[Elecraft] Re: Help with distorted transmit audio

2008-11-17 Thread wayne burdick

Mike,

I tried hard to reproduce this -- no luck. Must be extremely rare.

Were you using diversity mode and/or SPLIT?

What crystal filter and DSP bandwidths were in effect?

Which controls might you have been moving at the time?

Thanks, 
Wayne
N6KR


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[Elecraft] Re: Help with distorted transmit audio

2008-11-17 Thread Mike Scott
>I experienced this pinched audio problem this weekend. Using the current

>beta firmware, I noted severely pinched transmit audio (using the transmit

>monitor). It occurred on some bands but not all, and was present sometimes

>on only one of the sidebands (i.e., when switching sidebands the audio

>pinching was gone, and returned when switched to the original sideband).

>The problem disappeared upon reboot.

>Steve N9SZ

 

Steve,

 

I have had the same problem multiple times; I am glad to hear someone else
has the same problem. People I am talking to say to take the clothespin off
of my nose. In the transmit monitor I can hear thin audio. My problem is
that I don't know how to replicate the distorted audio problem. A power off
reset fixes it every time when it shows up. I have been experiencing this
problem over many firmware downloads. I suspect there is a root problem that
is rare that stems back to the original firmware. I have serial number 508
if that helps.

I have engaged Elecraft help [Gary] but I am waiting for the next instance
of the problem. I don't operate SSB very often so it may be a while before
it happens again. For the record Lyle asked that next time it happens to
change frequency or change transmit audio equalization to force a new set up
of transmit audio chain. Since I received these instructions nothing has
happened on my end so I am still waiting.

 

The fact that you are changing bands and the problem stays is an important
input. Please keep reporting this issue and I will too when it happens
again. 

 

Mike Scott

AE6WA Tarzana, CA

K3/100 SN508

 

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RE: [Elecraft] Re: K3 Small Blank Panel

2008-11-17 Thread W7TMT

If you're not making mistakes and all tacks are "clear sailing" then you are
obviously not living your life to the fullest. Sail on but keep it on the
edge.

73/Patrick/W7TMT
"Bacchanal"
37' Searunner Trimaran - #2 

> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Todd Fonstad
> Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 4:35 PM
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] Re: K3 Small Blank Panel
> 
> Ahem...
> 
> As Gilda Radner was fond of saying, "Never mind!" I do have 
> the KXV3 in hand after all (and thus have no need of the 
> small blank panel), so I'll turn tail and creep back down 
> into the basement to continue assembly.
> 
> There, the mandatory one mistake is out of the way with clear 
> sailing ahead
> 
> 73
> Todd
> N9NE

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[Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver

2008-11-17 Thread Phil & Debbie Salas

"That is true if the two receivers are tuned to the same passband and
you are using an identical antenna for the two receivers.

In the case of receiving split, you are not looking at the same noise
entering the two receivers.  In this case, by combining two different
passbands, the desired signal would only come from one receiver but
the summed noise would come from both receivers, dropping the SNR by 3
dB."

Chen is correct.  Back in my microwave telecom days, we used to combine two 
receivers from two different microwave antennas both for multipath 
improvement, and for S/N improvement.  The desired main signals from both 
receivers are highly correlated, but the noise is still uncorrelated 
(different antennas, slightly different passbands/filter characteristics). 
So the main signal improves in strength 6dB (adds on a 20log basis), but the 
noise improves 3dB (adds on a 10log basis).  The result is a 3dB S/N 
improvement.
Phil - AD5X 


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Re: [Elecraft] K3 SWR tuning indication?

2008-11-17 Thread Lyle Johnson

It seems from this that the SWR bridge and its a/d conversion must be
calibrated only at (or above) 5W.


I think it means that with low powers and near matches, the reflected 
power is quite low.  To get better resolution on reflected power, you 
may need more drive to the bridge.


73,

Lyle KK7P
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[Elecraft] Re: K3 Small Blank Panel

2008-11-17 Thread Todd Fonstad
Ahem...

As Gilda Radner was fond of saying, "Never mind!" I do have the KXV3 in hand
after all (and thus have no need of the small blank panel), so I'll turn
tail and creep back down into the basement to continue assembly.

There, the mandatory one mistake is out of the way with clear sailing
ahead

73
Todd
N9NE



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Re: [Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread Bill Tippett
> On Mon, Nov 17, 2008 at 6:45 PM, W5UN <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Elecraft believes the 250 hz filter problem is a defective filter, and is
> sending a new replacement..

 I thought so...

> Bill, does your  CW Skimmer signals stay right on frequency as you switch
> filters (as happens automatically with changing  DSP width when filters are
> enabled)?

No Skimmer does shift.  PowerSDR does not shift because Larry N8LP and
Scott WU2X read the filter offsets and adjust accordingly.

 73,  Bill  W4ZV
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RE: [Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?

2008-11-17 Thread Joe Subich, W4TV

Since I had a K3/100 with KRX3, KBPF3, KXV3, KAT3, and seven 
total filters (4 8-pole/3-5-pole) handy, I placed it on the 
postal scale.  It weighed in at 9 pounds 6.5 ounces (9.406 
pounds) or 4.267 kg. 

73, 

   ... Joe, W4TV 
 

 

> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Thomas Rudolph
> Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 2:13 PM
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?
> 
> 
> Hello,
> 
> waiting for my K3 I'll bore you with some stupid questions ;-) :
> 
> Could someobe be so kind to tell me the weight of a K3/100Watts with 
> ATU/2nd Receiver ?
> I guess about 5 kg , could that be right?
> 
> 73 from DK3DUA
> Thomas from Dresden
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
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Re: [Elecraft] K3 Small Blank Panel

2008-11-17 Thread Iain MacDonnell - K6IAM



Todd Fonstad wrote:

Greetings,

I am slowly working on K3 #1934 and have hit a snag on p. 25 of the K3 Kit
Assembly Manual. I am about to install the KIO3 interface and, as the KXV3
option is backordered, I am instructed to "mount the small blank panel" on
the rear panel (Fig. 31). However, after having spent an hour going through
everything (I think), including all the mailing boxes and packaging
materials, I just can't find the dang thing! Does anyone recall where this
little critter might have been hiding in your kit material? Please respond
directly, as I receive postings in digest form, and I would like to get a
few hours of building in yet this evening.


Maybe it wasn't included because your order included the KXV3, even
though it's back-ordered. That panel was not included in my kit, but
my KXV3 was shipped with the K3 kit.

~Iain

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[Elecraft] K3 Small Blank Panel

2008-11-17 Thread Todd Fonstad
Greetings,

I am slowly working on K3 #1934 and have hit a snag on p. 25 of the K3 Kit
Assembly Manual. I am about to install the KIO3 interface and, as the KXV3
option is backordered, I am instructed to "mount the small blank panel" on
the rear panel (Fig. 31). However, after having spent an hour going through
everything (I think), including all the mailing boxes and packaging
materials, I just can't find the dang thing! Does anyone recall where this
little critter might have been hiding in your kit material? Please respond
directly, as I receive postings in digest form, and I would like to get a
few hours of building in yet this evening.

73
Todd
N9NE


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[Elecraft] K3 SWR tuning indication?

2008-11-17 Thread Jim Miller
I've had a habit of reducing my power to 2W when tuning. I've noticed
for a long time that the SWR indication at minimum when tuning my
remote T1 never went below 1.2:1. No big deal but always made me
wonder what was going on.

A few minutes ago I was playing with the ATU functions again with a
50ohm dummy load and the ATU always made it to 1:1. Yet when I went to
bypass I again got 1.2:1.

Then I remembered that the ATU always tunes at a preset of 5W. I
changed my TUN PWR when in bypass to 5W and got 1:1 after all.

It seems from this that the SWR bridge and its a/d conversion must be
calibrated only at (or above) 5W.

Is that correct?

73

jim ab3cv
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[Elecraft] HRD telnet

2008-11-17 Thread Nelson Wittstock
Thanks to all for the help.  I found that the correct port number is 23. 
After hamming for over 50 years I still have a lot to learn.  It is a great 
hobby where things just keep improving.


73,
Nelson, K8DJC 



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Re: [Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread W5UN
Elecraft believes the 250 hz filter problem is a defective filter, 
and is sending a new replacement..


Bill, does your  CW Skimmer signals stay right on frequency as you 
switch filters (as happens automatically with changing  DSP width 
when filters are enabled)?


Dave, W5UN

At 23:03 11/17/2008, you wrote:




Dave Blaschke wrote:
>
> I will ask here before calling Elecraft.
>
> First, I have the following filters installed on the main rcvr, all 8
> pole: 6 Khz, 2.8kHz, 1.8 kHz, 400 Hz, 250 Hz.
>
> There are two issues:
>
> 1. When I turn my 250 Hz filter on in config, and then select that
> filter (which is FL5 here)I can hear noise coming through but no cw
> signals come through. I can see the signals on my PowerSDR/LP-PAN
> setup and CW Skimmer. Signal comes through all the rest of the
> filters O.K. Yes, I opened the radio, and all the filters are installed.
>
> 2. I run CW Skimmer with my K3. When I change filters, the CW offset
> signal shown on CW Skimmer changes. I thought the 8 pole filters had
> no offset. Is anyone else experiencing this? Any comment appreciated.
>
> Dave, W5UN
>

Both issues sound like there could be an offset problem in the 250 Hz
filters.  I only have 5-pole CW filters here but I know Ed W0YK has reported
offsets in his 8-pole 400/250s of up to 80 Hz.  Given that the 250 Hz 8-pole
is actually around 370 Hz wide according to Inrad plots, I don't see how
even an 80 Hz offset could cause the problem you noted in #1 above.  However
I believe most of the 8-pole filters will have the problem in #2 above since
they do not truly have zero offset.

If I used 8-pole CW filters, I would measure the actual offset and enter it
into the Filter Configuration menu.  This would solve problem #2 above and
it might also tell you whether you have a defective 250 Hz filter causing #1
above.

--
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RE: [Elecraft] OT: Older Heil earpiece elements

2008-11-17 Thread Joe Subich, W4TV

The original ProSet elements had an impedance of 400 Ohms 
(I have a pair of the transducers in my junk box).  The 
replacement elements are 200 Ohms (I opened the ProSet to 
confirm).  

The replacement was not free but the "ProSet Speaker" is 
$4 each from Heil (check the Parts page at www.heilsound.com). 

73, 

   ... Joe, W4TV 
 



> -Original Message-
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Ken Kopp
> Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 1:19 PM
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] OT: Older Heil earpiece elements
> 
> 
> I also can confirm that older Heil earpiece elements -do- 
> deliver low audio.  This was a problem with my FT-1000D and 
> Heil had higher output replacements available.  I don't 
> recall if they were free of charge or not.
> 
> 73! Ken Kopp - K0PP
>  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 

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Re: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver noise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Kok Chen


On Nov 17, 2008, at 3:01 PM, Kok Chen wrote:

Prob( (s+n1+n2)^2 ) = Prob(s^2 + n1^2 + n2^2 + n1.n2 + s.n1 +  
s.n2).  If s, n1 and n2 are uncorrelated, then Prob(n1.n2) =  
Prob(s.n1) = Prob(s.n2) = 0.



Whoops, that should be

Prob( (s+n1+n2)^2 ) = Prob(s^2 + n1^2 + n2^2 + 2.n1.n2 + 2.s.n1 +  
2.s.n2)  (I should have counted that there are 9 terms altogether on  
the right hand side :-).


But the average of ( n1.n2 ) = 0 implies that the average of  
( 2.n1.n2 ) is also identically zero, etc...


73
Chen, W7AY



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Re: [Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread Bill W4ZV



Dave Blaschke wrote:
> 
> I will ask here before calling Elecraft.
> 
> First, I have the following filters installed on the main rcvr, all 8 
> pole: 6 Khz, 2.8kHz, 1.8 kHz, 400 Hz, 250 Hz.
> 
> There are two issues:
> 
> 1. When I turn my 250 Hz filter on in config, and then select that 
> filter (which is FL5 here)I can hear noise coming through but no cw 
> signals come through. I can see the signals on my PowerSDR/LP-PAN 
> setup and CW Skimmer. Signal comes through all the rest of the 
> filters O.K. Yes, I opened the radio, and all the filters are installed.
> 
> 2. I run CW Skimmer with my K3. When I change filters, the CW offset 
> signal shown on CW Skimmer changes. I thought the 8 pole filters had 
> no offset. Is anyone else experiencing this? Any comment appreciated.
> 
> Dave, W5UN
> 

Both issues sound like there could be an offset problem in the 250 Hz
filters.  I only have 5-pole CW filters here but I know Ed W0YK has reported
offsets in his 8-pole 400/250s of up to 80 Hz.  Given that the 250 Hz 8-pole
is actually around 370 Hz wide according to Inrad plots, I don't see how
even an 80 Hz offset could cause the problem you noted in #1 above.  However
I believe most of the 8-pole filters will have the problem in #2 above since
they do not truly have zero offset.  

If I used 8-pole CW filters, I would measure the actual offset and enter it
into the Filter Configuration menu.  This would solve problem #2 above and
it might also tell you whether you have a defective 250 Hz filter causing #1
above.

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Re: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver noise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Kok Chen


On Nov 17, 2008, at 1:01 PM, Tayloe Dan-P26412 wrote:


How can it hurt the SNR?


Because in split operation, you are adding the noise from two  
different bandpasses, yet you are only hearing the signal from the  
original single receiver.


Let receiver (1) hear s(t) + n1(t) and receiver (2) hear n2(t) .   
Remember that s(t) is outside the passband of the second receiver, so  
there is no s(t) component in receiver 2.


Sum the two receivers, and you get s(t) + n1(t) + n2(t).

Prob( (s+n1+n2)^2 ) = Prob(s^2 + n1^2 + n2^2 + n1.n2 + s.n1 + s.n2).   
If s, n1 and n2 are uncorrelated, then Prob(n1.n2) = Prob(s.n1) =  
Prob(s.n2) = 0.


Thus the output power of the summed signal is (s^2) + (n1^2) + (n2^2).

The original single receiver SNR is (s^2)/(n1^2). The summed receiver  
SNR is (s^2)/( (n1^2)+ (n2^2) )


73
Chen

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Re: [Elecraft] HRD

2008-11-17 Thread Bob Nielsen
The main reason there are different port numbers is that the standard  
telnet port 23 won't work properly in Linux/Unix-based clusters,  
except for the standard telnet server.  Port 7300 has become the de- 
facto choice for DX Spider clusters, but some sysops choose other ports.


Bob, N7XY
Sysop of n7xy.net, port 7300

On Nov 17, 2008, at 2:11 PM, Julian, G4ILO wrote:





Nelson Wittstock wrote:


I'm trying to set up my K3 with HRD and the packet cluster but I  
need some
help.  In setting up to connect to my local cluster, HRD calls for  
a port

number.  How do I determine what number to use here?  With my current
logging program all I supply is the URL for the local cluster.

KComm includes a file of cluster node addresses. From a quick scan  
through

that, the most popular options are 7300, 8000 and 9000. But some have
addresses that are completely random.

-
Julian, G4ILO. K2 #392  K3 #222.
http://www.g4ilo.com/ G4ILO's Shack   http://www.ham-directory.com/  
Ham
Directoryhttp://www.g4ilo.com/kcomm.html KComm for Elecraft K2  
and K3

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RE: [Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread Dick Dievendorff
Don't defer to anyone else's experience, use your own preferences!

Some of this depends on your personal aural frequency response curve. My
high-end response is down because of my age (I'm nearing my 62nd birthday),
and perhaps some questionable decisions I made in the past about music
volume, operating mainframe chain printers with the cover open because it's
quicker to change paper that way, radio contests with the headphone volume
up way too high in an attempt to dig weak signals out of the noise, and some
exposure to Naval gunfire.  

Some CW enthusiasts opt for relatively low frequencies because they are able
to discern one signal from another more easily if the relative frequency
difference is larger.

Eric Scace, K3NA, is usually worth listening to (or reading) on a lot of
topics; psychoacoustics seem to be of particular interest to Eric. He has an
interesting post on the TopBand Forum on this topic:

http://lists.contesting.com/_topband/2006-11/msg00205.html

There's also a link to a hearing test to help you understand your own
capabilities in that post.

One of the most proficient pileup competitors I have ever encountered is
Fred Laun, K3ZO.  He regularly appears at the top at the Dayton Pileup
Competition.  Fred recalled that he used to hone his pileup skills when he
was operating from Thailand. His was a rare DX prefix to many.  He'd get on
one evening and just work stations from, for example, Poland, ignoring all
the others in the pileup for that evening.

There's a post about Fred and his preference for low-frequency CW pitch
here:

http://www.mail-archive.com/elecraft@mailman.qth.net/msg51753.html

And my ex-roommate Ward Silver has a couple of paragraphs on the ARRL
Contest Rate Sheet:

http://www.arrl.org/contests/update/index.html?issue=2006-12-13

Again, this is a personal preference issue, there are no "right" or "wrong"
answers.  

It takes a while to get used to listening at lower CW pitch. 

If you're trying to dig a single signal out of the noise you may have one
preference.
 
If you're being called by a dozen loud callers and want to be able to pull
one complete call sign out of the pileup each time, you may have a different
preference.

73 de Dick, K6KR






-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 12:55 PM
To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: RE: [Elecraft] Filter questions


>I prefer about 400 Hz, your preference may be different than this.

Dick,

What process did you go through to arrive at 400 cycles?

I ask because I'm relatively new to CW and have experimented with the 
available frequencies in the K3, and find that if the signal is down 
in the noise, that higher frequencies seem to jump out of the noise 
better. However if the signal is strong, I prefer lower frequencies 
such as 400.

OTOH, being relatively new to CW, I am open minded and defer to 
experience and would like to hear what you and others have to say on 
this subject.

73,

Paul 

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Re: [Elecraft] HRD

2008-11-17 Thread Simon (HB9DRV)
There's a list http://www.dxcluster.info/files/telnet.txt which is 
maintained by the DXCluster community.


I guess you're using this one.

Simon Brown, HB9DRV
www.ham-radio-deluxe.com

- Original Message - 
From: "Julian, G4ILO" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>


KComm includes a file of cluster node addresses. From a quick scan through
that, the most popular options are 7300, 8000 and 9000. But some have
addresses that are completely random.



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Re: [Elecraft] HRD

2008-11-17 Thread Julian, G4ILO



Nelson Wittstock wrote:
> 
> I'm trying to set up my K3 with HRD and the packet cluster but I need some 
> help.  In setting up to connect to my local cluster, HRD calls for a port 
> number.  How do I determine what number to use here?  With my current 
> logging program all I supply is the URL for the local cluster.
> 
KComm includes a file of cluster node addresses. From a quick scan through
that, the most popular options are 7300, 8000 and 9000. But some have
addresses that are completely random.

-
Julian, G4ILO. K2 #392  K3 #222.
http://www.g4ilo.com/ G4ILO's Shack   http://www.ham-directory.com/ Ham
Directoryhttp://www.g4ilo.com/kcomm.html KComm for Elecraft K2 and K3 
-- 
View this message in context: http://n2.nabble.com/HRD-tp1511481p1511517.html
Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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[Elecraft] bounced

2008-11-17 Thread Phil LaMarche
AB7R's emails are suddenly coming back.  Anyone know why?
 
Phil
 

Philip LaMarche 
LaMarche Enterprises, Inc.
  www.instantgourmetspices.com

www.w9dvm.com   
800-395-7795 pin 02 
727-944-3226 
FAX 727-937-8834 
NASFT 30210 
W9DVM 


 
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[Elecraft] HRD

2008-11-17 Thread Nelson Wittstock
I'm trying to set up my K3 with HRD and the packet cluster but I need some 
help.  In setting up to connect to my local cluster, HRD calls for a port 
number.  How do I determine what number to use here?  With my current 
logging program all I supply is the URL for the local cluster.


Nelson, K8DJC 



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Re: [Elecraft] Diversity reception with two linked K3s?

2008-11-17 Thread Dave G4AON
Another way to link two transceivers is via Ham Radio Deluxe, needs a 
serial port for each transceiver. Run two sessions of HRD, one for each 
radio. Then click the "synch" button in HRD and assign one as "master" 
and the other as "slave" (can we still use such non-diverse expressions 
these days?). Voilà, you have the radios linked together. I've not tried 
2 x K3s but it should work if a little confusing as they are both called 
the same.


You may not get true diversity as the oscillators are different, you 
would need a common master oscillator for true diversity. You could use 
the Elecraft KREF3-EXT option and an external oscillator such as a GPS 
locked or rubidium oscillator.


73 Dave, G4AON
K3/100 #80
--
Anybody done this - linked two in a master-slave relationship with
frequency control via the serial port or computer program to provide
diversity reception?

Is there any PC program readily adaptable to this - virtual com port
splitters, etc...?

I presently use WU2X's PowerSDR and N8LP's LP-Bridge in IF panadaptor
mode to tune the K3s (each through its own computer), so a method
adaptable to this setup would be particularly sweet.

Jerry W4UK
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[Elecraft] K3 in SS SSB

2008-11-17 Thread Bob Evans
I really don't like SSB and am not sure I've gotten my settings correct, but
I plowed through 1890 QSOs in 24 hours during the ARRL SSB Sweepstakes last
weekend.  I really enjoyed using the bandpass filters when I had 60 over 9
signal 1-2 KHz away from me.  It allowed me to work guys I would have had to
give up on without the "armor" of a great front end.  I have the 2.7 and 2.1
filters on SSB and they were perfect for me.   I also had a few jammers that
thought they could plant a carrier on top of me to slow me down.  The Auto
Notch beat them EVERY time.  I really couldn't believe how well it worked.
There was only one jammer that was about 40 over who gave the notch a bit of
trouble, but I still got the contact through.

 

I had several unsolicited "great audio" reports and only one "you're
splattering" report.  I'm hoping the not-so-favorable report was a
non-Elecraft receiver on his end.  ;-)  

 

I had a few calls from folks on this list and I appreciated making the K3 to
K3 contacts.  You guys sounded GREAT!  

 

One of these days when I am retired, I'll be able to have enough time to
perfectly set up my SSB audio with a scope (and maybe even find out what
ESSB means), but for now, I'll continue to have fun.

 

Thanks for the Qs!

 

73,

Bob K5WA

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Re: [Elecraft] K3 - How to get more headphone output.

2008-11-17 Thread David Yarnes

Tom and All,

I have had much the same experience with my ProSet.  I made a post quite 
similar to yours some time back, and got lots of replies to the contrary. 
All this leads me to believe there are some inconsistencies in the 
production of these headsets.  The more recent series of posts only 
strengthens my belief that differences do exist.  That shouldn't be the 
case, but it seems to be so.  Heil has never owned up to it though, at least 
when I asked about it at Dayton.  I'd sure like to do an "A/B" test with a 
newer set.  Mine are several years old.


Dave W7AQK


- Original Message - 
From: "Tom Hammond" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

To: "Bill W4ZV" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; 
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 5:09 AM
Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 - How to get more headphone output.



Must admit that I've never been completely 'thrilled' with the performance
of my 10+ year old Heil ProSet cans when used with my K2 or my K3.

I've almost always had to crank up the AF Gain higher than that which gave
more than ample AF output to the attached speakers.

I've even gone to the point of considering trying to replace the OEM
headphone elements with some small 8-Ohm speakers... haven't done it (yet)
but it's certainly been on  my agenda to research.

73,

Tom Hammond   N0SS


At 16:31 11/16/2008, Bill W4ZV wrote:




Barry N1EU wrote:
>
> My Heil ProSet is 200 ohms and my max AF Gain is also 9-10 o'clock like
> Bill.  Make sure you have the config menu setting for AF Gain set to HI
>

Just FYI my AF GAIN is set to LO, and I still have plenty of gain.  I'm 
not
sure about the actual impedance of my Heils but I've never had any 
problems

with a TS-930S, FT-1000MP, Orion or the K3.  They were a little weak when
used with my K2 however.

73,  Bill

--
View this message in context: 
http://n2.nabble.com/K3---How-to-get-more-headphone-output.-tp1506562p1507314.html

Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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[Elecraft] K3 to Original Factory Settings?

2008-11-17 Thread Don Rasmussen
>>>I've never needed to clear all the settings.

Same here (since January 2008). This firmware is TIGHT. 

This is one reason I never purchased Orion despite it's being
the most advanced transceiver in it's time. 

Kudos to Wayne and Lyle. 

73 Dave, G4AON
K3/100 #80

[Elecraft] K3 to Original Factory Settings?
Dave G4AON elecraft at astromag.co.uk 
Mon Nov 17 16:33:47 EST 2008 

Previous message: [Elecraft] Diversity reception with two linked K3s? 

Paul, to return the K3 to an “as received” condition power up while 
holding the SHIFT/LO knob depressed. Obviously it doesn't return to 
earlier firmware. In the past 12 months of ownership, and endless 
firmware upgrades/downgrades, I've never needed to clear all the settings.

73 Dave, G4AON
K3/100 #80
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Re: [Elecraft] K3 to Original Facotry Settings?

2008-11-17 Thread Dave G4AON
Paul, to return the K3 to an “as received” condition power up while 
holding the SHIFT/LO knob depressed. Obviously it doesn't return to 
earlier firmware. In the past 12 months of ownership, and endless 
firmware upgrades/downgrades, I've never needed to clear all the settings.


73 Dave, G4AON
K3/100 #80
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[Elecraft] Diversity reception with two linked K3s?

2008-11-17 Thread Jerry Flanders
Anybody done this - linked two in a master-slave relationship with 
frequency control via  the serial port or computer program to provide 
diversity reception?


Is there any PC program readily adaptable to this - virtual com port 
splitters, etc...?


I presently use WU2X's PowerSDR and N8LP's LP-Bridge in IF panadaptor 
mode to tune the K3s (each through its own computer), so a method 
adaptable to this setup would be particularly sweet.


Jerry W4UK

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RE: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver noise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Tayloe Dan-P26412
This is a nice mental thought experiment.  Tune two identical 
receivers to the same pass band and listen on both.  If you sum 
the outputs together (neglecting the noise generated inside 
the receivers themselves like we have on a noisy 40m band), the 
two outputs will be the same.  The band noise goes up 2x, the 
desired signal goes up 2x.  

Think about what you are proposing: In order for there to be 
3 dB SNR degradation, somehow the receiver would have to 
"know" what "stuff" is "signal" and what stuff is "noise" 
and treat them differently.  A receiver (other than cases 
like noise blankers) does not do that.  The receiver translates 
both band noise and desired signal to audio.  Thus, as long 
as the signals external to the two receivers swamp the 
internal noise of the receivers, summing the two outputs of 
the two receivers driven from the same antenna will not help 
or hurt the signal to noise ratio.  How can it hurt the SNR?  
How can the audio output **not add** for the desired signal 
and **add** for the noise? The desired signal adds the same 
as the undesired band noise add.  

I was once fooled by this thinking as well.  It helped me a lot 
to understand that to a receiver everything is a signal. The 
desired station is signal.  The undesired band noise is also a 
signal.  Thus adding the output of two receivers together gets 2x 
"signal" and also 2x "noise".  Both will increase by 6 dB, but 
the ratio of "signal" to "noise" is unchanged.

Like I said before, the only potential signal to noise improvement 
happens when the receiver internal noise starts masking the external 
desired signals, in which case all external signals double in 
voltage (both signal and band noise), a 6 dB gain, while the 
internal noise from the two receivers will not be the same, 
adding in an uncorrelated manner, seeing only a 3 dB gain.  Thus 
we can see a net signal to noise improvement since the receiver 
noise component will increase less than the external signal and 
band noise increases. 

Receiver noise being a limiting factor happens either under 
very quite band conditions, or when a very poor antenna is being 
used. 

- Dan, N7VE

-Original Message-
From: Kok Chen [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 12:55 PM
To: Elecraft Reflector
Cc: Tayloe Dan-P26412
Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced
receiver noise floor


On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:06 AM, Tayloe Dan-P26412 wrote:

> Band noise from one receiver at
> any instant in time will look exactly like band noise from the second 
> receiver.


That is true if the two receivers are tuned to the same passband and you
are using an identical antenna for the two receivers.

In the case of receiving split, you are not looking at the same noise
entering the two receivers.  In this case, by combining two different
passbands, the desired signal would only come from one receiver but the
summed noise would come from both receivers, dropping the SNR by 3 dB.

An easy test is to subtract two receiver outputs (assuming the receivers
are phase coherent).  You should get a "reasonable" null (sky noise and
signals are nulled away, leaving just the receiver noise and any
gain/phase mismatch in the two passbands) when looking at the same
antenna.  When you tune one receiver away, the noise level should rise.

Come to think of it, it is an easy DSP experiment by looking at the
output of two complex mixers using different (numerical) local
oscillators.

73
Chen, W7AY

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RE: [Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread paul



I prefer about 400 Hz, your preference may be different than this.


Dick,

What process did you go through to arrive at 400 cycles?

I ask because I'm relatively new to CW and have experimented with the 
available frequencies in the K3, and find that if the signal is down 
in the noise, that higher frequencies seem to jump out of the noise 
better. However if the signal is strong, I prefer lower frequencies 
such as 400.


OTOH, being relatively new to CW, I am open minded and defer to 
experience and would like to hear what you and others have to say on 
this subject.


73,

Paul 


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RE: [Elecraft] K3 / HRD

2008-11-17 Thread Evert Bakker (PA2KW)
Thanks to all who replied and gave me info what to do.
Next weekend I hope I'll be able to try things out.

73's, Evert PA2KW

-Original Message-
From: Don Wilhelm [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Sent: Sunday, November 16, 2008 23:13
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 / HRD

Evert,

That is strange. Unless the computer is loaded down with other chores, 
HRD normally updates very quickly. You may want to check for 'gremlins' 
in your computer, or other things that are keeping the CPU busy.

73,
Don W3FPR

Evert Bakker (PA2KW) wrote:
>
> I'm just in the process of selecting a log program.
>
> For that reason I was testing HRD to communicate with my K3.
>
> I got it working (at the highest speed) through the (K)USB device 
> (from Prolific). But it's awful slow.
>
> When changing the VFO-freq, it might take more then a minute for HRD 
> to synchronize.
>
> Any ideas?
>
> I want to use a Micro Keyer 2 (Microham) in the near future, have a 
> logbook program with integrated DXcluster and Digimode modules.
>
> Any suggestion?
>
> As it is not only a strict K3 question, please mail me directly if you 
> can help me.
>
> Evert PA2KW
>
>

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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread Mike Cox
I think the questions regarding addition of noise from one Rx to the 
other Rx are interesting but not entirely relevant  to my own use of the 
dual receivers for split frequency DXing.


Here's the way I normally deal with a split frequency pileup (using a CW 
pileup as an example). Remember that myself and numerous others copy 
much better when the signal is coming in BOTH ears (sounds like it's in 
the middle of the head) as opposed to only ONE ear. We'll say the DX has 
split a couple of KHz up the band and the pileup is several KHz wide. My 
main Rx is on the DX and I'm in the split mode with the SUB Rx ON (I 
will transmit on the sub Rx freq). The main Rx is set very narrow 
(usually 100 - 300 Hz wide). The sub Rx is set about a KHz or more wide 
so I can hear a greater swath of pileup signals and listen for the 
station the DX is currently working. Here's how I run the audio with the 
Orion or Kenwood (using headphones):


Left Ear: Main Rx ONLY (DX station only, NO added noise from the sub Rx)
Right Ear: Main + Sub Rx (combine the two in phase) This is also my Tx 
frequency.


Here is what my brain perceives: The DX is in the middle of my head and 
is easy to decipher (much easier for me than if the DX was only out to 
my left). The pileup and most of the noise are outside of my head, 
somewhere to my right side. It becomes a simple matter to pay attention 
to the right side pileup and tune for a responding signal while the DX 
station is not transmitting. Even though the pileup may not quit calling 
while the DX station sends, when the DX station is on, it is very easy 
to ignore the noise out to the right side and concentrate on what the DX 
station is sending in the "middle" of my head. Even with the weakest DX 
signals, I seldom ever turn off the sub Rx. The noise is simply ignored 
in my head at the appropriate times. When scanning the pileup for the 
"workee" on the right side, it is not necessary to achieve a solid copy 
but only to recognize that magic "599 TU" report. Then you know you are 
nearly on the spot the DX station is currently monitoring. The 
additional noise added into the right side from the main Rx is not 
really an issue and, in fact, it only becomes harder to copy stations in 
the pileup during the DX stations' transmissions. That's not really a 
bad thing since the DX station achieves a "perception priority" over the 
bedlam of the pileup. The DX is in BOTH ears. The noise is only in ONE 
ear. If the DX is in the left ear only, it only achieves, at best, 
parity with the pileup in the right. By the way, the bedlam of the 
pileup is usually many dB louder than the typical band noise so the 
discussions of additive noise floors are really about a miner annoyance 
compared to hundreds of transmitters pounding out their calls in the 
pileup. Depending on the loudness of the pileup and how well your brain 
has adapted to this system, you simply adjust the sub Rx volume so that 
it doesn't detract from the copy of the DX station. That way, for me, 
the DX station always achieves the magic priority over the pileup in my 
organic signal decoder.


I currently run the K3 with stereo speakers. I set in front of the left 
speaker and place the right speaker at my far right. For me, it works 
better for copying the DX than using the headphones with the DX only on 
the left side. It's the simplest of audio mixers. An SSB pileup is 
handled the similarly except the passband of the sub Rx is not opened up 
beyond normal voice response. I surely would like to use the "cans" so I 
can get rid of the computer and fan noise!


Anyway, that's the way my brain does it best.

Good DX,
Mike, AB9V



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Re: [Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?

2008-11-17 Thread Thomas Rudolph

OK thank you,

73
Thomas
DK3DUA

Dick Dievendorff schrieb:

About 10 pounds, of which slightly over a pound is the shielded 2nd
receiver.

I'll leave the metric conversion to you!

73 de Dick, K6KR


-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Thomas Rudolph
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 11:13 AM
To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: [Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?

Hello,

waiting for my K3 I'll bore you with some stupid questions ;-) :

Could someobe be so kind to tell me the weight of a K3/100Watts with 
ATU/2nd Receiver ?

I guess about 5 kg , could that be right?

73 from DK3DUA
Thomas from Dresden





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Re: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver noise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Kok Chen


On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:06 AM, Tayloe Dan-P26412 wrote:


Band noise from one receiver at
any instant in time will look exactly like band noise from
the second receiver.



That is true if the two receivers are tuned to the same passband and  
you are using an identical antenna for the two receivers.


In the case of receiving split, you are not looking at the same noise  
entering the two receivers.  In this case, by combining two different  
passbands, the desired signal would only come from one receiver but  
the summed noise would come from both receivers, dropping the SNR by 3  
dB.


An easy test is to subtract two receiver outputs (assuming the  
receivers are phase coherent).  You should get a "reasonable" null  
(sky noise and signals are nulled away, leaving just the receiver  
noise and any gain/phase mismatch in the two passbands) when looking  
at the same antenna.  When you tune one receiver away, the noise level  
should rise.


Come to think of it, it is an easy DSP experiment by looking at the  
output of two complex mixers using different (numerical) local  
oscillators.


73
Chen, W7AY

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RE: [Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread Dick Dievendorff
Is it possible that your narrow filter has cut off the desired signal?

Make sure your CW pitch is reasonable and you've tuned a little bit for the
signal with the narrow filter.  

If your CW pitch is different from where you're listening at a wider
bandwidth, the signal can disappear when you tighten the bandwidth.  I'd
recommend tuning in a steady carrier with the CWT and/or spot buttons, and
then narrow the bandwidth. 

If the CWT doesn't center at a comfortable pitch (this is a personal
preference), adjust it by entering CW mode, HOLD the Pitch button (it's
labeled "Spot" for its tap function) and rotate VFO A until you get a pitch
you like.  I prefer about 400 Hz, your preference may be different than
this.

Also make sure that the Filter Configuration has the filters enabled by
mode. The K3 Utility's Crystal Configuration Dialog can be used to quickly
view the filter configuration, it's available by clicking the "Edit Crystal
Filters" button on the K3 Utility's Config menu.

I understand that you may have tried all this...

Dick, K6KR


-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of W5UN
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 9:23 AM
To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: [Elecraft] Filter questions

I will ask here before calling Elecraft.

First, I have the following filters installed on the main rcvr, all 8 
pole: 6 Khz, 2.8kHz, 1.8 kHz, 400 Hz, 250 Hz.

There are two issues:

1. When I turn my 250 Hz filter on in config, and then select that 
filter (which is FL5 here)I can hear noise coming through but no cw 
signals come through. I can see the signals on my PowerSDR/LP-PAN 
setup and CW Skimmer. Signal comes through all the rest of the 
filters O.K. Yes, I opened the radio, and all the filters are installed.

2. I run CW Skimmer with my K3. When I change filters, the CW offset 
signal shown on CW Skimmer changes. I thought the 8 pole filters had 
no offset. Is anyone else experiencing this? Any comment appreciated.

Dave, W5UN

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RE: [Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?

2008-11-17 Thread Dick Dievendorff
About 10 pounds, of which slightly over a pound is the shielded 2nd
receiver.

I'll leave the metric conversion to you!

73 de Dick, K6KR


-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Thomas Rudolph
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 11:13 AM
To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: [Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?

Hello,

waiting for my K3 I'll bore you with some stupid questions ;-) :

Could someobe be so kind to tell me the weight of a K3/100Watts with 
ATU/2nd Receiver ?
I guess about 5 kg , could that be right?

73 from DK3DUA
Thomas from Dresden





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[Elecraft] K3 total weigth with 100W/ATU/2ndRX ?

2008-11-17 Thread Thomas Rudolph

Hello,

waiting for my K3 I'll bore you with some stupid questions ;-) :

Could someobe be so kind to tell me the weight of a K3/100Watts with 
ATU/2nd Receiver ?

I guess about 5 kg , could that be right?

73 from DK3DUA
Thomas from Dresden





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Re: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receivernoise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Paul Christensen
uncorrelated noise adds as the square root of the sum of the squares 
sqrt(V*V + V*V) = 1.4V or 3 dB gain.


This implies that if I am listening to a very weak signal close to the rx 
noise floor (at least at my urban QTH this is rare and would only happen 
on the higher bands), it would pay to activate the sub-receiver in 
diversity mode even with the same antenna!


But wouldn't the benefit be purely the result of the psychoacoustical phase 
difference between the two audio sources rather than amplitude when 
activating the 2nd Rx?


With two correlated signals, it would seem that both noise *and* the desired 
signal increase by the same amount (i.e., 6 dB).  Likewise, with two 
uncorrelated signals, both the noise and desired signal also increase by the 
same amount (i.e., 3 dB)  So, from a SNR standpoint, what is the benefit?  I 
can see where there may be a psychoacoustical phase benefit, but not of 
amplitude.


Paul, W9AC 


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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread Don Wilhelm

Sorry, but I posted to the wrong thread last time.  My comments belong here!

The Behringer 802 mixer is inexpensive and will do that for you (plus a 
lot of other stuff)
Feed each receiver's audio into the Line IN jack below the microphone 
jacks.  The PAN control will be used to adjust the amount of blend you 
want.  In addition you will have level controls for each channel as well 
as a single control for the headphone level and another for the main out 
- lots of flexibility.


The downside of the Behringer 802 is that it does not contain a power 
amplifier, but has more than adequate output for headphones - add a 
stereo power amplifier if you need or want to drive speakers.


73,
Don W3FPR.

W7TEA wrote:

I mentioned this just the other day.  By ability to copy the DX station is
much reduced when only hearing him/her in one ear.   I either have to crank
up the main rx AF gain considerably or go back to one rx and use REV.  I've
used a variety of audio filters over the years--none is necessary with the
K3 of course--but have not used an outboard audio mixer.  Any
recommendations on a mixer which would allow the main rx audio in both ears
and the sub in the right ear?  


Gary W7TEA
  
  

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Re: [Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver noise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Vic K2VCO

Tayloe Dan-P26412 wrote:

However, if the situation is a weak signal situation where 
the receiver noise floor is at least partially masking 
the desired signal, we have a different situation.  Band 
noise and stations on the band will both be correlated coming 
out of both receivers and thus get a 6 dB improvement.  On 
the other hand, the internal noise produced in each receiver 
is independent and thus uncorrelated.  While correlated 
signals add voltage wise (V + V = 2V or 6 dB gain), 
uncorrelated noise adds as the square root of the sum of the 
squares sqrt(V*V + V*V) = 1.4V or 3 dB gain.  


This implies that if I am listening to a very weak signal close to the 
rx noise floor (at least at my urban QTH this is rare and would only 
happen on the higher bands), it would pay to activate the sub-receiver 
in diversity mode even with the same antenna!

--
73,
Vic, K2VCO
Fresno CA
http://www.qsl.net/k2vco
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[Elecraft] OT: Older Heil earpiece elements

2008-11-17 Thread Ken Kopp

I also can confirm that older Heil earpiece elements -do-
deliver low audio.  This was a problem with my FT-1000D
and Heil had higher output replacements available.  I don't
recall if they were free of charge or not.

73! Ken Kopp - K0PP
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: [Elecraft] K3: Output power on PSK31 and AFSK

2008-11-17 Thread Don Wilhelm

Jerry,

The Behringer 802 mixer is inexpensive and will do that for you (plus a 
lot of other stuff)
Feed each receiver's audio into the Line IN jack below the microphone 
jacks.  The PAN control will be used to adjust the amount of blend you 
want.  In addition you will have level controls for each channel as well 
as a single control for the headphone level and another for the main out 
- lots of flexibility.


The downside of the Behringer 802 is that it does not contain a power 
amplifier, but has more than adequate output for headphones - add a 
stereo power amplifier if you need or want to drive speakers.


73,
Don W3FPR.

Jerry T. Dowell wrote:

Thanks to everyone for the information on setting up the K3 for digital
modes. My low power problem was solved by running TX gain calibration and by
setting the LINE IN gain for a couple of bars on the ALC indicator. Also, I
finally realized that most wattmeters will indicate half the actual power on
PSK since the spectrum is two-tone. This will be the case for all wattmeters
that actually measure the RF voltage, as contrasted with the bolometer type.

Jerry   AI6L
  


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[Elecraft] Re: K3: listening to both rcvrs - Reduced receiver noise floor

2008-11-17 Thread Tayloe Dan-P26412
>> So the reduction in SNR (assuming equal noise power) is
>> 3.01 dB, not 6 dB.

>That's the best case if the noise power is equal.  If the 
>"other" receiver has higher noise power (wider bandwidth, 
>more interfering signals, etc.) the S/N reduction is greater. 
>Even 3 dB reduction in S/N is a big hit if the DX Station 
>you're trying to hear is at or just below the noise level. 

>It would be a shame to turn a top performing radio into a 
>mid-pack device by mixing the audio - because of some old 
>wife's tail.  Let those who want mixing do it externally 
>so it doesn't impose a S/N penalty otherwise.

There seems to be a fundamental mis-understanding on how 
uncorrelated and correlated noise works.  If two receivers 
are listening to the exact same signal and use the same 
antenna, then the short answer is that summing the output 
from these two receivers together will produce the same signal 
at a level 6 dB higher with no signal to noise change. This 
assumes the receivers themselves are identical and do not 
contribute noise (more on this later), so the two receiver 
outputs will be identical.  Band noise from one receiver at 
any instant in time will look exactly like band noise from 
the second receiver.  The desired stations signal will look 
the same from both receivers.  The point is that magic is 
not involved, and that neither of these two receivers can 
tell the difference between band noise and the desired 
signal and thus will process both the desired station and 
the band noise the same.  

Thus, there would be no degradation or improvement in signal 
to noise ratio as long as we are talking about ideal receivers.

However, if the situation is a weak signal situation where 
the receiver noise floor is at least partially masking 
the desired signal, we have a different situation.  Band 
noise and stations on the band will both be correlated coming 
out of both receivers and thus get a 6 dB improvement.  On 
the other hand, the internal noise produced in each receiver 
is independent and thus uncorrelated.  While correlated 
signals add voltage wise (V + V = 2V or 6 dB gain), 
uncorrelated noise adds as the square root of the sum of the 
squares sqrt(V*V + V*V) = 1.4V or 3 dB gain.  

This means what when adding the output of two identical 
receivers, the band noise and the desired station signals 
will increase by 6 dB while the receiver noise contributions 
will increase by only 3 db.  You have in essence created a 
single composite receiver with a lower noise floor.  If you 
added just enough RF pre-amplification to overcome the signal 
splitting loss to N receivers, adding more and more receivers 
in parallel will produce a composite receiver that has a 
better and better noise floor.  This is in essence what the 
space telescope folks do.  They gang many dishes and many 
receivers together across a very large area to get an 
enhancement on the signal and space noise and a suppression of 
the effective receiver noise contribution.

Thus, if the noise floor of the receivers are the limit, 
listening to the same signal with two identical receivers 
will have the effected of reducing the receiver noise 
contribution by 3 db.  Conversely, that also means that if 
you are listening on 40m where the band noise is way higher 
than the receiver sensitivity, reducing the receiver noise 
contribution will be of no benefit.

- Dan Tayloe, N7VE
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[Elecraft] FS: K3 Panadapter plus accessories - sold.

2008-11-17 Thread Don Rasmussen
Thanks... 


--- On Mon, 11/17/08, Don Rasmussen  wrote:


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Re: [Elecraft] Special Log for this year's SS

2008-11-17 Thread Lee Buller

I wonder if someone could "borrow" his call with permission to put on a new 
one?  Just imagine the pile ups?  Was he in the master.dta file?

Lee - K0WA


In our day and age it seems that Common Sense is in short supply.  If you don't 
have any Common Sense - get some Common Sense and use it.  If you can't find 
any Common Sense, ask for help from somebody who has some Common Sense.  Is 
Common Sense divine?

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[Elecraft] K3 to Original Facotry Settings?

2008-11-17 Thread paul hendershott


Can the K3 be re-set back to the original Main Menu/Config settings that the K3 
arrived with? I have the latest firmware installed. Tx!
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[Elecraft] Filter questions

2008-11-17 Thread W5UN

I will ask here before calling Elecraft.

First, I have the following filters installed on the main rcvr, all 8 
pole: 6 Khz, 2.8kHz, 1.8 kHz, 400 Hz, 250 Hz.


There are two issues:

1. When I turn my 250 Hz filter on in config, and then select that 
filter (which is FL5 here)I can hear noise coming through but no cw 
signals come through. I can see the signals on my PowerSDR/LP-PAN 
setup and CW Skimmer. Signal comes through all the rest of the 
filters O.K. Yes, I opened the radio, and all the filters are installed.


2. I run CW Skimmer with my K3. When I change filters, the CW offset 
signal shown on CW Skimmer changes. I thought the 8 pole filters had 
no offset. Is anyone else experiencing this? Any comment appreciated.


Dave, W5UN

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[Elecraft] FS: K3 Panadapter plus accessories - reduced!

2008-11-17 Thread Don Rasmussen
My cost $395 - no offers at $350, will take first $275, and ship in original  
factory boxes - all items as new. 73, Don... 

Includes full hardware setup.

1. E-MU0202 USB external soundcard
2. Factory assembled LP-Pan
3. Connecting USB, audio, IF, and power cables.

You download the free PowerSDR and Ham Radio Deluxe. This sound card is the 
LP-Pan suggested full feature card with better than 160 khz display,
allows point and click on the panadapter display. 

will ship CONUS, please contact me directly only - no replies to the list. 
wb8yqj at yahoo dot com - Don 
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[Elecraft] Re: Help with distorted transmit audio

2008-11-17 Thread Steven . Zabarnick
I experienced this pinched audio problem this weekend. Using the current
beta firmware, I noted severely pinched transmit audio (using the transmit
monitor). It occurred on some bands but not all, and was present sometimes
on only one of the sidebands (i.e., when switching sidebands the audio
pinching was gone, and returned when switched to the original sideband).

The problem disappeared upon reboot.

Steve N9SZ


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[Elecraft] K2/100 for sale in London England

2008-11-17 Thread Andrew Forrest

Dear All,

Having got my K3 all running smoothly I'm now getting rid of my K2/100. 
It has a KAT100  antenna tuner in an EC2 case. Options on the K2 are the 
KDSP2 and KSB2. There are actually two KSB2s  One is Elecraft spec. and 
the other has been modified for wider bandwidth and smoother passband as 
suggested by KI6WX, also improves PSK IMD. This is the installed board 
and works very well. Radio was built be myself approx. five years ago. 
Serial no 3679. Has to make way for the K3. Is very good condition and 
has  all manuals, serial cable etc. I want £800 for it. Postage depends 
on distance, insurance etc.


If interested please contact me off list. My e-mail is correct on 
www.qrz.com. Don't dare put it on here unprotected.


thanks

  yours


Andrew Forrest
M1KAZ (K2 #3679,K3 #0499)

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[Elecraft] K3 Northwest Workshop Update 17 Nov 2008

2008-11-17 Thread Lyle Johnson

Hello All!

There have been two (2) cancellations so I have two (2) openings if you 
would like to attend this event but found out after registration was closed.


As a reminder, here is a summary of the event as announced on 31 October.

Who:

K3 Owners
Those seriously interested in the K3

When:

Saturday, November 22, 2008
Starts at 10:00 AM sharp.  Best to arrive 10 or 15 minutes early.

Where:

KK7P's Lab
18345 Osprey Ct
Mt Vernon WA  98274

(You can get directions from < URL:http://maps.google.com > with the 
above address)


What:

K3 Workshop

The goals are:

a) help anyone with a K3 to become more familiar with it;
b) allow non-owners a chance to get a good, hard, hands-on look at the 
radio;

c) provide a forum to allow owners to share their tips or experiences;
d) assist with mods/updates.

Schedule:

10:00 Welcome
10:05 KK7P Presentation: Distributed Engineering and the K3
10:45 Questions (and perhaps answers) and Tips

11:00 Demo of K3 Basic Modes of Operation
11:20 Demo of K3 Utility including Regular and Beta Firmware Updating
11:30 Demo of Diversity Reception
11:40 Demo of DVR!
11:50 Demo of 3rd Party Panadaptor(s)

12:00 Light Lunch and just hanging out

13:00 Prize Drawing (for K3 Owners only)
13:05 Help Folks with Mods on their K3s

Cost:

Free!

But please RSVP.

---

Elecraft has kindly donated:

KXV3 Rx Ant I/O, IF Output, and Transverter Interface

*and*

KFLA3-500 500 Hz, narrow 5-pole roofing filter

as door prizes.  Details of how the drawing is going to be handled will 
be provided at the event.


If you have a K3 or are seriously considering one, and you live close 
enough to make the trip, you won't want to miss this!


73,

Lyle KK7P

PS: I regret my home is not wheelchair- or walker- accessible.

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Re: [Elecraft] Special Log for this year's SS

2008-11-17 Thread Greg - AB7R
The December QST has a list of top 100 DXCC entities.I think KK7P was 
listed as 
number six or seven

-
73,
Greg - AB7R
Whidbey Island WA
NA-065


On Mon Nov 17  8:46 , Bob Nielsen  sent:

>
>On Nov 17, 2008, at 8:27 AM, Greg - AB7R wrote:
>
>> I don't know how unique this is but I actually had a QSO with KK7P  
>> during SS this
>> weekend.  Needless to say I was shocked!  At first I thought  
>> someone was hijacking
>> his callsign.  Lyle doesn't do contests.  But I recognized the  
>> voice and was soon
>> put at ease.  Then I wondered if Lyle was operating with his radio  
>> laid out on his
>> work bench in pieces...connected by a gaggle of jumper wires, or if  
>> he actually had
>> it all put back together.  No...I'm pretty sure it was in pieces.  :)
>
>Good grief!  I've known Lyle for nearly 20 years and have never heard  
>him on the air!  That should count as a rare one!
>
>73, Bob N7XY
>
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Re: [Elecraft] Special Log for this year's SS

2008-11-17 Thread Bob Nielsen


On Nov 17, 2008, at 8:27 AM, Greg - AB7R wrote:

I don't know how unique this is but I actually had a QSO with KK7P  
during SS this
weekend.  Needless to say I was shocked!  At first I thought  
someone was hijacking
his callsign.  Lyle doesn't do contests.  But I recognized the  
voice and was soon
put at ease.  Then I wondered if Lyle was operating with his radio  
laid out on his
work bench in pieces...connected by a gaggle of jumper wires, or if  
he actually had

it all put back together.  No...I'm pretty sure it was in pieces.  :)


Good grief!  I've known Lyle for nearly 20 years and have never heard  
him on the air!  That should count as a rare one!


73, Bob N7XY

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[Elecraft] Special Log for this year's SS

2008-11-17 Thread Greg - AB7R
I don't know how unique this is but I actually had a QSO with KK7P during SS 
this 
weekend.  Needless to say I was shocked!  At first I thought someone was 
hijacking 
his callsign.  Lyle doesn't do contests.  But I recognized the voice and was 
soon  
put at ease.  Then I wondered if Lyle was operating with his radio laid out on 
his 
work bench in pieces...connected by a gaggle of jumper wires, or if he actually 
had 
it all put back together.  No...I'm pretty sure it was in pieces.  :) 

Thanks for the Q Lyle!

As usual the K3 did great!  While I can't yet keep up with the likes of 
K5WA...I 
just can't get use to SO2R having to listen to different voices in each ear at 
the 
same time.  I have enough voices in my head to listen to without the 
headphones.  
But I did get just short of 1100 contacts and got the sweep too.  Puerto Rico 
was 
the last nail in the coffin.  I did use the second radio for tuning around on 
other 
bands for multipliers and that's how I found NWT and PR.

Thanks to Joe, W4TV and John, K3CT, the new IS filter codes for N1MM made it 
easy 
for switching from user-set wide to narrow filters where you can also specify 
the 
filter FC.  Once I had the K3 dialed in there was not much to do with its 
controls 
except for the RIT and an occaisional use of AGC controls when working a weak 
station aside from tuning the second radio listening for multipliers.

-
73,
Greg - AB7R
Whidbey Island WA
NA-065




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RE: [Elecraft] K3: Output power on PSK31 and AFSK

2008-11-17 Thread Jerry T. Dowell
Thanks to everyone for the information on setting up the K3 for digital
modes. My low power problem was solved by running TX gain calibration and by
setting the LINE IN gain for a couple of bars on the ALC indicator. Also, I
finally realized that most wattmeters will indicate half the actual power on
PSK since the spectrum is two-tone. This will be the case for all wattmeters
that actually measure the RF voltage, as contrasted with the bolometer type.

Jerry   AI6L



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[Elecraft] PA Temp

2008-11-17 Thread Todd Ruby

Would anyone know:

What would be the upper limits of PA temperature in ºC?

Also is there a way to go back to the original freq after calling up  
a freq in a memory slot?



TNX

73
de
todd
WB2ZAB

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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread Brian Alsop

Greg - AB7R wrote:

And of course it just came to me that the problem will still be there when DUAL is on regardless of 


using the external mixer box or not.  :)

Greg - AB7R

 

And of course, it is still another external box one has to add just to 
get any mixing.   Mixing that I'd much prefer be in the radio.


73 de Brian/K3KO


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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread Greg - AB7R
And of course it just came to me that the problem will still be there when DUAL 
is on regardless of 
using the external mixer box or not.  :)

-
73,
Greg - AB7R
Whidbey Island WA
NA-065


On Mon Nov 17  7:41 , Greg - AB7R  sent:

>I had the same problem and its due to the 3db drop when dual is on.
>
>
>I believe Dunestar has such a device on their website.
>
>http://www.dunestar.com/model842.htm
>
>-
>73,
>Greg - AB7R
>Whidbey Island WA
>NA-065
>
>
>On Mon Nov 17  7:10 , W7TEA  sent:
>
>>
>>I mentioned this just the other day.  By ability to copy the DX station is
>>much reduced when only hearing him/her in one ear.   I either have to crank
>>up the main rx AF gain considerably or go back to one rx and use REV.  I've
>>used a variety of audio filters over the years--none is necessary with the
>>K3 of course--but have not used an outboard audio mixer.  Any
>>recommendations on a mixer which would allow the main rx audio in both ears
>>and the sub in the right ear?  
>>
>>Gary W7TEA
>>-- 
>>View this message in context: 
>>http://n2.nabble.com/K3%3A-listening-to-both-rcvrs-
>tp1506160p1509772.html
>>Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
>>
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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread Greg - AB7R
I had the same problem and its due to the 3db drop when dual is on.


I believe Dunestar has such a device on their website.

http://www.dunestar.com/model842.htm

-
73,
Greg - AB7R
Whidbey Island WA
NA-065


On Mon Nov 17  7:10 , W7TEA  sent:

>
>I mentioned this just the other day.  By ability to copy the DX station is
>much reduced when only hearing him/her in one ear.   I either have to crank
>up the main rx AF gain considerably or go back to one rx and use REV.  I've
>used a variety of audio filters over the years--none is necessary with the
>K3 of course--but have not used an outboard audio mixer.  Any
>recommendations on a mixer which would allow the main rx audio in both ears
>and the sub in the right ear?  
>
>Gary W7TEA
>-- 
>View this message in context: 
>http://n2.nabble.com/K3%3A-listening-to-both-rcvrs-
tp1506160p1509772.html
>Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
>
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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread W7TEA

I mentioned this just the other day.  By ability to copy the DX station is
much reduced when only hearing him/her in one ear.   I either have to crank
up the main rx AF gain considerably or go back to one rx and use REV.  I've
used a variety of audio filters over the years--none is necessary with the
K3 of course--but have not used an outboard audio mixer.  Any
recommendations on a mixer which would allow the main rx audio in both ears
and the sub in the right ear?  

Gary W7TEA
-- 
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http://n2.nabble.com/K3%3A-listening-to-both-rcvrs-tp1506160p1509772.html
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Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)

2008-11-17 Thread Ian White GM3SEK

Ken_ke2n wrote:



I believe Ken's main point was that when code is stored in a K3 memory,
all the subtle articulation of hand sending is destroyed.  On playback,
any extended spacing is forced down to a standard letter space.



This is a known problem, but fortunately there is also a quick fix: a
simple prosign that inserts an extra half-letter-space when played back
from memory.


Well said, Ian.

This pro-sign is a proposal then? I do  not find it in the manual.



Very well, let's call it a formal request: a control prosign that can be 
used when recording CW into K3 memories, which on playback will insert 
an additional half-letter-space.


SP (run together) seems to be vacant.



--

73 from Ian GM3SEK
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Re: [K3] [Elecraft] Shipping Status of the KDVR3

2008-11-17 Thread David Ferrington, M0XDF

great news
--
Ok, so what's the speed of Dark?

On 17 Nov 2008, at 14:29, e72x wrote:



Hi,

Ships starting 11/30/2008. !!

73,
E72X,


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[Elecraft] FS: K3 Panadapter Setup LP-Pan

2008-11-17 Thread n6ax


On Sun Nov 16 21:00 , John Klewer  sent:


Includes full hardware setup.

1. E-MU0202 USB external soundcard
2. Factory assembled LP-Pan
3. Connecting USB, audio, IF, and power cables.

You download the free PowerSDR and Ham Radio Deluxe. This sound card is the 
LP-Pan suggested full feature card with better than 160 khz display,
allows point and click on the panadapter display. 

$305 delivered CONUS, please contact me directly only - no replies to the 
list.

http://www.telepostinc.com/LP-PAN.html


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Re: [K3] [Elecraft] Shipping Status of the KDVR3

2008-11-17 Thread e72x

Hi,

Ships starting 11/30/2008. !!

73,
E72X,






Toby Deinhardt wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
> According to :
> 
>  > The KDVR3 has been released to production and
>  > should be shipping in the next 4-5 weeks.
>  > (Mid-Late November.)
> 
> Now that we have reached Mid-November, is there any news when and if the 
> KDVR3 will start shipping?
> 
> I would simply love to receive mine in time for the ARRL 10m Contest in 
> December... ;-) But OTOH Elecraft shouldn't rush things, if the DVR is 
> not ready for prime time.
> 
> vy 73 de toby
> 
> PS:  I'd also love a KPA1500 for that contest... 
> -- 
> DD5FZ (ex 4n6fz, dj7mgq, dg5mgq, dd5fz)
> K2 #885, K2/100 #3248, K3/100 #67
> 
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Re: [Elecraft] K3: listening to both rcvrs

2008-11-17 Thread Bill W4ZV



Vic K2VCO wrote:
> 
> Joe Subich, W4TV wrote:
> 
>> The K3 receivers are better isolated that other "dual receiver" 
>> transceivers.  It would be a shame to degrade S/N by adding a 
>> mix control when it is relatively easy to do so externally or 
>> those who don't mind the hit in S/N. 
> 
> I just tested an experimental feature (I hope I won't be shot for 
> revealing this) which allows you (among other things) to put the main 
> receiver audio into both ears and the sub receiver into one.
> 

And this will be an optional menu configuration for those like Joe who may
not want to use it.  Win-Win for everyone, assuming Elecraft releases it!

73,  Bill

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[Elecraft] RE: K3 - How to get more headphone output.

2008-11-17 Thread list1
I rebuilt an old Proset last year.  When I called Heil the woman who
answered was very helpful.  I believe that some of the earlier Prosets
should have their speaker elements replaced with newer more efficient
elements.  Call Heil; the parts are very inexpensive.

Steve, W2MY

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Re: [Elecraft] K3 - How to get more headphone output.

2008-11-17 Thread Tom Hammond

Must admit that I've never been completely 'thrilled' with the performance
of my 10+ year old Heil ProSet cans when used with my K2 or my K3.

I've almost always had to crank up the AF Gain higher than that which gave
more than ample AF output to the attached speakers.

I've even gone to the point of considering trying to replace the OEM
headphone elements with some small 8-Ohm speakers... haven't done it (yet)
but it's certainly been on  my agenda to research.

73,

Tom Hammond   N0SS


At 16:31 11/16/2008, Bill W4ZV wrote:




Barry N1EU wrote:
>
> My Heil ProSet is 200 ohms and my max AF Gain is also 9-10 o'clock like
> Bill.  Make sure you have the config menu setting for AF Gain set to HI
>

Just FYI my AF GAIN is set to LO, and I still have plenty of gain.  I'm not
sure about the actual impedance of my Heils but I've never had any problems
with a TS-930S, FT-1000MP, Orion or the K3.  They were a little weak when
used with my K2 however.

73,  Bill

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Re: [Elecraft] More comments

2008-11-17 Thread Dr. Werner Furlan
Ross,

On 16 Nov 2008 at 21:17, Ross wrote:

> So what does the T mean, and is it the reason I cannot send CW, if it
> is what control removes it?  

the first question has already been answered by Dave.
The reason why you cannot send CW: maybe you forgot to activate VOX.
(besides operator related problems with sending CW like in my case...)

73! de Werner
OE9FWV

--
 Woran merkt man, dass Windows auf einem Computer installiert ist? - Die
Reset-Taste ist abgenutzt.



PGP-Key: 
Fone +43 5522 75013
Fax +43 820 555 85 2621
Mobile  +43 664 6340014


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Re: Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)

2008-11-17 Thread d.cutter
I used to do this with SuperDuper logging program from EI5DI and it reduced 
repeats a lot in contests.
David
G3UNA
> 
> From: Ken_ke2n <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Date: 2008/11/17 Mon AM 09:11:37 GMT
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)
> 
> 
> >I believe Ken's main point was that when code is stored in a K3 memory, 
> >all the subtle articulation of hand sending is destroyed.  On playback, 
> >any extended spacing is forced down to a standard letter space.
> 
> >This is a known problem, but fortunately there is also a quick fix: a 
> >simple prosign that inserts an extra half-letter-space when played back 
> >from memory. 
> 
> Well said, Ian.
> 
> This pro-sign is a proposal then? I do  not find it in the manual. 
> 73
> Ken
> 
> -- 
> View this message in context: 
> http://n2.nabble.com/Farnsworth-and-keyer-memory-loading-%28K3-Wishlist%29-tp1507132p1508617.html
> Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
> 
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Re: Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)

2008-11-17 Thread d.cutter
> I used to do this with SD = SuperDuper from EI5DI
David
G3UNA

> 
> >I believe Ken's main point was that when code is stored in a K3 memory, 
> >all the subtle articulation of hand sending is destroyed.  On playback, 
> >any extended spacing is forced down to a standard letter space.
> 
> >This is a known problem, but fortunately there is also a quick fix: a 
> >simple prosign that inserts an extra half-letter-space when played back 
> >from memory. 
> 
> Well said, Ian.
> 
> This pro-sign is a proposal then? I do  not find it in the manual. 
> 73
> Ken
> 

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Re: [Elecraft] K3 vs. HPSDR Mercury receiver

2008-11-17 Thread Geoffrey Mackenzie-Kennedy

David,

If you have not read it, the December 2008 issue of QST contains another 
review of the Perseus.


Although I own a Perseus, which I bought for use as a piece of test 
equipment, I do not own a K3 thus cannot compare their 'sound'. I can say 
though that I have never been comfortable with the 'sound' produced by most 
commercial amateur and military receivers which use DSP, but I do find that 
the 'sound' produced by Perseus, especially when a CW, SSB or AM signal is 
close to the ambient noise floor, is certainly not hard on the ears - it is 
quite mellow. Both its NB and NR work well.


73,
Geoff
GM4ESD



David Woolley (E.L) wrote:



Dave G4AON wrote:

Members of the RSGB may wish to sneak a preview of the December
RadCom article on SDR where the authors compare a K3 with a HPSDR
Mercury receiver and explain why the SDR sounds better than the K3
(noise through a crystal filter causing phase changes).


I've read the article and it is really comparing two types of SDR 
receiver, rather than SDR and analogue.


The type they are claiming the benefit for is one in which digitisation is 
performed at signal frequency.  The other type is the design used by both 
SoftRock and K3, in which the signal is first mixed down before being 
digitised.


The sort of noise they are talking about is impulsive noise, specifically 
atmospherics due to global lightening.  A filter with non-constant group 
delay will turn these from clicks to chirps.


It is possible the SoftRock will do better in this respect, because 
typical sound cards have a constant group delay anti-aliasing filter.


http://www.rsgb.org/membersonly/radcom/techfeatures/sdr_1208.pdf





--
David Woolley


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Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)

2008-11-17 Thread Ken_ke2n

quote
I would not like to see this added to the  K3. It's quite specialized,
unquote

Actually all the ARRL code practice tranmissions from 5-13 WPM use this
method of keying,
(obviously not sending with a bank of K3's)

Some of us "grew up" on this, back in the day when your novice license
expired in 1 year and you had to get from 5 WPM to 13 WPM in that time, or
go QRT. If I have to QRS for someone, I like to send the same way.

One way for the K3 program to do this, would be to insert one parameter into
the CW generation routine that reduced the number of 'clock ticks' for dots,
dashes and intraletter spaces, while leaving the inter-letter and inter-word
space alone.

Alternatively, you could extend the inter-letter and inter-word spaces and
leave the dits/dahs alone.

Seems to me not all that hard, if the keying is generated by software.

There are more sophisticated adjustments some keyers allow, related to QSK.
Those are the ones I consider to be 'quite sophisticated'.

 = = = =

just think of all the customization you can do to voice-

 8-band equalizer
 compression
 noise gate
 ESSB
 peak-to-average adjustment
 filter selection

CW is the poor cousin, by comparison.

Ken



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Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)

2008-11-17 Thread Ken_ke2n

>I believe Ken's main point was that when code is stored in a K3 memory, 
>all the subtle articulation of hand sending is destroyed.  On playback, 
>any extended spacing is forced down to a standard letter space.

>This is a known problem, but fortunately there is also a quick fix: a 
>simple prosign that inserts an extra half-letter-space when played back 
>from memory. 

Well said, Ian.

This pro-sign is a proposal then? I do  not find it in the manual. 
73
Ken

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Re: [Elecraft] K3 / HRD

2008-11-17 Thread Simon (HB9DRV)

Make sure you have the latest HRD for the latest K3 firmware.

http://www.ham-radio-deluxe.com/Downloads/tabid/54/Default.aspx

Simon Brown, HB9DRV
www.ham-radio-deluxe.com

- Original Message - 
From: "Don Wilhelm" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>


That is strange. Unless the computer is loaded down with other chores, 
HRD normally updates very quickly. You may want to check for 'gremlins' 
in your computer, or other things that are keeping the CPU busy.


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Re: [Elecraft] Farnsworth and keyer memory loading (K3 Wishlist)

2008-11-17 Thread Ian White GM3SEK

Vic Rosenthal wrote:

Ken_ke2n wrote:

I do not want to bring up the pro's and con's of Farnsworth CW (discussed in
many many posts in the elecraft forum, but not specifically in the K3 area).
 I would just mention that this is a pretty standard technique on 
EME, to

deal with libration fading.
 I was quite frustated to have to send by hand, or use an external 
keyer with

the K3, this weekend.
 Has somebody raised this to a wish list item?


I would not like to see this added to the  K3. It's quite specialized,
and I'm sure there would have to be a way to adjust the spacing. Not
everything has to be built into the radio -- that's why there are
external keyers, etc.



It's a well known feature of Morse Code that certain patterns of letters 
are more readable when sent with a small amount of extra spacing. Most 
operators do this automatically (and often unconsciously) when keying by 
hand, and in common with most other electronic keyers the K3 allows 
this.


(Declaration of personal interest: one of those patterns is "SEK".)

I believe Ken's main point was that when code is stored in a K3 memory, 
all the subtle articulation of hand sending is destroyed.  On playback, 
any extended spacing is forced down to a standard letter space.


This is a known problem, but fortunately there is also a quick fix: a 
simple prosign that inserts an extra half-letter-space when played back 
from memory. Obviously it isn't perfect - which is why some keyers like 
the Microkeyer allow much finer adjustment - but experience with keying 
macros in N1MMlogger and Writelog shows that the simple 
half-letter-space is a very good first step.




--

73 from Ian GM3SEK
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