHUP sendmail. At least that's what the directions say, but I've never got it to work. Stop sendmail and restart it by whatever means works on your box. 2) Modify your domaintable by adding in the domain and the user it is assigned to (I try to keep simple instructions for this file and its cousins in these files. I don't do this often enough to memorize the steps, so I keep notes to help job my memory.): # Domain table (maps virtual domains) # makemap hash /etc/domaintable /etc/domaintable # Virtual Users are set up in /etc/virtusertable (maps incoming users) # Generics table is set up in /etc/genericstable (maps outgoing users) holiness.homeip.net glenlee christianfamilies.org glenlee edwards.brooklyn-park.mn.us glenlee Do the same with virtusertable: # Virtual User table (maps incoming email to specific user) # makemap hash /etc/virtusertable /etc/virtusertable # Domains are set up in /etc/domaintable # Generics are set up in /etc/genericstable (maps outgoing users) # Separate email address / user by a single tab # [EMAIL PROTECTED] glenlee1 # [EMAIL PROTECTED] glenlee [EMAIL PROTECTED] jan @holiness.homeip.netglenlee Then execute the commands: makemap hash /etc/virtusertable /etc/virtusertable makemap hash /etc/domaintable /etc/domaintable Use the correct paths in the above. If you're setup for dbm files (I'm not), I believe you have to use: makemap dbm /etc/virtusertable /etc/virtusertable BUT I don't know for sure. Consult http://www.sendmail.org for specifics. 3) You may need to modify /etc/aliases. If a user on your system has the virtual email address [EMAIL PROTECTED], but his username on your box is jackson, you'll need to modify /etc/aliases to read: ** # USER ALIASES jack: jackson ** If you don't incoming email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] will be rejected with a 551 "no such user" error message. The above directions only describe how to set up virtual domains on your box. You still need to have a resolvable real domain for outgoing email to work. If you're on a dedicated line then you should already have this installed. If you're dial-up like I am then you're going to have some trouble. There are filters that some systems are using that block dial-up Linux accounts that use their box as their MTA based in IP address of the dial-up machine. To fix this you can use IP masquerading, but doing so forces all outgoing mail from your box to read your real machine name, meaning that you can't show your return email address as that of your virtualdomain. All outgoing mail has the From: header changed by Sendmail to your real domain. Hope this helps. Glen -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
OT Testing Hard Drives under Linux.
I am buying some SCSI hard drives and I want to test them for performance and possible failures. Does anybody knows about some Linux software that maybe helpful for this purpose, or any procedure to follow to test the drives' reliability? TIA, -Manuel. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: [OT] Re: Speaking about Java and linux
- Original Message - From: Charles Galpin [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, January 04, 2000 6:17 PM Subject: [OT] Re: Speaking about Java and linux On Tue, 4 Jan 2000, Brad 'GreyBear' Davis wrote: As for how to do DB connectivity I don't think you necessarily have to use Perl at all, although it's a cool language. It depends a lot on who needs to access the DB, where they need access and whether you always need or even want a GUI to the DB. We're developing a Perl interface to PostgreSQL for our backend web processing of orders, but I'll probably develop a web/native interface to the DB so regular mortals can add items to the DB using a friendly easy to use app to do so. I love Perl, so don't think I'm super biased towards Java or something (or though it does have it's place like most things). This sounds like duplicated work. If you are going to write some in Java, then run Java servlets and reuse the code - as long as you write it properly you can easily seperate the GUI code from the DB logic. You can also put a Tk front end to perl and reuse code that way. I wouldn't use both if there is any overlap in functionality. Good points, but for us the differences in how the data gets used and displayed makes it easier for me to do them the way we are. Or maybe I'm just getting old and rigid... #8^D If you do C++ you'll do fine with either Java or Perl. The right tool for the right job is the important thing, IMHO. I went the other way, learned C, skipped C++ and went straight to Perl and finally Java. They finally made me do OOP anyway... #8^D He, I've seen lots of pretty good C++ programmers not at all comfortable with perl, so i don't think that's necessarily true. I totally agree about C++ -- Java though. Piece of cake. Also please don't forget that as long as you are not anal retentive and can see past things like enforced data privacy, you can also write lovely object oriented Perl too, and enjoy all the features of oop. In fact half the time people are writing perl they are using objects and don't even know it. :) Heh, true, which is why I said they fooled me into OOP at last. Oh, and perl has more than sufficient DB access libs to do your e-commerce website, so don't let that be a deciding factor to go to Java. Again, totally agreed. I wrote a patient record access system to an SQL DB totally in perl, including the web interface. It's actually pretty amazing. All praise Larry and Randy! ;^) Brad -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: How do I defragment a Linux drive?
On Wed, 5 Jan 2000, Alan Mead wrote: How do I defragment these partitions? I didn't see any replies so I'll throw this in and someone can correct me if I'm wrong: I've never seen a defrag for Linux and my understanding was that ext2 didn't need it. I would hazard a guess that this means it automatically keep fragmentation low. disclaimerIt is my understanding that: /disclaimer Most unix file systems, including ext2, scatter files across a drive (intentionally) as a form of avoiding intra-file fragmentation. This tends to keep down file fragmentation, and seek time doesn't tend to vary a lot since the drive heads always tends to move around a lot. Advantage is performance doesn't degrade horribly the way a fragged FAT partition does. (Incidentally, this makes evident one of the few uses for disk spanning.) All this said, I haven't ever seen a defragged unix drive, and thus don't know what if any performance difference it would make. Rob -- [EMAIL PROTECTED]http://iabervon.mit.edu "The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man." G.B. Shaw -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: How do I defragment a Linux drive?
{ somewhat off topic, for the file system curious }
On Wed, 5 Jan 2000, Gustav Schaffter wrote:
OTOH, OS/2 Warp uses HPFS, which was also said (by Microsoft !-) to keep
defragmentation low and shouldn't need any defragmentation. Experience
showed, though, that defragging an HPFS partition *could* make a
difference. Primarily on partitions with static (or almost static) data
residing on them.
HPFS tried very hard to avoid fragmenting files. The file APIs took an
optional parameter of file length, and used this to find a free space on
disk with enough space for the file; if not enough was available, it
looked for free fragments nearby each other to improve read
performance. When this parameter was not provided by the application, the
file system did its best. Since not all (in fact, very few) applications
used this feature, HPFS was prone to fragmentation, just not as prone as
FAT. Since most of us came from FAT to HPFS, this was still an amazing
improvement.
Most of the defraggers which were made were just programs which made a
copy of every file on the disk, providing its length to the file system,
and it let HPFS do its best. This worked suprisingly well.
Finally, for the interest, NTFS is a descendent of HPFS, and is basically
HPFS with security features added.
Rob, showing his OS/2 roots...
--
[EMAIL PROTECTED]http://iabervon.mit.edu
"The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress
depends on the unreasonable man." G.B. Shaw
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can't download ms word attachments
Hi, I use netscape for e-mail. I can't download MS Word attachments. When I double-click on the attachment, I get an error box saying Sorry, couldn't open config file /usr/lib/mswordview/config-mswordview not a problem using internal defaults I've installed the mswordview rpm, but the aforementioned file really doesn't exist on my machine. What do I need to do to download MS Word files from e-mail? Thanks, Hidong -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: RH 6.1 Firewall network problems
Hello, I have been setting up a RH 6.1 firewall/router for a LAN (Novell) with 8 (windoze) workstations. Configuring the first 5 workstations to use the firewall went smoothly. I did not get the other three workstations configured however. From the first workstation I can't ping the firewall and from the firewall I can't ping the workstation. I can ping other workstations from the first workstation. This workstation is working now (don't ask me why, I didn't change anything. Strange micro$oft behavior). From the second workstation I can't ping anything. Still doesn't work. The third workstation can't make a network connection at all when I set-up an IP address and a gateway address. Solved this one: changed the IPX/SPX-protocols frame-type from "AUTO" to the real frame-type. I am aware of the fact that this is probably a windoze problem (as always) and that this is definitely not a windoze mailing list. However, since a lot of people have the firewall / LAN set-up I am hoping someone can help me out anyway. TIA, Robert-Jan Kuijvenhoven -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: mail problem again!!
On 30 Dec 1999, Daniel Goldin wrote: I don't know what's going on. I had it working for awhile.Now I get this error... sometimes. The problem seems to be in the sender line. From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 30 Dec 1999 12:43:55 -0800 (PST) |- Message log follows: -| error in header: unterminated quoted literal |- Failed addresses follow: -| |- Message text follows: | Received: by daniel.ix.netcom.com (Linux Smail3.2.0.101 #1) id m123mQN-0009MWC; Thu, 30 Dec 1999 12:43:55 -0800 (PST) Sender: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Armand Tatevossian" [EMAIL PROTECTED] Quotes are illegal in an e-mail adres. Igmar -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Module loaded?
On Fri, 31 Dec 1999, Todd A. Jacobs wrote: Is there a way to see if a particular module has been loaded into the running kernel? lsmod -- Todd A. Jacobs Network Systems Engineer Igmar -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Abit BP6 BIOS update = no SMP!
On Fri, 31 Dec 1999, Sean Clarke wrote: I run an abit bp6 with 2 400C's and have upgraded the bios to the latest and have never expirenced any of the problems that you all seem to be expirenceing. It contains a Fujitsu UDMA66 7200 10.2gig drive a Riva TNT2 32meg AGP video card 128megs PC100 Ram and Redhat 6.0 on 24/7 and never have any problems. I am a great supporter of Abit. Don't know what I am doing right? Just thought I would add my 2cents. The strange thing is that not everybody is having problems. But the APIC errors / hard lockups are weard.. Igmar -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RH6.1 lpd problem...
I'm new to the list here. Please forgive redundancy. I recently installed RH6.1 on a new Athlon box. Trying to set up a remote printer seems to be a problem. I did the exact same thing with a RH5.1 system on a laptop with no problems. Any record of any lpd problems? Or clues on debuggin this? The lpd daemon does not seem to connect to the remote host... Thanks for any help -bill- -- --- Bill Richards - Ph.D. - VP Engineering Tel: (919) 481-3239 Thunderbird Technologies, Inc. Fax: (919) 481-3256 PO Box 13739 RTP, NC 27709-3739 e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] --- -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
SMP Athlons?
Anyone using Linux on one of these new dual 700Mhz Athlon boxes? -- Steve Borho Voice: 314-615-6349 Network Engineer Celox Communications Corp Fortune of the day: Bilbo's First Law: You cannot count friends that are all packed up in barrels. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: RH6.1 lpd problem...
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I'm new to the list here. Please forgive redundancy. I recently installed RH6.1 on a new Athlon box. Trying to set up a remote printer seems to be a problem. I did the exact same thing with a RH5.1 system on a laptop with no problems. Any record of any lpd problems? Or clues on debuggin this? The lpd daemon does not seem to connect to the remote host... Thanks for any help -bill- You didn't say exactly what you did so I can only make a guess. . . Did you remember to put the new computer's name or IP address in the print servers /etc/hosts/lpd ? Dave -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Multiple X sessions
Todd,
Works fine. Thanks.
Gustav
"Todd A. Jacobs" wrote:
On Sat, 1 Jan 2000, Gustav Schaffter wrote:
I'd like to run X as myself on tty7 and run X as a different user in
for instance tty8.
Run:
startx -- :1
where 1 can actually be any number other than whatever's already
running. :) The following function may suffice for you, if placed in your
.bashrc file.
x ()
{
case $(tty|head --bytes 8|tail --bytes 3) in
tty)
startx -- :$(tty|head --bytes 11|tail --bytes 2)
;;
pts)
echo "You can't run this from inside X Windows!"
;;
esac
}
--
pgp = Pretty Good Privacy.
To get my public pgp key, send an e-mail to: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Visit my web site at http://www.schaffter.com
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as the Subject.
Re: Getting a copy of RedHat 4.2 / InterBase open-source release
At 08:27 AM 1/5/00 -0800, Chris Beaumont wrote: Hello, Does anyone know where I can download a copy of the RedHat 4.2 install images? I don't know that this is a good idea But anyway you mean besides Red Hat? I see this question a lot and I'm pretty sure you can get relatively ancient copies of red hat from them. ftp://ftp.redhat.com/redhat/old-releases/i386/images -Alan --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: How to have a caching nameserver with a local hosts file?
%- My problem is that I don't want to replicate the hosts file on all %- machines, because things change, etc. I would like to have the caching %- nameserver know about the local hosts file, but don't know how to set %- it up. %- %- I've read about h2n being able to convert hosts files to the proper %- format for named, but I am concerned about it overwriting the existing %- files, and if it is creating a new file (new for my system, that is), %- how do I configure that file into the existing files? This sounds like you want to do "split DNS" -- that is, have BIND provide resolution for your internal LAN, as well as to the rest of the world. It can be done with some difficulty, as BIND 8.x isn't designed to handle this kind of situation. You basically need to run two separate instances of BIND... The h2n script creates the files in its working directory, and won't overwrite existing named config files -- that's my experience at least. I can recommend reading the comp.protocols.dns.bind newsgroup for some good hints and tips... Regards, Juha -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Getting a copy of RedHat 4.2 / InterBase open-source release
At 02:53 PM 1/5/00 -0600, Alan Mead wrote: ftp://ftp.redhat.com/redhat/old-releases/i386/images I think I meant: ftp://ftp.redhat.com/redhat/old-releases/redhat-4.2/i386/images or possibly ftp://ftp.redhat.com/redhat/old-releases/4.2/i386/images but the point is you can visit the RH ftp site for this. --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Found one Y2K issue in logs
Van: John Sellens [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Aan: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Verzonden: dinsdag 4 januari 2000 16:29
Onderwerp: Re: flexfax: Found one Y2K issue in logs
I emptied out my etc/xferlog file which seemed to do the
trick for me ...
| From [EMAIL PROTECTED] Tue Jan 4 06:48:49 2000
| Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2000 06:18:18 -0500
| From: Yan Seiner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
| To: HylaFax list [EMAIL PROTECTED]
| Subject: Re: flexfax: Found one Y2K issue in logs
|
| It's been doing that to me since I installed it...
|
| Not a y2k issue - just some funky date/time issue. I haven't had a
| chance to diagnose it - it's a minor problem in the scope of things here
| today.
|
| --Yan
|
| Steven Cruysberghs wrote:
|
| Yes, I noticed the same thing. Is there a solution for this?
| - Oorspronkelijk bericht -
| Van: Carl Patten [EMAIL PROTECTED]
| Aan: Carl Patten [EMAIL PROTECTED]
| CC: HylaFax list [EMAIL PROTECTED]
| Verzonden: maandag 3 januari 2000 17:44
| Onderwerp: flexfax: Found one Y2K issue in logs
|
|
| The status log that HylaFAX e-mails me every day counted all the faxes
| I've
| ever sent. That's probably a one-time glitch due to the roll-over.
The following patches to Hylafax scripts in /usr/sbin (or wherever you
have them installed) will fix the problem without resorting to purging
your directories. I had the same problems, and the changes make reports
normal as before 2000:
cut--
*** faxcron Tue Jan 19 22:41:45 1999
--- /usr/sbin/faxcron Wed Jan 5 08:56:41 2000
***
*** 187,191
split(datetime, a, " ");
split(a[1], b, "/");
! t = b[3] b[1] b[2] a[2];
if (t LASTt)
return;
--- 187,195
split(datetime, a, " ");
split(a[1], b, "/");
! if (b[3] 70)
! century = "20";
! else
! century = "19";
! t = century b[3] b[1] b[2] a[2];
if (t LASTt)
return;
***
*** 252,256
split(LASTRUN, a, " ");
split(a[1], b, "/");
! LASTt = b[3] b[1] b[2] a[2];
setupToLower();
}
--- 256,264
split(LASTRUN, a, " ");
split(a[1], b, "/");
! if (b[3] 70)
! century = "20";
! else
! century = "19";
! LASTt = century b[3] b[1] b[2] a[2];
setupToLower();
}
*** recvstats Tue Jan 19 22:41:45 1999
--- /usr/sbin/recvstats Mon Jan 3 13:07:22 2000
***
*** 158,162
function cvtDateTime(s)
{
! yday = substr(s,7,2)*365 + substr(s,4,2) - 1;
mon = substr(s,0,2) + 0;
for (i = 0; i mon; i++)
--- 158,165
function cvtDateTime(s)
{
! yr = substr(s,7,2);
! if (yr 70)
! yr += 100;
! yday = yr*365 + substr(s,4,2) - 1;
mon = substr(s,0,2) + 0;
for (i = 0; i mon; i++)
*** xferstats Tue Jan 19 22:41:44 1999
--- /usr/sbin/xferstats Mon Jan 3 13:08:49 2000
***
*** 187,191
function cvtDateTime(s)
{
! yday = substr(s,7,2)*365 + substr(s,4,2) - 1;
mon = substr(s,0,2) + 0;
for (i = 0; i mon; i++)
--- 187,194
function cvtDateTime(s)
{
! yr = substr(s,7,2);
! if (yr 70)
! yr += 100;
! yday = yr*365 + substr(s,4,2) - 1;
mon = substr(s,0,2) + 0;
for (i = 0; i mon; i++)
cut--
Jim Cunning
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Re: Misc hardware questions
Maybe to clarify, I am not particularly interested in decrypting and hijacking DVD discs. I just want a linux DVD player and be able to watch DVD movies on a linux laptop. Can this be done and if so how? Brian "Patrick M. May" wrote: Well, go over to Slashdot.org. I'm not really sure how well. Look for the program DeCSS for a start. Just to note, the DVD CCA (Copyright Control Authority) is hauling a bunch, well trying to, of people into court over that program. A Temporary Restraining Order was denied by a judge in Santa Clara County, California (San Jose) last week. I'm sure you can get the source code in any number of ways: floppy, paper, tee-shirts were suggested, you name it. Check Freshmeat, or Slashdot. Many people were posting it there. Patrick PS: I didn't link directly to it, can I still get a "letter"? :-) -Original Message- From: Brian Hand [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Monday, January 03, 2000 16:05 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Misc hardware questions Thanks for the reply, however is DVD supported in linux? Brian Patrick May wrote: I do believe that AcceleratedX is required. I have seen this card listed with a system on either VALinux or Penguin Computing in a dual headed system. Maybe XFree86 4 will support dual headed display, but I don't know. Patrick On Sun, 02 Jan 2000, Charles Galpin wrote: This tweaked my interest, because I'd love to go dualheaded one day. On Sun, 2 Jan 2000, M. Erickson wrote: On Sun, 2 Jan 2000, Brian Hand wrote: I am looking for a video card that can drive two monitors at the same time work well with RH linux 6.x. Check out the Matrox G400. But does Linux support this? Reading their website, it sounds very driver dependent. Is there a HOWTO on this topic? thanks charles -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: counting postscript pages
Thanks to everyone for the suggestions. It appears that I can't determine the number of pages that postscript will consume without printing. I will have to settle for getting this information after printing. Thanks. -- David -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Bulk copy shell script
I would like to bulk copy a file to the same location in every users directory. What would be the command for this? InterNetWorkingSolutions Your home for Business and Personal Computing Solutions http://webpageweaver.com PO Box 152 Cabot, VT 05647 USA TEL: 888.726.9030 FAX: 888.726.9030 [EMAIL PROTECTED] ICQ: 29843943 -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Misc hardware questions
At 03:18 PM 1/5/00 -0600, Brian Hand wrote: Maybe to clarify, I am not particularly interested in decrypting and hijacking DVD discs. I just want a linux DVD player and be able to watch DVD movies on a linux laptop. Can this be done and if so how? Yeah, we know. But in order to play the DVD's you need to decrypt them. Add paranoid millionaries with high-paid corporate lawyers and you have a big mess. Anyway, for now, in the US, it may be illegal for you to watch DVD's on your Linux laptop and the CSS people are definitely trying to stop the spread of DeCSS so you'll have a little difficulty finding websites with the software and instructions. -Alan --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Bulk copy shell script
At 04:30 PM 1/5/00 -0500, you wrote: I would like to bulk copy a file to the same location in every users directory. What would be the command for this? There are probably easier ways to do this, but off the top of my head I'd do it like this: Assuming you are using the standard arrangement for user home directories (i.e. a user named "XX" has a home directory named "/home/XX") we want to loop through each home directory, create the directory to store the file in (if necessary) and then copy the file in. --- CUT HERE --- # Put the file /root/sourcefile into "public_html/destfile" in each user's home # dir for f in /home/*; do # For each home directory if [ -d $f ] ; then # Check if the location directory exists if [ ! -d $f/public_html ]; then #If it doesn't exist, create it mkdir $f/public_html fi # Copy the source file into the location cp /root/sourcefile $f/public_html/destfile fi done --- CUT HERE --- If you have non-home dirs in /home or if your user's home dirs are distributed around, you may want to either just feed a whitespace seperated list of user home dirs into the for loop or use a filter like: cut -f 6 -d : /etc/passwd To retrieve the complete list of users' home directories from the passwd file. Even then you might want to preface this with a grep filter to remove "special" users like root ftp and daemon and the like. -- Q: What's tiny and yellow and very, very, dangerous? A: A canary with the super-user password. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: Two NICs? [Update][Solved!]
As they said in a movie I saw last night on HBO "Learn it, live it, love it". That applies to paying attention the hardware compatibility list and looking closely at the Rev on the cards... 3c905-TX Rev B is NOT compatible with Linux. Unfortunately, only one of my cards ISN'T a Rev B, the other being a fully compatible Rev A, which is why I was so confused but I did inherit a few eePro100s just yesterday so I've now got my Master "Up to Snuff". (For those who are curious, I got them from the same boss who gave me the 10 GB drive. He really owes me, and he's trying to pay up) Thanks for all the help from everyone who gave suggestions... I learned a lot, and picked up more than a few tips, including that one. Thanks to everyone! Bill Ward -Original Message- From: Ward William E PHDN [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:52 AM To: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Cc: recipient.list.not.shown; @nswcphdn.navy.mil Subject: RE: Two NICs? [Update] Ok, first I want to thank everyone for the help they've given me... I've learned a few things, been retaught a few things, and picked up at least two snazzy new tricks to help diagnose problems. To update: After much gnashing of teeth, I have diagnosed that there were at least three errors... unfortunately. The first, which was the original, all by itself, killer, was that somehow, the act of tightening the second nic down into the case caused it to unseat So, I could "prove" that the card was seated properly, button up the case, and it wasn't seated properly. I have fixed this. The second was a problem with the IRQs, as was mentioned. The first Nic was IRQ3, the second wanted to be 3 as well... this shouldn't be a problem, but some of the config/test tools said it was... I've moved the second nic to IRQ9. The last is the most perplexing, and is still unsolved, but I'm hoping I can fix it from here... now NEITHER nic will initialize during bootup, with both giving a "delaying initialization" message I'm going to go back and revisit some of the early suggestions to see if I can fix this. Unfortunately, I haven't had a lot of time to work on it since Thursday, and with Y2K being next week, I'm going to be swamped for week or so... I'll let folks know when I solve the problem once and for all, and let everyone know the solution. Thanks again! Bill Ward -Original Message- From: Ward William E PHDN [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, December 15, 1999 3:01 PM To: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Cc: recipient.list.not.shown; @nswcphdn.navy.mil Subject: Two NICs? Ok, folks, somehow I'm having a brain freeze. I'm having trouble getting two NICs working in a single box together. Here's the setup: RH5.2 (Stock, no new software out of the box) P133, 40MB 2 3COM 3C590-TX Fast Ethernet Cards Everything else is probably irrelevant hardware-wise. I'm trying to setup eth0 using DHCP as my main interface to the box (named Woodstock). The DHCP is working fine. On the other side, I'm trying to use eth1 with a fixed address (10.0.0.1) to a subnet (Woodstock) as Master (yes, if you are thinking Beowulf, you're right). During bootup, eth0 initializes properly and all is bright and gay. Then it's eth1's turn, but instead of booting, it says "Delaying initializing eth1". OK. So, I try ifcfg-eth1 up and get an error that the card doesn't exist. The file is in place, though, so at least Linux recognizes that the nic is THERE. I have NOT recompiled the kernel, so the fact that there are two identical cards has me thinking that perhaps my problem lies in not having an alias to load a second copy of the driver for the card... but can that be it? And how would I need to configure that? I don't want to hose the system with an incorrect configuration. Bill Ward -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Misc hardware questions
May I ask : who has the write to read a DVD ? This is getting VERY confusing ! I have a lasptop with a DVD. Obvioulsy some people were able to design software (under Windoze) to use it or they would not sell it (I do have one of those) . So : what is the deal here How did those guys get the right to do it (do you need to buy it ???) Philippe Alan Mead [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: At 03:18 PM 1/5/00 -0600, Brian Hand wrote: Maybe to clarify, I am not particularly interested in decrypting and hijacking DVD discs. I just want a linux DVD player and be able to watch DVD movies on a linux laptop. Can this be done and if so how? Yeah, we know. But in order to play the DVD's you need to decrypt them. Add paranoid millionaries with high-paid corporate lawyers and you have a big mess. Anyway, for now, in the US, it may be illegal for you to watch DVD's on your Linux laptop and the CSS people are definitely trying to stop the spread of DeCSS so you'll have a little difficulty finding websites with the software and instructions. -Alan --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Multiple X sessions
On Sat, 1 Jan 2000, Gustav Schaffter wrote:
I'd like to run X as myself on tty7 and run X as a different user in
for instance tty8.
Run:
startx -- :1
where 1 can actually be any number other than whatever's already
running. :) The following function may suffice for you, if placed in your
.bashrc file.
x ()
{
case $(tty|head --bytes 8|tail --bytes 3) in
tty)
startx -- :$(tty|head --bytes 11|tail --bytes 2)
;;
pts)
echo "You can't run this from inside X Windows!"
;;
esac
}
I must be doing something wrong because I cannot get multiple sessions running
with the command up top there. I startx normally then hit ctrl-alt-f2 to login
again, then type startx -- :1 and my system locks up tight. Any suggestions?
Thanks!
--
Darian
"AOL - So easy, no wonder people are idiots"
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Re: Two NICs? [Update][Solved!]
On Wed, Jan 05, 2000 at 05:04:18PM -0500, Ward William E PHDN wrote: As they said in a movie I saw last night on HBO "Learn it, live it, love it". That applies to paying attention the hardware compatibility list and looking closely at the Rev on the cards... 3c905-TX Rev B is NOT compatible with Linux. Unfortunately, only one of my cards ISN'T a Rev B, the other being a fully compatible Rev A, which is why I was so confused but I did inherit a few eePro100s just yesterday so I've now got my Master "Up to Snuff". [...] How to tell a Rev B without pulling the card? I have a '3c905B Cyclone 100baseTx' (as reported by dmesg) which works fine with 3c59x module, and just ordered 2 more 3c905Bs but now wondering if I am asking for trouble. -- Hal B [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Linux helps those who help themselves -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
mouse wierdness under 6.0 and thanks.
I'd like to thank everyone for the huge response to my automated file transfer question from a couple of weeks ago. I didn't expect that many responses. Looks like I've stumbled onto a community of people who know what the Internet is about. Thanks again, very much. On to my latest issue... I've got some mouse funkiness under a 6.0 install. The mouse will start acting strange, and then the pointer will disappear. I have replaced the mouse, but somehow, I don't feel all that much comfort that I found the answer. I have restarted gpm when the system gets in that state, and it's fine for about 5 minutes. -- Paul Crossman Silverback Technologies, Inc. Senior Systems Admin 85 Rangeway Road 978-670-9944 x2238Billerica, MA 01862 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
working ppp on 5.1, not on 6.0 (??)
Ok,
I appreciate all that willpower out there, I realize now that I probably
deserved the RTFM! reply to my previous post and I didnt get one ;) ..must
be the new year. I did some reading and poking and was able to put my
hostname and domainname back (hostname and domainname commands,, go figure
*heh*) to the localhost localhost.localdomain default. Gnome comes back up
with out the errors and I have access to xterm, but there still is
something amiss. When in xterm I should be able to start (it worked before
I goofed) network config. by typing netcfg at the prompt. It doesnt happen.
I get errors that have something todo with python. I'll include them here,
but I am gonna hate typing all this in
errors follow:
File "/usr/lib/rhs/netcfg/netcfg.py", line 1943 in ? win =
WindowFrame(Toplevel())
, line 1911 in __init__
self.G = GV()
, line 169 in __init__
self.EHosts = ConfEHosts()
File "/usr/lib/rhs/python/Conf.py", line 422, in __init__ Conf.__init__
(self, '/etc hots')
, line 176, in __init__
self.read()
,line 425, in read
self.initvars
,438, in initvars
raise BadFile, 'Malformed /etc/hosts file'
Conf.BadFile: Malformed /etc/hosts/ file {well, these last
two lines certainly
look
unfriendly}
I feel better now that I have gnome and xterm back.. could someone point
me in the right direction here ?
Thank ya,
-T. Sprowl
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RE: Reported Bind Exploits Other Stuff
Hi Hossein, I am using the Bind P5 from Chuck Mead's site (server.moongroup.com) and not facing any problems. why not download the RPM"s chuck has built give it a try and see if there is any difference? regards, Yashodhan Barve [EMAIL PROTECTED] tel- 780-412-6985 On Tue, 4 Jan 2000, Hossein S. Zadeh wrote: Following the thread on this list, I upgraded bind to patch level 5 on several Unix machines (some from source RPM (rawhide), some from pure source (from bind's home page)). Since then named consumes 60-100% of CPU. Right after startup it uses 100% CPU and it is extremely slow to respond (so much so that sometimes nslookup times out). After a few minutes the utilisation drops a little bit (60-80%), and it starts answering quesries in a timely manner. Has anyone else seen this? Is it a problem with patch level 5? Or we happen to be targetted for some strange DoS (or flood or whatever) attack? Hossein -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: Two NICs? [Update][Solved!]
I don't know... it's really apparent on the card itself (it was put on with a Magic Marker at the factory, no less!) I guess you WILL have to look at the card. Bill Ward -Original Message- From: Hal Burgiss [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, January 05, 2000 5:17 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: recipient.list.not.shown; @nswcphdn.navy.mil Subject: Re: Two NICs? [Update][Solved!] On Wed, Jan 05, 2000 at 05:04:18PM -0500, Ward William E PHDN wrote: As they said in a movie I saw last night on HBO "Learn it, live it, love it". That applies to paying attention the hardware compatibility list and looking closely at the Rev on the cards... 3c905-TX Rev B is NOT compatible with Linux. Unfortunately, only one of my cards ISN'T a Rev B, the other being a fully compatible Rev A, which is why I was so confused but I did inherit a few eePro100s just yesterday so I've now got my Master "Up to Snuff". [...] How to tell a Rev B without pulling the card? I have a '3c905B Cyclone 100baseTx' (as reported by dmesg) which works fine with 3c59x module, and just ordered 2 more 3c905Bs but now wondering if I am asking for trouble. -- Hal B [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Linux helps those who help themselves -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
[OT] DVD reading (was Re: Misc hardware questions
At 04:05 PM 1/5/00 -0700, Philippe Moutarlier wrote: May I ask : who has the write to read a DVD ? This is getting VERY confusing ! There's been a lot of press. I don't know the answer to your question, someone owns the rights to licence the DVD decryption technology and you would have to speak to them. I believe it's the old story that they want a lot of money and a NDA (i.e., you couldn't open your source). So here's my take on what happened: The (mostly US) entertainment industry is all bent out of shape about copyright violations (bootlegs) sold (mostly) outside the US and MP3's distributed on-line. They figure that if they were getting their usual cut of these products, they'd have millions more (i.e., that demand for these things would be inelastic even if the prices were much higher and thus that they are suffering tremendous opportunity costs--thefts in their view). So they reluctantly agreed on the DVD format because it was sold to them as having unbreakable encryption. This alleged unbreakable encryption was subject to at least two problems: First, it was possible (as is usually the case) for human error to leave a gaping back door. Second, to satisfy US munitions regulations regarding the export of decryption technology, fairly insecure 40-bit keys were involved. Ok, now the point is that you have to decrypt the DVD before you can view it. So any open source Linux viewer would violate the NDA required by the DVD folks to licence their decryption technology. Thus no one had made licensed Linux software for viewing DVD's because the licensing prevented you form opening your source. So maybe reason #1 above is unfair (what system is really secure against human failure?) but that's what happened. One of the legitimate licensees of the decryption technology failed to encrypt something. A group of Linux hackers discovered this and were able to infer not only that licensee's key but also a large number of the others (like 280 of 500). They published their open source software as DeCSS. (This point I'm unclear on: stories quote people in the know as saying that DVD rippers have been around for months... So I'm not sure what made DeCSS special? Maybe the rippers just ripped but did not decrypt?) Anyway, the people who thought that DVD was unbreakable apparently "reeled" when they found out that the unbreakable decryption had been compromised and that they could suffer lots more "theft". So they did a lot of things that the Linux community thought were dumb. Like sending threatening letters to websites that linked to websites that actually contained the DeCSS software. And suing a lot of people. I believe the DeCSS authors were all non-US citizens so it's not clear to me whether or how they are involved in the suits; but I thought they were. Meanwhile, I believe the US passed a law that makes it illegal to create mechanisms to bypass protections against copyright abuse. There are some exceptions and I think the law is not in force yet while some committee works out the details of those exceptions. But this law may be used now or later against any sort of Linux-based DVD viewer. We'll see what the future brings but I wouldn't bet on Linux DVD anytime soon (at least not in the US). You can read the original stories on sites like www.linuxtoday.com. --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: working ppp on 5.1, not on 6.0 (??)
At 05:29 PM 1/5/00 -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
something amiss. When in xterm I should be able to start (it worked before
I goofed) network config. by typing netcfg at the prompt. It doesnt happen.
I get errors that have something todo with python. I'll include them here,
but I am gonna hate typing all this in
errors follow:
File "/usr/lib/rhs/netcfg/netcfg.py", line 1943 in ? win =
I would be tempted to fire up RPM, identify the package owning this file,
and do a verify on it.
raise BadFile, 'Malformed /etc/hosts file'
Conf.BadFile: Malformed /etc/hosts/ file {well, these last
What is the format of these files? They should be something like:
[amead@hera amead]$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
192.168.0.1 hera.ipat.comhera
---
Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Institute for Personality and Ability Testing
1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA
217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f)
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as the Subject.
Patch: DVD and/or DVD+IDE updates (fwd)
This is from the kernel list. You guys have been talking about DVD's on Linux... right? -- Chuck Mead, CTO, MoonGroup Consulting, Inc. http://moongroup.com [EMAIL PROTECTED] Public key available at: wwwkeys.us.pgp.net 2:08am up 3 days, 21:37, 2 users, load average: 0.12, 0.22, 0.25 -- Forwarded message -- Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2000 23:26:46 -0500 From: Jens Axboe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Patch: DVD and/or DVD+IDE updates Hi, The DVD CSS / CD-ROM patches for 2.2 have been updated to 2.2.14. A version merged with the IDE updates is also available. CD-ROM / DVD updates only http://www.kernel.dk/dvd-cd-2.2.14-1.diff.bz2 CD-ROM / DVD + IDE http://www.kernel.dk/dvd-ide-2.2.14-1.diff.bz2 -- * Jens Axboe [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Linux CD-ROM Maintainer * http://www.kernel.dk - To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in the body of a message to [EMAIL PROTECTED] Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/ -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
readline error?
In certain programs (notably ftp [ftp-0.15-1] and ci [rcs-5.7-10]) on my RH 6.1 machine my backspace stops working as such: [amead@hera assess]$ ftp ftp.ipat.com Connected to conan.ipat.com. 220 conan.ipat.com FTP server (Version wu-2.5.0(1) Tue Jun 8 11:19:44 EDT 1999) ready. Name (ftp.ipat.com:amead): an^H^H^[[4~ the '^H' is from backspace and the '[[4~' is from delete. I only seem to be able to use ^U to erase backwards. I don't know much about terminals. Anyone solve this or can offer me a pointer? It almost seems like readline (or whatever these programs use) flips out. --- Alan D. Mead / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
kernel rpms
anyone know of a location to get an rpm of the 2.3 kernel? Jack Wallen, Jr. Editor in Chief of Linux Content www.techrepublic.com -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
change finger information
What is the command to change a users finger information ? thanks, zach -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Brain Cramp
Evening: Pardon my memory loss, but does anyone remember how to verify the integrity of an RPM? Also, what is the command to make sure that the RPMs I have installed have not been modified and are still their original files? Thanks. - Mike -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: change finger information
On Wed, Jan 05, 2000 at 07:34:31PM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: What is the command to change a users finger information ? chfn [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: change finger information
On Wed, Jan 05, 2000 at 07:34:31PM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: What is the command to change a users finger information ? userinfo lets them change some stuff. The rest is done by editing ~/.plan and ~/.project -- Steve Borho Voice: 314-615-6349 Network Engineer Celox Communications Corp Fortune of the day: It is not for me to attempt to fathom the inscrutable workings of Providence. -- The Earl of Birkenhead -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Brain Cramp
On Wed, Jan 05, 2000 at 08:41:29PM -0500, Michael J. McGillick wrote: Evening: Pardon my memory loss, but does anyone remember how to verify the integrity of an RPM? Also, what is the command to make sure that the RPMs I have installed have not been modified and are still their original files? man rpm rpm -Va will do the lot. [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Brain Cramp
is it rpm -V? i think. "Michael J. McGillick" wrote: Evening: Pardon my memory loss, but does anyone remember how to verify the integrity of an RPM? Also, what is the command to make sure that the RPMs I have installed have not been modified and are still their original files? Thanks. - Mike -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- Steve Dixon Dpn, Incorporated System Administrator Phone - 702.873.3282 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: kernel rpms
i dont think redhat makes development kernel rpms as they are, well, development kernels and people might see a rev level higher than they currently have, install them, and then cause negative press for redhat. not to mention the fact that userland utils (initscripts for one) need to be upgraded to accomadate the new kernel functionality. -adam On Wed, 5 Jan 2000, jack wallen jr wrote: anyone know of a location to get an rpm of the 2.3 kernel? Jack Wallen, Jr. Editor in Chief of Linux Content www.techrepublic.com -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Brain Cramp
On Wed, 5 Jan 2000, Michael J. McGillick wrote:
Evening:
Pardon my memory loss, but does anyone remember how to verify the
integrity of an RPM? Also, what is the command to make sure that the RPMs
I have installed have not been modified and are still their original
files?
$ rpm -V a {verifies all rpms in database}
$ rpm -V package{verifies specific package}
$ man rpm {for more info}
Carey
p.s.This assumes that the rpm database has not been corrupted.
==
Carey F. Cox, PhD | PHONE: (409) 880-8770
Assistant Professor | FAX: (409) 880-8121
Dept. of Mech. Eng. | EMAIL: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Lamar University | WEB: N/A
==
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Re: change finger information
Thanks :) zach -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: Getting a copy of RedHat 4.2 / InterBase open-source release
On Wed, Jan 05, 2000 at 08:27:04AM -0800, Chris Beaumont wrote: Hello, Does anyone know where I can download a copy of the RedHat 4.2 install images? (in other words, is there an archive somewhere of older RedHat releases.) I need it for a project I'm working on, the plan is to install it in a virtual machine running under VMware for Linux, and then install InterBase 4 on it. (FYI -in case anyone hasn't heard, Inprise/Borland's InterBase 6 is about to be open-sourced, which would make it the most full-featured free database available under Linux.) Basically my motivation is to get a jump on learning and using the InterBase SQL database before the open source release, -(Interbase 4, is already free, but only certified to run on RedHat 4.2) I've got the CheapBytes CDROM version of RH 4.1 sitting here, in case that would be of any help. I wonder if the distributors, such as CheapBytes, might still have some of the old ones lying around? Fred -- Fred Smith -- [EMAIL PROTECTED] The eyes of the Lord are everywhere, keeping watch on the wicked and the good. - Proverbs 15:3 (niv) - -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
wireless lan pcmcia
I'm looking for a wireless LAN pcmcia card that: 1) Has good integration in Linux (i.e. not too hard for me to install, I have enough problems in my life already) 2) Is cheap, like not thousands of dollars. I think my spending limit is $300 per card. 3) Works in the US 4) Isn't bulky -- like it plugs straight into the PCMCIA slot, and not much more. Those silly antennae are okay if they're not more than a couple of inches large. 5) Doesn't need an NT server at the server end. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: wireless lan pcmcia
I sell the Breezecom PCMCIA wireless cards and they say they will work with Linux. They are around that kind of money. Scott Skrogstad Computer Integration Inc -Original Message- From: Piet Barber [SMTP:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, January 05, 2000 7:59 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject:wireless lan pcmcia I'm looking for a wireless LAN pcmcia card that: 1) Has good integration in Linux (i.e. not too hard for me to install, I have enough problems in my life already) 2) Is cheap, like not thousands of dollars. I think my spending limit is $300 per card. 3) Works in the US 4) Isn't bulky -- like it plugs straight into the PCMCIA slot, and not much more. Those silly antennae are okay if they're not more than a couple of inches large. 5) Doesn't need an NT server at the server end. -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject. application/ms-tnef
disaster -- messed up xconfig file -- blank screen now
Here's what I tried to do. Being an avid reader of this list-group, I took the advice of some source to change my display to "1024x768" by editing /etc/X11/XF86Config by hand and changing the mode subsection of the "Screen" section to that number... well, it didn't work. On top of that. My system automatically boots up X at start. So now, whenever I go into Linux... black screen. Heeelp! -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: disaster -- messed up xconfig file -- blank screen now
If you have a Linux boot disk, use that. Otherwise, you could try telnetting into your machine across the network. Remember that you can use su -l to change from a regular user to root. Once you're in, edit /etc/inittab to start runlevel 3 by default. Look for something like id:5:initdefault and change the 5 to a 3. Then you should be able to restart and see a shell login again. Next, you can probably just run Xconfigurator from the console as root - it will walk you through the setup, and will probably probe your video card, ram and mouse without any work on your part. That's probably the easiest thing to do. -Jeff Daniel Goldin wrote: Here's what I tried to do. Being an avid reader of this list-group, I took the advice of some source to change my display to "1024x768" by editing /etc/X11/XF86Config by hand and changing the mode subsection of the "Screen" section to that number... well, it didn't work. On top of that. My system automatically boots up X at start. So now, whenever I go into Linux... black screen. Heeelp! -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: disaster -- messed up xconfig file -- blank screen now
Daniel Goldin wrote: Here's what I tried to do. Being an avid reader of this list-group, I took the advice of some source to change my display to "1024x768" by editing /etc/X11/XF86Config by hand and changing the mode subsection of the "Screen" section to that number... well, it didn't work. On top of that. My system automatically boots up X at start. So now, whenever I go into Linux... black screen. If you use lilo, boot with the keyword "single": lilo: linux single or if your boot image is called "fredmertz": lilo: fredmertz single That will get you to a command prompt. Then edit XF86config. If you have more than one mode in your screen section you can use CtrlAlt+ or CtrlAlt- to switch between resolutions -- this might work. -W- -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
RE: How to have a caching nameserver with a local hosts file?
On Thu, 6 Jan 2000, Juha Saarinen wrote: This sounds like you want to do "split DNS" -- that is, have BIND provide resolution for your internal LAN, as well as to the rest of the world. It can be done with some difficulty, as BIND 8.x isn't designed to handle this kind of situation. You basically need to run two separate instances of BIND... No you don't. You just need to create a second zone, and enter the particulars in /etc/named.conf. You can multiple zones served by the same daemon. I think what the guy wanted was a step-by-step in creating a second set of zone files. :) -- Todd A. Jacobs Network Systems Engineer -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
Re: disaster -- messed up xconfig file -- blank screen now
On Wed, 5 Jan 2000, Daniel Goldin wrote: the "Screen" section to that number... well, it didn't work. On top of that. My system automatically boots up X at start. So now, whenever I go into Linux... black screen. Type 'linux single' at the lilo prompt, and rerun Xconfigurator. -- Todd A. Jacobs Network Systems Engineer -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
IP Masquerading with modem and DIALD
I'm semi-new to Linux and I have been trying to setup my Linux box to do IP masquerading for my home network. Read quite a few howtos over the last few days. The two machines that I currently have configured can ping each other. The client box can see both the ethernet card and the statically assigned ip address given to me by my ISP. I am running RedHat 6.0 with ipchains-1.3.9-3 and have built my modules as specified in the HOWTOs. There doesn't seem to be an ip_masq.o file anywhere on my box. Don't know if that is normal but it doesn't look it. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thank you. When I do a depmod -a I get the following messages: /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_cuseeme.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_vdolive.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_quake.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_raudio.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_irc.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_ftp.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_user.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_mfw.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_portfw.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/ipv4/ip_masq_autofw.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/misc/ip_masq_portfw.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/misc/ip_masq_mfw.o: unresolved symbol(s) /lib/modules/2.2.7/misc/ip_masq_autofw.o: unresolved symbol(s) My kernel config is: CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL=y CONFIG_M686=y CONFIG_X86_WP_WORKS_OK=y CONFIG_X86_INVLPG=y CONFIG_X86_BSWAP=y CONFIG_X86_POPAD_OK=y CONFIG_X86_TSC=y CONFIG_X86_GOOD_APIC=y CONFIG_MTRR=y CONFIG_MODULES=y CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y CONFIG_KMOD=y CONFIG_NET=y CONFIG_PCI=y CONFIG_PCI_GOANY=y CONFIG_PCI_BIOS=y CONFIG_PCI_DIRECT=y CONFIG_PCI_QUIRKS=y CONFIG_PCI_OLD_PROC=y CONFIG_SYSVIPC=y CONFIG_SYSCTL=y CONFIG_BINFMT_AOUT=y CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF=y CONFIG_PARPORT=y CONFIG_PARPORT_PC=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDE=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDEDISK=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDECD=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDETAPE=m CONFIG_BLK_DEV_CMD640=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RZ1000=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDEPCI=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDEDMA=y CONFIG_IDEDMA_AUTO=y CONFIG_PARIDE_PARPORT=y CONFIG_PACKET=y CONFIG_NETLINK=y CONFIG_NETLINK_DEV=y CONFIG_FIREWALL=y # Added 01/05/2000 --- MEW CONFIG_NET_ALIAS=y CONFIG_IP_FORWARD=y CONFIG_IP_FIREWALL_VERBOSE=y CONFIG_IP_ACCT=y # End --- MEW CONFIG_FILTER=y CONFIG_UNIX=y CONFIG_INET=y CONFIG_IP_MULTICAST=y CONFIG_IP_FIREWALL=y CONFIG_IP_FIREWALL_NETLINK=y CONFIG_NETLINK_DEV=y CONFIG_IP_ALWAYS_DEFRAG=y # CONFIG_IP_TRANSPARENT_PROXY is not set CONFIG_IP_MASQUERADE=y CONFIG_IP_MASQUERADE_ICMP=y CONFIG_IP_MASQUERADE_MOD=y # CONFIG_IP_MASQUERADE_IPAUTOFW is not set CONFIG_IP_MASQUERADE_IPPORTFW=y # CONFIG_IP_MASQUERADE_MFW is not set CONFIG_IP_ROUTER=y # CONFIG_NET_IPIP is not set # CONFIG_NET_IPGRE is not set # CONFIG_IP_MROUTE is not set # Set IP_ALIAS to yes 01/05/2000 --- MEW CONFIG_IP_ALIAS=y CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES=y # CONFIG_INET_RARP is not set CONFIG_SKB_LARGE=y CONFIG_SCSI=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD=y CONFIG_SCSI_CONSTANTS=y CONFIG_SCSI_PPA=m CONFIG_NETDEVICES=y CONFIG_DUMMY=y CONFIG_NET_ETHERNET=y CONFIG_NET_VENDOR_3COM=y CONFIG_VORTEX=m CONFIG_NET_EISA=y CONFIG_EEXPRESS_PRO100=y CONFIG_PPP=y CONFIG_SLIP=y CONFIG_SLIP_COMPRESSED=y CONFIG_SLIP_SMART=y CONFIG_VT=y CONFIG_VT_CONSOLE=y CONFIG_SERIAL=y CONFIG_UNIX98_PTYS=y CONFIG_UNIX98_PTY_COUNT=256 CONFIG_PRINTER=m CONFIG_PRINTER_READBACK=y CONFIG_MOUSE=y CONFIG_PSMOUSE=y CONFIG_QIC02_TAPE=m CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS=y CONFIG_FAT_FS=y CONFIG_VFAT_FS=y CONFIG_ISO9660_FS=y CONFIG_JOLIET=y CONFIG_NTFS_FS=y CONFIG_PROC_FS=y CONFIG_DEVPTS_FS=y CONFIG_EXT2_FS=y CONFIG_SMB_FS=y CONFIG_NLS=y CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_437=y CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_1=y CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE=y CONFIG_VIDEO_SELECT=y CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ=y -- Mary-Jo E. Winder -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.
