RE: EM VoIP Problem [7:74717]
Sounds like problems initiating on the remote site or the reception of the session onthis site. Start debugging on remote site, pls show us the output. Show call/pots/dial- Any number expansion/wildcard issues? debug call rsvp-sync events Martijn -Oorspronkelijk bericht- Van: lost in space [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Verzonden: woensdag 3 september 2003 18:03 Aan: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Onderwerp: EM VoIP Problem [7:74717] Dear Experts, I am having this problem with EM VoIP. We are using an EM PABX operating with 4 wire and using immediate signalling. The network are connected via 2 Mbps Leased Line. I can make voice calls from my site to remote site, however when i asked someone from the remote site to call the other way around he get busy tones all the time eventough the extension were actually not bust at that time. The strange thing is that the remote site can make voice call to my site only to 2 extension (300 and 400), but when they dial another extension ex: 363, or 369 they get busy tones all the time. the dial-peer configuration on the remote router are like this dial-peer voice 1 pots destination-pattern +... port 1/0/0 dial-peer voice 1 pots destination-pattern +... port 1/0/1 dial-peer voice 3 voip destination-pattern +3.. session target ipv4:172.23.1.34(ip address of router's serial interface at my site). dial-peer voice 4 voip destination-pattern +4.. session target ipv4:172.23.1.34 (ip address of router's serial interface at my site). Is it the wiring arrangement problem? i already set up the wiring arrangement based on a reference i got from CCO. Is it a timeouts parameter problem? or Is it the EM PABX problem? Like always, the PABX technician feel that he has done everything correctly. I am also confident that i have done the configuration correctly. Anyone has similar experience? Any idea would be greaty appreciated. Thanks in advance. RD **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75160t=74717 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Basic IP CEF question (again) [7:75161]
The history: Author: Zsombor Papp (---.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net) Date: 09-08-03 14:47 It means that's the router's own IP address. Thanks, Zsombor Curious wrote: Hello dear friends, I would like to know the meaning of the keyword receive that I can see when I execute a show ip cef command: For example: show ip cef Prefix Next Hop Interface 10.64.15.224/32 receive What means that the next-hop is receive. More details: ROUTER#sh ip route 10.64.15.224 Routing entry for 10.64.15.224/28 Known via connected, distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface) Redistributing via ospf 10 Advertised by ospf 10 subnets Routing Descriptor Blocks: * directly connected, via FastEthernet4/1/0.30 Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1 Any comments?? Bye and Thx My comments: Hello Zsombor, I can see IP addresses that doesn't belong to the router, for example: Router#sh ip cef | include 10.224.0.51 10.224.0.51/32 receive But the IP address of the router in the subnet is: 10.224.0.49 The subnet is: 10.224.0.48/30 So the IP address 10.224.0.51 is the broadcast address of the router in the network, but not the IP owned by the router. What do you think?? Thx a lot. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75161t=75161 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: PIX PDM [7:74758]
I have experienced by using PDM to configure VPN is unstable. Everytime I try to modify the particular VPN connection. All of the connection will be disconnected. In addition, everytime if you have changed the configuration in PDM, you must remember to save it manually, otherwise reboot will erase all of the config. Finally, before you make any change within PDM, you should download the latest version configuration from PIX. Otherwise, you will erase the running config. Philip Gary Leong wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Our security group is recommending not to use PDM to configure our Pix firewalls. They did not give any reason for their recommendation. Does anyone know why PDM should not be used? __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75162t=74758 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
page 58, Interconnections, 2e Algorhyme I think that I shall never see A graph more lovely than a tree. A tree whose crucial property Is loop-free connectivity. A tree that must be sure to span So packets can reach every LAN. Firest, the root must be selected. By ID, it is elected. Least-cost paths from root are traced. In the tree, these paths are placed. A mesh is made by folks like me, Then bridges find a spanning tree. --Radia Perlman Tom Lisa wrote: Priscilla, Didn't Radia write a poem that starts something like I have never seen a tree as lovely as a spanning tree? BTW, is it still possible to get a free copy of 802.1s w. I looked on the IEEE site but couldn't find them. Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Get a copy of Cisco LAN Switching by Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton. It's right up there with Doyle as one of the best networking books ever written. It makes switching fun again! ;-) It's well written, technicaly accurate and interesting, and it doesn't just throw the latest marketing trends at you with no explanation of their history, like some switching material does. Also, CertificationZone has some good articles and study materials for switching. By the way, switching isn't as dull as it might seem. The spanning tree algorithm can be quite interesting to study. And there are enhancements to it now like 802.1s (multiple spanning trees) and 802.1w (rapid spanning tree protocol). Good luck! Priscilla Oppenheimer Nakul Malik wrote: Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75163t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Nakul Malik wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75165t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
No offense, but this is CCNA material. If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75164t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
BLIMEY !!! this is getting a little heated L+G`s . i personally believe that when i got my CCNA if i had been asked to configure BGP (even Basic) on an internet connecting router for a small-medium sized company...i would have run away screaming... Ask yourselfs this there are three grade`s of Certifications at cisco Associate Profesisional Expert from a company manager`s point-of-view (no offence fred) Whom would you prefer be touching your internet facing router ... yes i am aware that to most of us they don`t mean tuppence (i.e howard/pris) but the plan truth is people NOT in the know rely on the badges From: Howard C. Berkowitz Reply-To: Howard C. Berkowitz To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Date: Wed, 10 Sep 2003 03:36:57 GMT At 11:32 PM + 9/9/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Dom wrote: And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Default routing. Wouldn't we all be better off if CCNAs would stay away from BGP?? :-) Priscilla When fingerpointing in quite a number of external connectivity problems, I have often found de fault is due to the lack of default. Cisco hardly helps this by discriminating against static and default routes in the CCIE lab. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html _ Tired of 56k? Get a FREE BT Broadband connection http://www.msn.co.uk/specials/btbroadband Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75166t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Fred, OSPF was just moved into the CCNA 3.0 Acad. which is JUST being released now. I wish we would have coverd that, and other things you mention. Steve Reimer, Fred wrote: May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:33 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75169t=75050 -- **Please
RE: Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065]
Or alternatively try different bit rates, some of them behave that way :) HTH Vikram -Original Message- From: Daniel Cotts [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 2:55 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065] Verify that you don't have Scroll Lock enabled on your keyboard. -Original Message- From: Johan Bornman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 9:24 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065] I don't get any response when configuring a 2500 series router (no key strokes) through Hyper Terminal, 3 2500's doing the same thing. When I restart the router by resetting it I can see the boot process fine. Any ideas? Thanks in advance. This e-mail may contain confidential information and may be legally privileged and is intended only for the person to whom it is addressed. If you are not the intended recipient, you are notified that you may not use, distribute or copy this document in any manner whatsoever. Kindly also notify the sender immediately by telephone, and delete the e-mail. When addressed to clients of the company from where this e-mail originates (the sending company ) any opinion or advice contained in this e-mail is subject to the terms and conditions expressed in any applicable terms of business or client engagement letter . The sending company does not accept liability for any damage, loss or expense arising from this e-mail and/or from the accessing of any files attached to this e-mail. At present, the integrity of e-mail across the Internet cannot be guaranteed and messages sent via this medium are potentially at risk. The recipient should scan any attached files for viruses. All liability arising as a result of the use of this medium to transmit information by or to e-Innovation is excluded to the extent permitted by law. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75167t=75065 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
No sorry I know that peom, no spanning in there at all. LoL Steve Tom Lisa wrote: Priscilla, Didn't Radia write a poem that starts something like I have never seen a tree as lovely as a spanning tree? BTW, is it still possible to get a free copy of 802.1s w. I looked on the IEEE site but couldn't find them. Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Get a copy of Cisco LAN Switching by Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton. It's right up there with Doyle as one of the best networking books ever written. It makes switching fun again! ;-) It's well written, technicaly accurate and interesting, and it doesn't just throw the latest marketing trends at you with no explanation of their history, like some switching material does. Also, CertificationZone has some good articles and study materials for switching. By the way, switching isn't as dull as it might seem. The spanning tree algorithm can be quite interesting to study. And there are enhancements to it now like 802.1s (multiple spanning trees) and 802.1w (rapid spanning tree protocol). Good luck! Priscilla Oppenheimer Nakul Malik wrote: Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75168t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Hi there, There is a great link for al this you should check out: http://www.3com.com/other/pdfs/infra/corpinfo/en_US/501302.pdf Cheers, Kenan Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75174t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Here's a great resource: pad http://www.nanog.org/isp.html#cidr scroll down to CIDR and download Understanding IP Addressing: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know by Chuck Semeria Looking at your specific problem - think in powers of two. 400 nodes is greater than 256 but less than 512. Use /23 out of your allocation. 200 is less than 256 so use a /24. 50 is greater than 32 and less than 64 so use a /26 for each. The serial links each need a /30. Probably best to take the last /28 from the allocation and break it down into four /30s. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 7:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75171t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75173]
From what you say, I think you have it, but I'm not sure. Starting from the
bottom of a /24 subnet (Class C), you could have a /26 subnet, then two /27
subnets, then four /28 subnets, and finally another /26 subnet. Or you
could have two /28 subnets, one /27 subnet, one /26 subnet, followed by a
/25 subnet. The combination, and order, does not really matter, as long as
no IP addresses within the subnets overlap.
For instance, you couldn't have a /26 (64 addresses) followed by a /25 (128
addresses), followed by a /26 (64 addresses). Why? Because there can't be
any overlaps. The 64 would start at .0 and go to .63. The 128 would
start... Where? It can't start at .64, because that's in the middle of say
192.168.24.0/25 (which is 192.168.24.0-192.168.24.127). It would need to
start at .0 or .128. If it started at .128 then it would extend to .255, in
which case there wouldn't be room for the last /26 subnet. So, you re-order
them and use either a /26, /26, and /25, or /25, /26, and /26.
Remember, the whole classful/classless thing is routing protocol specific.
It has nothing to do with how hosts view IP addresses, or make routing
decisions (meaning whether to send it to a router or if the address is
local). The source code for a TCP/IP stack may look something like this:
# Assuming addresses/masks are 32-bit numbers, not dotted decimal
# string representations of addresses/masks.
# $ip_src is the IP address of the outgoing interface on the host
# $ip_dst is the IP address of the destination
# $ip_mask is the subnet mask on the outgoing interface
# $ip_gateway is the IP address of the default gateway
# check to see if destination address is in same subnet as our interface
if (($ip_src $ip_mask) == ($ip_dst $ip_mask)) {
# send directly to destination, possibly arping out first
} else {
# send to default gateway, $ip_gateway,
# possibly arping out first
}
There would obviously be more logic in there as you may have more than one
route and not a single default gateway, but the important point is that it
does not matter about the classfulness or classlessness of the subnet
mask. The host doesn't give a hoot. As long as the source and the
destination both agree whether they are in the same subnet or not everything
works fine. If they don't, you may need some ancient hack like proxy ARP,
but I don't know anyone in their right mind that would recommend
purposefully MIS-configuring a network so that it is required.
Fred Reimer - CCNA
Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338
Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050
NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which
may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s).
If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please
notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named
recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print
or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer.
-Original Message-
From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:21 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out
[7:75087]
I was stuck on the idea that you could ONLY re subnet a remaining piece
of a subnetwork. And not apply a mask to the whole span of the total
available network. You can (unless I'm incorrect here) you just have to
watch out for address over lap neer your subnetwork boundries.
I think I got it.
Man I love this news group!
Steve
Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote:
Reimer, Fred wrote:
No offense, but this is CCNA material.
Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing
that's
hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a
classful
system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't
something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking
Academy books teach it from the start now.)
Priscilla
If you are going for
your CCNP, then
you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But
anyway...
If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would
have a /23
mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign
it to that:
192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255)
Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within
a /24 subnet,
so assign the next available to that:
192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255)
Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original
192.168.24.0/23
(which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two
50's, so that
should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them:
192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63)
192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191)
Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each,
which would
fit within /30 subnets. So assign:
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I get the same results as Marko, but this may lay it out so you (and others) can see the development: IP address = 32 bits Network portion = 22 bits Host portion = 10 bits Total addresses for host portion = 2^10 = 1024 Start with 192.168.24.0/22 Focus on the 3rd octet (network_host): 000110_00 400 hosts requires 9 bits (2^8 = 256, 2^9 = 512) and you will have some left in this block divide the /22 into two blocks of 512 addresses each: 0001100_0 (.24/23) and 000_0 (.26/23) use .24/23 for the 400-host network 200 hosts requires 8 bits (2^7 = 128, 2^8 = 256) and there will be some left in this block, too divide the .26/25 into 2 blocks of 256 addresses each: 0000 (.26/24) and 0001 (.27/24) use .26/24 for the 200-host network 50 hosts requires 6 bits (2^5 = 32, 2^6 = 64) and you will again have some leftovers divide the .27/24 into 4 blocks of 64 addresses each now looking at the 4th octet: 00_00 (.0/26), 01_00 (.64/26), 10_00 (.128/26), and 11_00 (.192/26) use the first two for the 50-host networks and the rest is easy My personal rule is to always start with the biggest blocks and work down from there. HTH Annlee Steven Aiello wrote: I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75172t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
New Voice chat system for GroupStudy.com [7:75175]
We have installed a new voice chat system on GroupStudy. Go to chat.groupstudy.com for more information. You will be able to make private and moderated rooms for informal lectures or discussions. Take care, Paul Borghese Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75175t=75175 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
I implemented a solution of What's Up Gold with MRTG integrated into it (it gives the same feel as Cisco Works Network Node Manager). WUG is about $800, and MRTG is free. It was a solid management solution for my former company for about 4 years. --- Nigel Taylor wrote: Steven, There's a great little program on SourceForge that's growing in popularity and IMHO is going to become a great NMS tool. It Integrates Syslog, Tacacs, RRDtool (Performance Graphs), Maps, Traps, TFTP, Autodiscovery, Sound Alerts, AAA, Modular and Extensible.It uses a database backend to store all the data as well (good for trend analysis). The documentation is pretty good and if you have/know how unix it's pretty easy to get up and running. There is also a windoze port for the non-*nix folks. http://sourceforge.net/projects/jffnms/ HTH Nigel -- Original Message - From: John Neiberger To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:44 PM Subject: Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081] Steven Aiello 9/9/03 11:18:51 AM Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve Wouldn't it _have_ to be free if your budget is nil? ;-) You might want to check out MRTG and WhatsUp Gold: http://mrtg.hdl.com/mrtg.html http://www.ipswitch.com/products/WhatsUp/index.html HTH, John **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75178t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: One PIX, two ISP's, two statics for hosts [7:74739]
I meant different interfaces ... Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75177t=74739 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: One PIX, two ISP's, two statics for hosts [7:74739]
Are both ISPs on the same PIX interface? If so there will be no problem with the multiple STATIC commands. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75176t=74739 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Upgrading ROMMON on 2948G [7:75179]
Has anyone ever upgraded the ROMMON on a 2948G. I am finding docs on upgrading the IOS but not the Rom Monitor. Which I need to do before I can put on the most recent IOS. TIA BC Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75179t=75179 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019]
Hi, guys: Why not consider 2523 i/o 2522 ? In the hardware spec, Cisco 2523 is the same as 2522, all the difference is 2523 is Token-Ring based, In eBay, you could find out that R2523 is cheaper than R2522, For the cost issues, I would suggest the 2523. If the cost/price is not the issues, maybe you could consider 4500/4700M+ with NP-4Ts, 4500/4700 has more horsepower than 2522/2523... Wilson - Original Message - From: Devraj, Prem To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 5:49 PM Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi Larry, I want to connect 8 port for a LAB Scenario which I have. I was thinking of buying a 2522, I was just wondering if anyone has any better ideas then buying this 2522 Thanks prem -Original Message- From: Larry Letterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 2003 9 9 14:27 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] You can use the routers back to back with the v.35 cables..CCO has A write-up on back-back frame connections..or buy an 8 port serial Router... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Devraj, Prem Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 8:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi All, I am trying to setup a Lab for my CCIE. I do not have a Frame relay switch. And it seems to expensive to buy one. Does anyone have any ideas for a cheaper version of a Frame relay switch. My requirement is atleast 8 ports. A friend of mine told me it is possible to use a ordinary switch (I have tones of them) and use that as a Tunnel for Frame relay encapsulation. Any ideas or suggestions will be welcomed. Thanks prem *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html This email has been scanned for all viruses by the MessageLabs Email Security System. For more information on a proactive email security service working around the clock, around the globe, visit http://www.messagelabs.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75170t=75019 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
ATM switch configuration. [7:75137]
Hi all, Can somebody point me to the location where I can copy paste the base ATM switch configuration to be used in the labs like Ipexpert? Since I am not as familiar as FR switch, all I need is to have very basic connectivity from ATM router having 1 or 2 PVCs. Thanks, Rajesh Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75137t=75137 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
No reason to be sorry! I'm all for vigorous discussion ;-)
No BGP in the NA because we are talking about SMALL to medium business.
Yes, they should know about how to connect up to the Internet, using a
default route, etc. But you are not going to find that many ISPs, if any,
that are willing to setup a BGP peer with a store-front business with a 16
address space public network (or even granted they are given a /24 public
subnet). If you find any, let me know!
That's why I say EGP for NP. A medium to large business certainly may need
EGP expertise.
And I suppose that's a slight difference in the way people think about the
different certification levels. When I say RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF should be
requirements for a NA I mean the candidates should be }experts{ in those
protocols. Not just having a passing understanding, have read about it in a
book once, or used some study guide to rote-memorize answers to common
questions.
So, on the one hand I think the standards should be tougher, requiring
expert level knowledge for the IGP's, and on the other I don't think a NA
needs to know anything about EGP's.
Fred Reimer - CCNA
Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338
Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050
NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which
may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s).
If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please
notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named
recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print
or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer.
-Original Message-
From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 6:59 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; 'Reimer, Fred'; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no
EG(P) protocol?
A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the
outside world - when to use BGP and when not to.
Sorry Fred, not having a go at you personally, but these are points we
all need to think about.
Best regards,
Dom Stocqueler
SysDom Technologies
Visit our website - www.sysdom.org
-Original Message-
From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: 09 September 2003 23:37
To: 'Reimer, Fred'; '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary
Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but
to the best of my knowledge no one else has.
Best regards,
Dom Stocqueler
SysDom Technologies
Visit our website - www.sysdom.org
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of
Reimer, Fred
Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current
expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my
definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not
like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make
it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing
protocol folks.
Fred Reimer - CCNA
Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338
Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050
NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information
which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named
recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the
email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are
not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose,
distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately
delete it from your computer.
-Original Message-
From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Reimer, Fred wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my
view,
a
NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to
medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO,
would be
for
advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a
mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including
minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with
extensive IS-IS, BGP
using
all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks.
May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR
you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be
responsible for configuring them.
with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is
RE: IPSEC with STATIC NAT [7:74971]
Perhaps there is some confusion. NAT Traversal is required if there is any NAT in between the endpoints of the IPsec connection. It has nothing to do with NAT of devices behind a router that has IPsec configured. Or maybe I'm mis-interpreting. If so, correct me! Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: bk [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 7:26 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: IPSEC with STATIC NAT [7:74971] I just ran into this. I have a 2610 that is terminating a tunnel between itself and a pix... but I also have three email servers behind this router that need to be statically nat'd. Here is the config that this guy from cisco (wicked smart) helped me figure out: hostname Phoenix_Colo crypto isakmp policy 10 hash md5 authentication pre-share crypto isakmp key *** address 12.x.x.132 ! crypto ipsec transform-set ch2stl esp-3des esp-md5-hmac ! crypto map nolan 10 ipsec-isakmp set peer 12.x.x.132 set transform-set ch2stl match address vpn_tunnel interface Loopback0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 209.x.x.6 255.255.255.252 ip nat outside half-duplex crypto map nolan ! interface Ethernet1/0 ip address 172.16.254.254 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ip policy route-map static_servers_bypass_NAT ! ip nat inside source static 172.16.254.34 209.145.140.180 ip nat inside source static 172.16.254.35 209.145.140.181 ip nat inside source static 172.16.254.38 209.145.140.182 ! ip access-list extended vpn_tunnel permit ip 172.16.254.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 access-list 120 permit ip 172.16.254.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 ! route-map static_servers_bypass_NAT permit 10 match ip address 120 set ip next-hop 1.1.1.2 ! Phoenix_Colo# Reimer, Fred wrote: You do need NAT traversal if you only change the IP addresses. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Raj [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 11:14 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: IPSEC with STATIC NAT [7:74971] Hey There I am working on a solution for IPsec using vpn concentrator and VPN hardware clients(PIX). The PIX outside has a public address and the only NAT taking place is at the edge router and the vpn concentrator sits behind this router. The router does a static public-to-private IP nat and i dont think I would need NAT traversal since it's not changing any ports..only changing IP's. Please let me know if there is anything I would need to do on the edge router doing the static NAT. I've heard that for STATIC nat to work with IPSEC, you need to adhere to certain standards. Thx to everybody in advance. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75182t=74971 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Yes! Even I would not feel comfortable configuring BGP in a production environment yet, and although I don't have my CCNP yet, I did pass the routing and switching tests. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 7:32 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Dom wrote: And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Default routing. Wouldn't we all be better off if CCNAs would stay away from BGP?? :-) Priscilla Sorry Fred, not having a go at you personally, but these are points we all need to think about. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 09 September 2003 23:37 To: 'Reimer, Fred'; '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but to the best of my knowledge no one else has. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certificati on_t ype_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
True. The primary reasons would be that Cisco is the market leader, especially in SMB, and 2nd would be that while proprietary, the workings of the protocol certainly are not. It is well-documented. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 6:37 PM To: 'Reimer, Fred'; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but to the best of my knowledge no one else has. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certificati on_t ype_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly upping the ante, and I wish Cisco would get clear as to what skill sets are appropriate at what certification level. Cisco tends to be all over the map on this, and has been the netire time I have been playing at certification. But in general, I believe the idea is that CCxA is beginner, CCxP is intermediate, and CCIE is high level. as with all things certification related, YMMV. I've known CCNA's who manage large networks, and I've known CCIE's whose knowledge of certain specific areas was less than expert. As can be expected, depending on experience, job, place of employment, years in the field, etc. Chuck Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Yes, but the CCIE labs are supposed to be for ISP level engineers, who almost certainly won't be using default routes most of the time. It should be assumed that by the time you get to the CCIE level you have much experience in default routing. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Howard C. Berkowitz [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 11:37 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] At 11:32 PM + 9/9/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Dom wrote: And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Default routing. Wouldn't we all be better off if CCNAs would stay away from BGP?? :-) Priscilla When fingerpointing in quite a number of external connectivity problems, I have often found de fault is due to the lack of default. Cisco hardly helps this by discriminating against static and default routes in the CCIE lab. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75184t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Cisco PVST plus [7:75158]
That is correct. Or at least it can only support one VLAN in common with the Cisco gear. It can have all the VLANs it wants as long as it does not have dual links to the Cisco gear, creating a loop which will not be blocked with Spanning Tree, because it doesn't support PVST+. BTW - what are Hwa Wei switches? Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Han Chuan Alex Ang [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 12:20 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Cisco PVST plus [7:75158] hi, I am wondering what is the implication if I have a network whereby Cisco Per Vlan Spanning Tree is implemented with PVST plus and I plug in a external switch such as the Hwa Wei switch that doesn't seem to support PVST. does it mean that I could only have one vlan on the hwa wei switches itself. thank **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75186t=75158 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I've always liked hex myself. A hex mask of FF.FF.F8.00 can be written as F800 and still mean the same thing. You obviously can't do that with 255.255.128.0 (255.255.128.0 != 2,552,551,280). While binary works the same way as hex in this manner, it is much to long for my tastes. Plus, hex is used a lot in programming languages when using values in bitmasks, so I'm more familiar with it. Also, there are only 5 hex numbers that you need to memorize for masks, F 0 8 C and E. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Howard C. Berkowitz [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 11:32 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] At 10:36 PM + 9/9/03, Dom wrote: Fred, check out the archives for Howard's piece on the difference between 'Rocket Science' and 'BGP' when at NASA. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org Seriously, I've fought a battle for many years with Cisco Training. I believe the fundamental problem they _create_ is insisting on teaching classful and dotted decimal notation first. When I've given private classes -- ICRC, the older RSC, etc. -- I always began discussing addressing in binary, got people used to the idea of prefix length, then introduced dotted decimal as a means of representation, and then introduced classful addressing as a historic concept. Students were always able to go right into classless routing without any trouble. There are some nice examples in RFC 1878. RFCs 1517-1520 give the main background, although there are some earlier papers on supernetting. With all mercenary disclaimers, I also recommend my book, _Designing Addressing Architectures for Routing and Switching_, and my recent IPv4/IPv6 tutorial on Certification Zone. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75185t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Oh, it's just getting fun. It's not like we are flaming anyone. We are just expressing our opinions! ;-) I'd agree with you. No BGP for NA's. And as far as who I'd want touching my Internet facing router, it would depend on what type of business it was. If it was a small business, where all they need is a default router that is propagated, I sure as heck would think that an NA would be able to handle that. If it was a large business with say a semi-extensive private WAN with multiple entries into the Internet, I'd definitely prefer at least a NP. If it was a company with dual ISP routing that incorporated BGP, then a NP might be able to handle it, but I would definitely prefer an IE. For ISP's, anyone that would even think of touching the backbone routers I would hope would be IE level, if not certified. It's the experience that counts to me, not necessarily the cert level. Heck, I only have my CCNA so far, but I'd hazard to guess that I have more practical experience than a certain double CCIE that I know. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Stephen Skinner [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 6:33 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] BLIMEY !!! this is getting a little heated L+G`s . i personally believe that when i got my CCNA if i had been asked to configure BGP (even Basic) on an internet connecting router for a small-medium sized company...i would have run away screaming... Ask yourselfs this there are three grade`s of Certifications at cisco Associate Profesisional Expert from a company manager`s point-of-view (no offence fred) Whom would you prefer be touching your internet facing router ... yes i am aware that to most of us they don`t mean tuppence (i.e howard/pris) but the plan truth is people NOT in the know rely on the badges From: Howard C. Berkowitz Reply-To: Howard C. Berkowitz To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Date: Wed, 10 Sep 2003 03:36:57 GMT At 11:32 PM + 9/9/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Dom wrote: And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Default routing. Wouldn't we all be better off if CCNAs would stay away from BGP?? :-) Priscilla When fingerpointing in quite a number of external connectivity problems, I have often found de fault is due to the lack of default. Cisco hardly helps this by discriminating against static and default routes in the CCIE lab. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html _ Tired of 56k? Get a FREE BT Broadband connection http://www.msn.co.uk/specials/btbroadband **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75188t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Basic IP CEF question (again) [7:75161]
Well, the accurate answer is that those are the packets that the router wants to receive (as opposed to switch), but I didn't think that this would be a lot of help. :) You do recognize the common theme across own IP address and broadcast of local net, don't you? Thanks, Zsombor My comments: Hello Zsombor, I can see IP addresses that doesn't belong to the router, for example: Router#sh ip cef | include 10.224.0.51 10.224.0.51/32 receive But the IP address of the router in the subnet is: 10.224.0.49 The subnet is: 10.224.0.48/30 So the IP address 10.224.0.51 is the broadcast address of the router in the network, but not the IP owned by the router. What do you think?? Thx a lot. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75190t=75161 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
At 11:40 AM -0400 9/10/03, Reimer, Fred wrote: I've always liked hex myself. A hex mask of FF.FF.F8.00 can be written as F800 and still mean the same thing. You obviously can't do that with 255.255.128.0 (255.255.128.0 != 2,552,551,280). While binary works the same way as hex in this manner, it is much to long for my tastes. Plus, hex is used a lot in programming languages when using values in bitmasks, so I'm more familiar with it. Also, there are only 5 hex numbers that you need to memorize for masks, F 0 8 C and E. Fred Reimer - CCNA I can live very easily with hex or binary. The problem is dotted decimal. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75194t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
At 11:34 AM -0400 9/10/03, Reimer, Fred wrote: Yes, but the CCIE labs are supposed to be for ISP level engineers, who almost certainly won't be using default routes most of the time. It should be assumed that by the time you get to the CCIE level you have much experience in default routing. First, ISP level engineers are going to configure default routes for customers, and, indeed, there often are default routes in POPs, or in smaller ISPs. Second, the combination of static default routes with multiple administrative distances can get quite complex. Third, I am more bothered by the lack of static routes than defaults. Complex static routes, with alternatives, are common for traffic engineering. Blackhole static routes are extensively used. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75193t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
DLSW+ filter [7:75192]
Hi, I need a little information for a DSLW+ configuration. I have configured two DLSW+ peers (router A and Router B), to connect two LANs (LAN A conneted to router A and LAN B connected to router B). The transport is TCP/IP. I need to configure a filter in router A which will permit pass to WAN only the packets with a particular destination NetBIOS name (a particular host in LAN B) from hosts in LAN A. I understand that I can use a netbios access-list but just to filter particular local hosts by Netbios name, but not by destination name. I tried to use access-expression but I think that it does not work with ethernet interfaces. Could you give me an advice? Thanks in advance Andris Cordoba - Yahoo! Messenger Nueva versioacute;n: Super Webcam, voz, caritas animadas, y maacute;s #161;Gratis! Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75192t=75192 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Nakul Malik wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75195t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Exam #642-891 BSCI/BCMSN Composite Exam [7:74915]
Paul, What would you say are the new additions in this exam compared to the recently retired BSCI BCMSN exams. What are the extra topics one has to focus on? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75196t=74915 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
OT: Anyone use Solarwinds Orion? [7:75198]
I'm curious if anyone here uses or has used the Orion network monitoring software from Solarwinds. We currently use Network Node Manager but since we use it primarily for fault reporting and statistics gathering I'm toying with the idea of using a product more tailored to our needs. If you've used it before I'm curious about how it performed, how easy was it to understand and configure, was it reliable, etc. It looks like a pretty nifty product from what I can tell from their online demo, but looks can be deceiving. Thanks, John Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75198t=75198 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Reimer, Fred wrote: I've always liked hex myself. A hex mask of FF.FF.F8.00 can be written as F800 and still mean the same thing. You obviously can't do that with 255.255.128.0 (255.255.128.0 != 2,552,551,280). While binary works the same way as hex in this manner, it is much to long for my tastes. Plus, hex is used a lot in programming languages when using values in bitmasks, so I'm more familiar with it. Also, there are only 5 hex numbers that you need to memorize for masks, F 0 8 C and E. And binary is going to be pretty hard to deal with when we get to 128-bit IPv6 addresses!? Dotted decimal notation is really an awful thing. I agree with Howard that it confuses people and should be taught after the binary representation of addresses (and maybe hex?) Not only does dotted decimal notation confuse people with addresses, but it gets them thinking 8 bits at a time, when programming languages, protocol analyzers, debuggers, etc. think 4 bits at a time. Priscilla Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Howard C. Berkowitz [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 11:32 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] At 10:36 PM + 9/9/03, Dom wrote: Fred, check out the archives for Howard's piece on the difference between 'Rocket Science' and 'BGP' when at NASA. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org Seriously, I've fought a battle for many years with Cisco Training. I believe the fundamental problem they _create_ is insisting on teaching classful and dotted decimal notation first. When I've given private classes -- ICRC, the older RSC, etc. -- I always began discussing addressing in binary, got people used to the idea of prefix length, then introduced dotted decimal as a means of representation, and then introduced classful addressing as a historic concept. Students were always able to go right into classless routing without any trouble. There are some nice examples in RFC 1878. RFCs 1517-1520 give the main background, although there are some earlier papers on supernetting. With all mercenary disclaimers, I also recommend my book, _Designing Addressing Architectures for Routing and Switching_, and my recent IPv4/IPv6 tutorial on Certification Zone. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75199t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Funny thing about this is that most experts that I've dealt with working at major ISPs who do nothing but deal with BGP and routing daily still don't get the configurations right the first time. I've never had a BGP neighbor setup go smoothly (i.e. take less than 2 hours), and it was never a problem on my side of the configuration. So don't blame yourself if you don't get it right the first time. And don't be afraid of it... Most experts, in my experiences, still make mistakes with BGP. -Original Message- From: Reimer, Fred [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 11:26 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Yes! Even I would not feel comfortable configuring BGP in a production environment yet, and although I don't have my CCNP yet, I did pass the routing and switching tests. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 7:32 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Dom wrote: And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Default routing. Wouldn't we all be better off if CCNAs would stay away from BGP?? :-) Priscilla Sorry Fred, not having a go at you personally, but these are points we all need to think about. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 09 September 2003 23:37 To: 'Reimer, Fred'; '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but to the best of my knowledge no one else has. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I was more referring to core ISP routers than edge (and I've certainly never worked for an ISP before, so I'm going on my experience and knowledge of routing protocols to surmise [guess] at what would be reasonable or not). If you have ISP engineers configuring the ISP router that is at the customer premise, then yes I would concede that there are probably a lot of default static routes, if not being the majority. As far as non-default static routes with different AD's, then I would certainly agree with you. I've used them myself extensively in multiple customer WAN configurations. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Howard C. Berkowitz [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 12:57 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] At 11:34 AM -0400 9/10/03, Reimer, Fred wrote: Yes, but the CCIE labs are supposed to be for ISP level engineers, who almost certainly won't be using default routes most of the time. It should be assumed that by the time you get to the CCIE level you have much experience in default routing. First, ISP level engineers are going to configure default routes for customers, and, indeed, there often are default routes in POPs, or in smaller ISPs. Second, the combination of static default routes with multiple administrative distances can get quite complex. Third, I am more bothered by the lack of static routes than defaults. Complex static routes, with alternatives, are common for traffic engineering. Blackhole static routes are extensively used. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75202t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
At 5:32 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Reimer, Fred wrote: I've always liked hex myself. A hex mask of FF.FF.F8.00 can be written as F800 and still mean the same thing. You obviously can't do that with 255.255.128.0 (255.255.128.0 != 2,552,551,280). While binary works the same way as hex in this manner, it is much to long for my tastes. Plus, hex is used a lot in programming languages when using values in bitmasks, so I'm more familiar with it. Also, there are only 5 hex numbers that you need to memorize for masks, F 0 8 C and E. And binary is going to be pretty hard to deal with when we get to 128-bit IPv6 addresses!? Indeed, hex is the IPv6 convention except for some special cases like embedded IPv4 addresses. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75203t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Cisc SAFE Exam [7:75200]
Hello all, I'm planning on taking the SAFE exam to wrap up my CCSP soon...can anyone that has passed/taken this offer what they used as study guides?? TIA, FW Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75200t=75200 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75204t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: IP Subnet calc. [7:75085]
Hey Steve, I saw these url's posted on the CCNA forums http://www.joopdog.com/StudyGuides/CCNA/Subnetting_ToddLammlesWay.htm http://www.joopdog.com/StudyGuides/Downloads/subnet10.exe Hope this helps Chuck C Steven Aiello wrote: Any one know a good free subnet calc. After realizing how many break downs, and how many subnetworks you would have to figure for CIDR, I would rather not do it with pan and paper. Free is good, for the calc. cost. Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75205t=75085 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Cisco Secure service stops for no reason.. [7:75189]
ACS will show messages like that when it backs up the database. It pauses, or interupts services to perform the backup. Normally the services should pick right back up very quickly, but if it doesn't for some reason, you will have to manually restart services. The same thing happened once with the ACS system I administer. So you might want to check into if there is a correlation between when this happens and when backups occur. -Aaron Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75206t=75189 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
BGP vs CCNP (For Fred R) [7:75207]
Fred R. You're obvious a pretty smart guy. Your posts here are very well structured and helpful. Don't put so much stock in the CCNP(NA) vs. bgp. I had my ccna only a few short months, when we went to multihoming with BGP. Do you really think that the small enterprise is going to use all the advanced BGP stuff to get it working nicely (route reflectors, confeds, clusters, etc). That stuff is for REALLY big Enterprises, and Bigger ISP's. I have never had to use more than route-maps, prefix-lists and next-hop self to get it working smooth. Also pretty much any ISP that runs BGP itself will allow you to advertise a /24 or greater. The only argument where the block comes from. MCI (formerly wcom/uunet) Qwest Sprint ATT Winstar (now owned by IDT) all have offered /24 and bgp for T-1 service. Several I use now. BGP for multihoming, load-balancing, and pretty much whatever else at the enterprise level is very basic and easy to design, setup and even troubleshoot. 1 thing I have always liked alot are the networkers troubleshooting BGP and design powerpoint files they put out ever year. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75207t=75207 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Howard C. Berkowitz wrote: At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Contemplating? I seem to recall a Cisco router blade that we tested in about 1990 that you plugged into a Snyoptics hub. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). I like the Queens English pronunciation better ;) Dave **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html -- David Madland CCIE# 2016 Sr. Network Engineer Qwest Communications 612-664-3367 Emotion should reflect reason not guide it Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75208t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Dialer-Watch driving me nuts!! [7:75107]
Configure so that ONLY R5 places a call R5 is the remote router Only R5 will have a dialer string statement. After R5 places a call, R1 needs to know how reach the source ping. It could be a manual or dynamic route. Does it help? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75209t=75107 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
At 3:17 PM -0500 9/10/03, MADMAN wrote: Howard C. Berkowitz wrote: At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Contemplating? I seem to recall a Cisco router blade that we tested in about 1990 that you plugged into a Snyoptics hub. Oh yes...just like they did with Cabletron. Those were OEM agreements rather than an actual merger. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). I like the Queens English pronunciation better ;) Dave Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75210t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Heh, I installed quite a few of those Cisco router blades in Synoptics hubs! I also liked their SPARC network management modules, but I don't think that had anything to do with Cisco. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: MADMAN [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 4:18 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Studying Switching [7:75030] Howard C. Berkowitz wrote: At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Contemplating? I seem to recall a Cisco router blade that we tested in about 1990 that you plugged into a Snyoptics hub. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). I like the Queens English pronunciation better ;) Dave **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html -- David Madland CCIE# 2016 Sr. Network Engineer Qwest Communications 612-664-3367 Emotion should reflect reason not guide it **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75211t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Cisco SAFE Exam: My 2 cents [7:75212]
I took this exam a while back, i didn't take it serioulsy so I guess I need not say more, anyway make sure you read the documents and know them cold they are picky on this exam, their are questions that have nothing to do with the documentation but I guess the other exams you have possible take enroute to your CSSP should help, Sorry I can't offer adivce on what study guides to use. JUST know the docs. in and out Mark Kahugu Fred Wittenberg wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello all, I'm planning on taking the SAFE exam to wrap up my CCSP soon...can anyone that has passed/taken this offer what they used as study guides?? TIA, FW **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75212t=75212 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Cisco Professional Online Meeting tomorrow (Sept. 11) evening [7:75214]
Our first Cisco Professional online discussion will be held tomorrow evening from 8:00 PM EST to whenever. Our current plans are to meet in the GroupStudy voice chat room (room CCNP) every week to discuss topics of interest for people studying for CCNP level certifications. This first meeting we will decide on the schedule and topics of future meetings. We will also need volunteers to act as administrators of the room. Please try and test your setup before the meeting. Go to chat.groupstudy.com for instructions on how to participate. Take care, Paul Borghese Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75214t=75214 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Cisco SAFE Exam: My 2 cents [7:75212]
I took this exam a while back, i didn't take it serioulsy so I guess I need not say more, anyways make sure you read the documents and know them cold they are picky on this exam, some questions that have nothing to do with the documentation but I guess the other exams you have possiblly taken enroute to your CSSP should help, Sorry I can't offer adivce on what study guides to use. JUST know the docs. in and out Mark Kahugu Fred Wittenberg wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello all, I'm planning on taking the SAFE exam to wrap up my CCSP soon...can anyone that has passed/taken this offer what they used as study guides?? TIA, FW **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75215t=75212 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? So how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75213t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: DLSW+ filter [7:75192]
Hi, Have you considered something like this..?? dlsw icanreach netbios-exclusive dlsw icanreach netbios-name Name Also.. you will only see this in your local capabilities.. HTH, Sal Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75216t=75192 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Netmasks don't generate traffic, hosts do. :) Thanks, Zsombor Steven Aiello wrote: Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? So how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75217t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Well, I'm not a CCIE, but I don't think you need to be a CCIE to answer this question. The subnet mask has nothing to do with the amount of load on the network. A side effect of having a small network mask is that there are potentially more hosts on the network, which could mean that there is more broadcast traffic, but it's just a side effect; the small network mask doesn't cause the load, the number of hosts does. If you had 25 hosts on a /24 subnet, you would have the same amount of traffic as if you put them on a /8 subnet all else being equal. There are some things that could be different, but again they are side effects. For instance, if you had a network management device that sends ICMP echo requests out to every IP address in the subnet (and resultant broadcast ARPs) then there would be more load on the network. It is suggested that you use the proper mask for subnets though. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 7:16 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213] Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? So how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75218t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Steven Aiello wrote: Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. True. It will just be one broadcast packet and probably won't use a lot of bandwidth. It may be repeated a few times, but probably still won't use a lot of bandwidth. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? They won't all answer, just the one with the name that needs to be resolved. A lot of NetBIOS naming traffic is hosts announcing their own names actually. Nobody answers those. The issue isn't whether they answer or not anyway. Nor is it a bandwidth consumption issue, as you realize. It's an issue of eating CPU cycles on the hosts and NICs that receive the broadcast, which could be as many as 16,777,000 hosts with your current addressing scheme. Every NIC and host has to take in the packet, process it, and probably discard it, but still that could represent a significant amount of work. Your consultant is probably concerned that all devices are in the same broadcast domain. They all hear each other's broadcasts. If they are all announcing their names and trying to find each other by name and ARPing and RIPing and DHCPing, etc., this could become a performance issue on the hosts. Of course, you don't have nearly 16 million devices (25 you say?) so it's not an issue yet. Cisco recommends no more than 500 nodes per broadcast domain so you're pretty safe. The printers are going to broadcast at a particular rate regardless of the subnet mask. The packets they send probably aren't very big. They probably aren't using a lot of bandwidth But if you subdivided the network into multiple subnets and broadcast domains, using routers, not as many hosts will hear the broadcasts. The problem with broadcasts usually isn't a bandwidth consumption issue. It's a problem with the fact that a broadcast interrupts the CPU of every station in the broadcast domain. A lot of broadcasts can noticeably slow down an already slow computer with an old CPU. Nowadays, it would probably be a lot harder to cause a noticeable difference, CPUs are so fast. Anyway, your consultant may not be dumb, but she or he didn't describe the issue very well. Broadcast domains are covered in CCNA material, by the way. This isn't CCIE stuff. :-) Priscilla NetBSo how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75219t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
How to define right cisco hardware and software (IOS) [7:75220]
dear all, guys,.. Could anyone give advise about how to define the right - cisco hardware (module, chassis, memory, NPE etc) - cisco software (IOS type etc) thanks and looking forward to your advise guys. hin Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75220t=75220 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Problems with corrupt? NVRAM. [7:75221]
Hi, Has anybody ran into this problem? This is the version and the device: Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 12.0(10), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 20-Mar-00 21:43 by phanguye Image text-base: 0x0302F35C, data-base: 0x1000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 4.14(9.1), SOFTWARE uptime is 4 weeks, 5 days, 2 hours, 14 minutes System restarted by power-on at 13:51:20 NZST Sat Aug 9 2003 System image file is flash:c2500-i-l_120-10.bin cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 16384K/2048K bytes of memory. Processor board ID 01534863, with hardware revision Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. 1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 2 Serial network interface(s) 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) Configuration register is 0x2102 #sh start Using 1258048252 out of 32762 bytes %Error opening nvram:/startup-config (Permission denied) #erase start Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm] [Failed] %Error erasing nvram: (Permission denied) #sh file syste File Systems: Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes - -opaque rw null: - -opaque rw system: - - network rw tftp: *8388608 2660108 flash ro flash: 12288 0opaque ro flh: 32762 32762 nvram rw nvram: - -opaque wo lex: - - network rw rcp: - - network rw ftp: Problem is though the NVRAM seems corrupted. Anyone know of any CISCO bugs that relate to this issue? Can I also safely reload this router and safely boot back into its original config? Cheers Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75221t=75221 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
