RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Funny thing about this is that most experts that I've dealt with working at major ISPs who do nothing but deal with BGP and routing daily still don't get the configurations right the first time. I've never had a BGP neighbor setup go smoothly (i.e. take less than 2 hours), and it was never a problem on my side of the configuration. So don't blame yourself if you don't get it right the first time. And don't be afraid of it... Most experts, in my experiences, still make mistakes with BGP. -Original Message- From: Reimer, Fred [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 11:26 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Yes! Even I would not feel comfortable configuring BGP in a production environment yet, and although I don't have my CCNP yet, I did pass the routing and switching tests. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 7:32 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Dom wrote: And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Default routing. Wouldn't we all be better off if CCNAs would stay away from BGP?? :-) Priscilla Sorry Fred, not having a go at you personally, but these are points we all need to think about. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 09 September 2003 23:37 To: 'Reimer, Fred'; '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but to the best of my knowledge no one else has. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I was more referring to core ISP routers than edge (and I've certainly never worked for an ISP before, so I'm going on my experience and knowledge of routing protocols to surmise [guess] at what would be reasonable or not). If you have ISP engineers configuring the ISP router that is at the customer premise, then yes I would concede that there are probably a lot of default static routes, if not being the majority. As far as non-default static routes with different AD's, then I would certainly agree with you. I've used them myself extensively in multiple customer WAN configurations. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Howard C. Berkowitz [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 12:57 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] At 11:34 AM -0400 9/10/03, Reimer, Fred wrote: Yes, but the CCIE labs are supposed to be for ISP level engineers, who almost certainly won't be using default routes most of the time. It should be assumed that by the time you get to the CCIE level you have much experience in default routing. First, ISP level engineers are going to configure default routes for customers, and, indeed, there often are default routes in POPs, or in smaller ISPs. Second, the combination of static default routes with multiple administrative distances can get quite complex. Third, I am more bothered by the lack of static routes than defaults. Complex static routes, with alternatives, are common for traffic engineering. Blackhole static routes are extensively used. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75202t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
At 5:32 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Reimer, Fred wrote: I've always liked hex myself. A hex mask of FF.FF.F8.00 can be written as F800 and still mean the same thing. You obviously can't do that with 255.255.128.0 (255.255.128.0 != 2,552,551,280). While binary works the same way as hex in this manner, it is much to long for my tastes. Plus, hex is used a lot in programming languages when using values in bitmasks, so I'm more familiar with it. Also, there are only 5 hex numbers that you need to memorize for masks, F 0 8 C and E. And binary is going to be pretty hard to deal with when we get to 128-bit IPv6 addresses!? Indeed, hex is the IPv6 convention except for some special cases like embedded IPv4 addresses. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75203t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Cisc SAFE Exam [7:75200]
Hello all, I'm planning on taking the SAFE exam to wrap up my CCSP soon...can anyone that has passed/taken this offer what they used as study guides?? TIA, FW Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75200t=75200 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75204t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: IP Subnet calc. [7:75085]
Hey Steve, I saw these url's posted on the CCNA forums http://www.joopdog.com/StudyGuides/CCNA/Subnetting_ToddLammlesWay.htm http://www.joopdog.com/StudyGuides/Downloads/subnet10.exe Hope this helps Chuck C Steven Aiello wrote: Any one know a good free subnet calc. After realizing how many break downs, and how many subnetworks you would have to figure for CIDR, I would rather not do it with pan and paper. Free is good, for the calc. cost. Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75205t=75085 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Cisco Secure service stops for no reason.. [7:75189]
ACS will show messages like that when it backs up the database. It pauses, or interupts services to perform the backup. Normally the services should pick right back up very quickly, but if it doesn't for some reason, you will have to manually restart services. The same thing happened once with the ACS system I administer. So you might want to check into if there is a correlation between when this happens and when backups occur. -Aaron Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75206t=75189 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
BGP vs CCNP (For Fred R) [7:75207]
Fred R. You're obvious a pretty smart guy. Your posts here are very well structured and helpful. Don't put so much stock in the CCNP(NA) vs. bgp. I had my ccna only a few short months, when we went to multihoming with BGP. Do you really think that the small enterprise is going to use all the advanced BGP stuff to get it working nicely (route reflectors, confeds, clusters, etc). That stuff is for REALLY big Enterprises, and Bigger ISP's. I have never had to use more than route-maps, prefix-lists and next-hop self to get it working smooth. Also pretty much any ISP that runs BGP itself will allow you to advertise a /24 or greater. The only argument where the block comes from. MCI (formerly wcom/uunet) Qwest Sprint ATT Winstar (now owned by IDT) all have offered /24 and bgp for T-1 service. Several I use now. BGP for multihoming, load-balancing, and pretty much whatever else at the enterprise level is very basic and easy to design, setup and even troubleshoot. 1 thing I have always liked alot are the networkers troubleshooting BGP and design powerpoint files they put out ever year. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75207t=75207 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Howard C. Berkowitz wrote: At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Contemplating? I seem to recall a Cisco router blade that we tested in about 1990 that you plugged into a Snyoptics hub. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). I like the Queens English pronunciation better ;) Dave **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html -- David Madland CCIE# 2016 Sr. Network Engineer Qwest Communications 612-664-3367 Emotion should reflect reason not guide it Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75208t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Dialer-Watch driving me nuts!! [7:75107]
Configure so that ONLY R5 places a call R5 is the remote router Only R5 will have a dialer string statement. After R5 places a call, R1 needs to know how reach the source ping. It could be a manual or dynamic route. Does it help? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75209t=75107 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
At 3:17 PM -0500 9/10/03, MADMAN wrote: Howard C. Berkowitz wrote: At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Contemplating? I seem to recall a Cisco router blade that we tested in about 1990 that you plugged into a Snyoptics hub. Oh yes...just like they did with Cabletron. Those were OEM agreements rather than an actual merger. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). I like the Queens English pronunciation better ;) Dave Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75210t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Heh, I installed quite a few of those Cisco router blades in Synoptics hubs! I also liked their SPARC network management modules, but I don't think that had anything to do with Cisco. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: MADMAN [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 4:18 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Studying Switching [7:75030] Howard C. Berkowitz wrote: At 5:00 PM + 9/10/03, Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Tim Champion wrote: All the info relating to this book is good and I'm going to buy on the back of these reviews but... what makes people write switching related poems? Because if we don't laugh at ourselves then we have to cry! :-) You should have heard the explanations of a brouter back in the 80s. You think people are confused now, but they were even more confused back then! And now we have Layer 3 switches! Priscilla Brouter was bad enough. Then, when Synoptics and Cisco were contemplating a merger of Synoptics hubs and Cisco routers, the term (see the little green Cisco glossary) was Rub and Rubsystem. Contemplating? I seem to recall a Cisco router blade that we tested in about 1990 that you plugged into a Snyoptics hub. Later, when Cisco came out with combined hubs and routers, the official term was hublet. When I asked one of my classes if anyone knew the new term, someone replied houter? (use American pronunciation). I like the Queens English pronunciation better ;) Dave **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html -- David Madland CCIE# 2016 Sr. Network Engineer Qwest Communications 612-664-3367 Emotion should reflect reason not guide it **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75211t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Cisco SAFE Exam: My 2 cents [7:75212]
I took this exam a while back, i didn't take it serioulsy so I guess I need not say more, anyway make sure you read the documents and know them cold they are picky on this exam, their are questions that have nothing to do with the documentation but I guess the other exams you have possible take enroute to your CSSP should help, Sorry I can't offer adivce on what study guides to use. JUST know the docs. in and out Mark Kahugu Fred Wittenberg wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello all, I'm planning on taking the SAFE exam to wrap up my CCSP soon...can anyone that has passed/taken this offer what they used as study guides?? TIA, FW **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75212t=75212 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Cisco Professional Online Meeting tomorrow (Sept. 11) evening [7:75214]
Our first Cisco Professional online discussion will be held tomorrow evening from 8:00 PM EST to whenever. Our current plans are to meet in the GroupStudy voice chat room (room CCNP) every week to discuss topics of interest for people studying for CCNP level certifications. This first meeting we will decide on the schedule and topics of future meetings. We will also need volunteers to act as administrators of the room. Please try and test your setup before the meeting. Go to chat.groupstudy.com for instructions on how to participate. Take care, Paul Borghese Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75214t=75214 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Cisco SAFE Exam: My 2 cents [7:75212]
I took this exam a while back, i didn't take it serioulsy so I guess I need not say more, anyways make sure you read the documents and know them cold they are picky on this exam, some questions that have nothing to do with the documentation but I guess the other exams you have possiblly taken enroute to your CSSP should help, Sorry I can't offer adivce on what study guides to use. JUST know the docs. in and out Mark Kahugu Fred Wittenberg wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello all, I'm planning on taking the SAFE exam to wrap up my CCSP soon...can anyone that has passed/taken this offer what they used as study guides?? TIA, FW **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75215t=75212 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? So how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75213t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: DLSW+ filter [7:75192]
Hi, Have you considered something like this..?? dlsw icanreach netbios-exclusive dlsw icanreach netbios-name Name Also.. you will only see this in your local capabilities.. HTH, Sal Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75216t=75192 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Netmasks don't generate traffic, hosts do. :) Thanks, Zsombor Steven Aiello wrote: Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? So how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75217t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Well, I'm not a CCIE, but I don't think you need to be a CCIE to answer this question. The subnet mask has nothing to do with the amount of load on the network. A side effect of having a small network mask is that there are potentially more hosts on the network, which could mean that there is more broadcast traffic, but it's just a side effect; the small network mask doesn't cause the load, the number of hosts does. If you had 25 hosts on a /24 subnet, you would have the same amount of traffic as if you put them on a /8 subnet all else being equal. There are some things that could be different, but again they are side effects. For instance, if you had a network management device that sends ICMP echo requests out to every IP address in the subnet (and resultant broadcast ARPs) then there would be more load on the network. It is suggested that you use the proper mask for subnets though. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 2003 7:16 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213] Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? So how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75218t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: ??? Dumb Consultant ??? - Please Help [7:75213]
Steven Aiello wrote: Hello all, I need some folks with hopefully a CCIE to answer this question. If there is an un subnetted class A, and there are 25 or users on the network. would the fact that the network is unsubnetted cause a large load of network traffic? here is the reason and layout. Our company uses Xerox printers and they came with address 10.6.1.45 - 255.0.0.0 10.6.1.44 - 255.0.0.0 our clients are all on the same network using a DHCP pool of 10.6.1.100 - 10.6.1.150 even if there is broadcast it is one message across the network (lets say for Netbios name resolution) there is one broadcast not a unicast to 16,7xx,xxx some host. True. It will just be one broadcast packet and probably won't use a lot of bandwidth. It may be repeated a few times, but probably still won't use a lot of bandwidth. Only 25 hosts will answer correct? They won't all answer, just the one with the name that needs to be resolved. A lot of NetBIOS naming traffic is hosts announcing their own names actually. Nobody answers those. The issue isn't whether they answer or not anyway. Nor is it a bandwidth consumption issue, as you realize. It's an issue of eating CPU cycles on the hosts and NICs that receive the broadcast, which could be as many as 16,777,000 hosts with your current addressing scheme. Every NIC and host has to take in the packet, process it, and probably discard it, but still that could represent a significant amount of work. Your consultant is probably concerned that all devices are in the same broadcast domain. They all hear each other's broadcasts. If they are all announcing their names and trying to find each other by name and ARPing and RIPing and DHCPing, etc., this could become a performance issue on the hosts. Of course, you don't have nearly 16 million devices (25 you say?) so it's not an issue yet. Cisco recommends no more than 500 nodes per broadcast domain so you're pretty safe. The printers are going to broadcast at a particular rate regardless of the subnet mask. The packets they send probably aren't very big. They probably aren't using a lot of bandwidth But if you subdivided the network into multiple subnets and broadcast domains, using routers, not as many hosts will hear the broadcasts. The problem with broadcasts usually isn't a bandwidth consumption issue. It's a problem with the fact that a broadcast interrupts the CPU of every station in the broadcast domain. A lot of broadcasts can noticeably slow down an already slow computer with an old CPU. Nowadays, it would probably be a lot harder to cause a noticeable difference, CPUs are so fast. Anyway, your consultant may not be dumb, but she or he didn't describe the issue very well. Broadcast domains are covered in CCNA material, by the way. This isn't CCIE stuff. :-) Priscilla NetBSo how will a class A subnet mask cause this? Thanks for all input, please feel free to ramble, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75219t=75213 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
How to define right cisco hardware and software (IOS) [7:75220]
dear all, guys,.. Could anyone give advise about how to define the right - cisco hardware (module, chassis, memory, NPE etc) - cisco software (IOS type etc) thanks and looking forward to your advise guys. hin Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75220t=75220 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Problems with corrupt? NVRAM. [7:75221]
Hi, Has anybody ran into this problem? This is the version and the device: Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 12.0(10), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 20-Mar-00 21:43 by phanguye Image text-base: 0x0302F35C, data-base: 0x1000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 4.14(9.1), SOFTWARE uptime is 4 weeks, 5 days, 2 hours, 14 minutes System restarted by power-on at 13:51:20 NZST Sat Aug 9 2003 System image file is flash:c2500-i-l_120-10.bin cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 16384K/2048K bytes of memory. Processor board ID 01534863, with hardware revision Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. 1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 2 Serial network interface(s) 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) Configuration register is 0x2102 #sh start Using 1258048252 out of 32762 bytes %Error opening nvram:/startup-config (Permission denied) #erase start Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm] [Failed] %Error erasing nvram: (Permission denied) #sh file syste File Systems: Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes - -opaque rw null: - -opaque rw system: - - network rw tftp: *8388608 2660108 flash ro flash: 12288 0opaque ro flh: 32762 32762 nvram rw nvram: - -opaque wo lex: - - network rw rcp: - - network rw ftp: Problem is though the NVRAM seems corrupted. Anyone know of any CISCO bugs that relate to this issue? Can I also safely reload this router and safely boot back into its original config? Cheers Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75221t=75221 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
route add [7:75024]
Dear All, I have a very stupit quesrtion here. How am i by pass the proxy and route direct to the router. Pls comment !! Below is my diagram. 169.168.4.2/16 (my pc) - router (192.168.161.254/16)--Leased Line 64k--router (192.167.161.254/16)Proxy (192.167.3.34/16)---Internet router (192.167.3.35/16) My pc route print : Active Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway AddressInterface Metric 0.0.0.00.0.0.0 192.167.161.254 192.168.4.2 1 0.0.0.00.0.0.0 192.168.161.254 192.168.4.2 1 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0127.0.0.1127.0.0.1 1 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.2 1 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.255127.0.0.1127.0.0.1 1 192.168.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.2 1 224.0.0.0 224.0.0.0 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.2 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.4.2 0.0.0.0 1 This e-mail has been sent via JARING webmail at http://www.jaring.my Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75024t=75024 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019]
You can use the routers back to back with the v.35 cables..CCO has A write-up on back-back frame connections..or buy an 8 port serial Router... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Devraj, Prem Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 8:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi All, I am trying to setup a Lab for my CCIE. I do not have a Frame relay switch. And it seems to expensive to buy one. Does anyone have any ideas for a cheaper version of a Frame relay switch. My requirement is atleast 8 ports. A friend of mine told me it is possible to use a ordinary switch (I have tones of them) and use that as a Tunnel for Frame relay encapsulation. Any ideas or suggestions will be welcomed. Thanks prem *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75027t=75019 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
All the Best to #8593 [7:75029]
Congrats on your new venture. Best of luck. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75029t=75029 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Studying Switching [7:75030]
Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75030t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
delivery error (Thank you! , attachment name [7:75032]
Your mail seems to contain an attachment type which we don't allow for security reasons. If you need to deliver the file, please remove your attachment and email the person you're trying to reach to arrange for alternative delivery method. You might also run some anti-virus software on your machine to make sure this attachment was not generated by a virus/worm. thanks Original message header follows: -- From [EMAIL PROTECTED] Tue Sep 9 17:11:30 2003 Return-Path: Received: from INBRO228 (251.besecure.net.au [203.19.157.251] (may be forged)) by pop1.sydney.corp.yahoo.com (8.11.6p2/8.11.6/pop-au) with ESMTP id h897BSR04225 for ; Tue, 9 Sep 2003 17:11:28 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: From: To: Subject: Thank you! Date: Tue, 9 Sep 2003 17:21:22 +1000 X-MailScanner: Found to be clean Importance: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2600. X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Priority: 3 (Normal) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=_NextPart_000_485530D4 Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75032t=75032 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Undeliverable: Re: Approved [7:75034]
Your message To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Approved Sent:Mon, 8 Sep 2003 21:42:10 -0500 did not reach the following recipient(s): c=US;a= ;p=PROVANT;o=STAR?MOUNTAIN;dda:[EMAIL PROTECTED]; on Tue, 9 Sep 2003 02:58:13 -0500 The recipient name is not recognized The MTS-ID of the original message is: c=US;a= ;p=PROVANT;l=SERVER20309090758S2LD5G6W MSEXCH:IMS:PROVANT:STAR_MOUNTAIN:SERVER2 0 (000C05A6) Unknown Recipient From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Approved Date: Mon, 8 Sep 2003 21:42:10 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 See the attached file for details Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75034t=75034 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Kennedy Clark's book for lan Switching for CCIE... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Nakul Malik Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 11:31 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Studying Switching [7:75030] Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75039t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: OSPF demand-circuit does not work [7:74954]
Devrim Yener KUCUK wrote: what do you see when you do sh dialer on the calling router, as a dial reason? or debug dialer, debug isdn q931 will be telling you And sh ip ospf stat will show you activity of OSPF - remember that every change in OSPF topology can trigger dialer. -- EC Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75038t=74954 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Flapping on cat 4506 [7:75018]
ApiNG wrote: Hi ALL, Can someone help me to solve this problem pls (Urgent)? i found to many error on cisco cat 4506 and 4503, about Hostflapping. The following is an example of the console output (with sh log command): 4d23h: %C4K_EBM-4-HOSTFLAPPING: Host 00:10:4B:1B:4D:E4 in vlan 1 is flapping between port Po1 and port Fa3/2 4d23h: %C4K_EBM-4-HOSTFLAPPING: Host 00:50:DA:C6:C0:DE in vlan 1 is flapping between port Po1 and port Fa2/23 4d23h: %C4K_EBM-4-HOSTFLAPPING: Host 00:10:4B:6D:F3:9D in vlan 1 is flapping between port Po1 and port Fa2/25 4d23h: %C4K_EBM-4-HOSTFLAPPING: Host 00:20:ED:4E:A6:8E in vlan 1 is flapping between port Po1 and port Fa2/21 I had quite similar issue on etherchannel between 2924XL and 3550. Try to shut ports which create a channel and unshut them back to reestablish channel. Check if port channel is up after this. -- EC Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75037t=75018 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: router CPU utilization on access lists? [7:75002]
Elijah Savage wrote: I have actually been told by TAC before IP Input, for what it is worth :) Not much, anymore :-). It's been a *long* time (IOS 10.x?) since access lists were process switched, and thus would show up as extra time spent in 'IP Input'. Regards, Marco. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75043t=75002 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: CCNP exam changes...... [7:75044]
I've been working toward my CCNP for sometime. But Cisco have changed the exams twice recently. As my CCNA is only valid until Dec 6th this year, does this mean I'll have to do it all over again ?? Thx Tim Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75044t=75044 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019]
Hi Larry, I want to connect 8 port for a LAB Scenario which I have. I was thinking of buying a 2522, I was just wondering if anyone has any better ideas then buying this 2522 Thanks prem -Original Message- From: Larry Letterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 2003 9 9 14:27 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] You can use the routers back to back with the v.35 cables..CCO has A write-up on back-back frame connections..or buy an 8 port serial Router... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Devraj, Prem Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 8:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi All, I am trying to setup a Lab for my CCIE. I do not have a Frame relay switch. And it seems to expensive to buy one. Does anyone have any ideas for a cheaper version of a Frame relay switch. My requirement is atleast 8 ports. A friend of mine told me it is possible to use a ordinary switch (I have tones of them) and use that as a Tunnel for Frame relay encapsulation. Any ideas or suggestions will be welcomed. Thanks prem *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75045t=75019 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: CCNP exam changes...... [7:75044]
nope, you can mix and match old and new ccnp exams - Original Message - From: To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 5:31 PM Subject: RE: CCNP exam changes.. [7:75044] I've been working toward my CCNP for sometime. But Cisco have changed the exams twice recently. As my CCNA is only valid until Dec 6th this year, does this mean I'll have to do it all over again ?? Thx Tim **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75047t=75044 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
STM-1 channelized [7:75051]
Hi all, I am a new guy in Cisco world, before asking, I would like to explain about my network : 1. I have 8540 as ATM switch with DS-3 port and will be connected via ATM OC12 to other equipments (2 x 7500 series) Since there will be more bandwidth consumption for ATM (payload/ATM cell), so I decide to change configuration, I will not used 8540 ATM switch. I will use one of 7500 series as a backbone equipment with STM-1 Multichannel (PA-MC-STM-1). My question, is it possible to channel STM-1 down to DS-3, since in datasheet just support for n x E1 ? Or any other solution for my network. Best regards Gunawan Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75051t=75051 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75050t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
PBR on 7200 subinterfaces [7:75055]
Hi I'm trying to do policy based routing on a FE subinterface on a 7200 and am having problems at present, i.e. not working. I'm not sure if the router doesn't do PBR on subinterfaces or if I need a newer IOS version. I'm currently running 12.0.15.S3 Any help appreciated. Best regards Malcolm * This message has been checked for all known viruses by Primus Telecommunications through the Virus Control Centre. For further information on this or the Primus range of Voice, Mobile, Data internet business solutions call Primus Telecommunications on. Phone UK: 0800 8361234 E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] WWW: http://www.primustel.co.uk This electronic message contains information from Primus Telecommunications Ltd, which may be legally privileged and confidential. The information is intended to be for the use of the individual(s) or entity named above. If you are not the intended recipient, be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information is prohibited. If you have received this electronic message in error, please notify us by telephone or e-mail (to the number or address above) immediately. Any views, opinions or advice expressed in this electronic message are not necessarily the views, opinions or advice of Primus Telecommunications. It is the responsibility of the recipient to ensure that any attachments are virus free and Primus Telecommunications bear no responsibility for any loss or damage arising in any way from the use thereof. * Make a PrimusTalk PC to Phone call today! Go to http://www.iprimus.net to learn more. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75055t=75055 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Hello Nakul, I had the same problem when studying for the Switching exam. I don't like switches. I know that routers and switching are two different devices and perform different functions, but routers make switches look stupid. I guess that they are two different colors. If you are trying to get your CCNP, the fact is is that sooner or later you'll have to get involved with switches at work. At first, I did not like switch work, but then, when you get some experience, you can end loving them. I used the Cisco Switching Book from the Cisco Press Preparation Library (not Certification library), the one that goes in the C Prep Library, you can buy this alone. Like all Cisco Press books, is overwhelming, bored and makes your eyes close, but it is the best material for the exam, excellent. Take care and good look - Original Message - From: Nakul Malik Date: Tue, 9 Sep 2003 06:30:54 GMT To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Studying Switching [7:75030] Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Diego Martmnez Boqui -- __ Sign-up for your own personalized E-mail at Mail.com http://www.mail.com/?sr=signup CareerBuilder.com has over 400,000 jobs. Be smarter about your job search http://corp.mail.com/careers Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75056t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts 192.168.24.0/23 - 512 (400 hosts fit nicely) 192.168.26.0/24 - 256 (200 hosts fit nicely) 192.168.27.0/26 - 64 (50 hosts --) 192.168.27.64/26 - 64 (50 hosts --) 192.168.27.128/30 - 4 (I'm assuming /31 is not allowed, also) **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Aux port and modem connectivity [7:74909]
line aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 modem InOut What about modem out? Martijn -Oorspronkelijk bericht- Van: Robert Perez [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Verzonden: vrijdag 5 september 2003 17:49 Aan: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Onderwerp: Aux port and modem connectivity [7:74909] Guys, If I have a modem connected to the AUx port can can I harden the cisco so that it can make calls but will never be able to receive any calls? Here is kind of my config.. Thx,. interface Async65 bandwidth 28 ip address 192.168.116.64 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer in-band dialer idle-timeout 300 dialer wait-for-carrier-time 15 dialer map ip 172.20.241.1 dialer hold-queue 25 dialer-group 1 async default routing async mode interactive pulse-time 3 no cdp enable ppp authentication chap access-list 101 deny udp any any access-list 101 permit ip any any dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101 line aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 modem InOut modem autoconfigure discovery transport input all stopbits 1 speed 115200 flowcontrol hardware *** | Bob Perez | | Intercept Payment Solutions | | [EMAIL PROTECTED] | | 100 West Commons BLVD | | New Castle, DE 19720 | | Phone: 302.326.0700 | | Cell: 302.420.6883 | | www.intercept.net | | | --- | | || || | :|: :|: | | :|||: :|||: | | ..:|||:...:|||:.. | | ___ | | C i s c o S y s t e m s | | CCNA CCNP MCSE NET+ | | | *** Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any attachments, is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original message. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75059t=74909 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Let me give you a bit of a clue - For the 400 hosts you will need a /23 200 hosts you will need a /24 50 hosts you will need a /26 50 hosts you will need another /26 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed )and for these you will need /30s (/32s are possible but probably not what your class requires. If you need more help, please let me know, but try and work it out for yourself first. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Steven Aiello Sent: 09 September 2003 13:02 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75064t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
cisco routers for sale plus teltone isdn [7:75041]
I have the following list of equipment for sale!! 5 Cisco 2501 2 Cisco 2503 1 Cisco 2523 1 Cisco 2509 1 Cisco 2511 1 Cisco 2514 2 Cisco 2620 1 Cisco 4500 1 Cisco 3550 w/Emi 1 Teltone isdn simulator Please let me know if your are interested and they pretty negotiable. __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software http://sitebuilder.yahoo.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75041t=75041 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: route add [7:75024]
Depends what you are trying to accomplish. If it's for your PC, then just changed your default gateway to point to your internet router instead of the proxy (going off your active route list and not your little diagram which looks like it has some issues). There's probably quite a bit of relevant info you may have left out. thanks, -Brad Ellis CCIE#5796 (RS / Security) Network Learning Inc [EMAIL PROTECTED] www.optsys.net (Cisco hardware) Steiven Poh wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Dear All, I have a very stupit quesrtion here. How am i by pass the proxy and route direct to the router. Pls comment !! Below is my diagram. 169.168.4.2/16 (my pc) - router (192.168.161.254/16)--Leased Line 64k--router (192.167.161.254/16)Proxy (192.167.3.34/16)---Internet router (192.167.3.35/16) My pc route print : Active Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway AddressInterface Metric 0.0.0.00.0.0.0 192.167.161.254 192.168.4.2 1 0.0.0.00.0.0.0 192.168.161.254 192.168.4.2 1 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0127.0.0.1127.0.0.1 1 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.2 1 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.255127.0.0.1127.0.0.1 1 192.168.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.2 1 224.0.0.0 224.0.0.0 192.168.4.2 192.168.4.2 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.4.2 0.0.0.0 1 This e-mail has been sent via JARING webmail at http://www.jaring.my **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75053t=75024 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I get the same results as Marko, but this may lay it out so you (and others) can see the development: IP address = 32 bits Network portion = 22 bits Host portion = 10 bits Total addresses for host portion = 2^10 = 1024 Start with 192.168.24.0/22 Focus on the 3rd octet (network_host): 000110_00 400 hosts requires 9 bits (2^8 = 256, 2^9 = 512) and you will have some left in this block divide the /22 into two blocks of 512 addresses each: 0001100_0 (.24/23) and 000_0 (.26/23) use .24/23 for the 400-host network 200 hosts requires 8 bits (2^7 = 128, 2^8 = 256) and there will be some left in this block, too divide the .26/25 into 2 blocks of 256 addresses each: 0000 (.26/24) and 0001 (.27/24) use .26/24 for the 200-host network 50 hosts requires 6 bits (2^5 = 32, 2^6 = 64) and you will again have some leftovers divide the .27/24 into 4 blocks of 64 addresses each now looking at the 4th octet: 00_00 (.0/26), 01_00 (.64/26), 10_00 (.128/26), and 11_00 (.192/26) use the first two for the 50-host networks and the rest is easy My personal rule is to always start with the biggest blocks and work down from there. HTH Annlee Steven Aiello wrote: I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75069t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
No offense, but this is CCNA material. If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75066t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065]
I don't get any response when configuring a 2500 series router (no key strokes) through Hyper Terminal, 3 2500's doing the same thing. When I restart the router by resetting it I can see the boot process fine. Any ideas? Thanks in advance. This e-mail may contain confidential information and may be legally privileged and is intended only for the person to whom it is addressed. If you are not the intended recipient, you are notified that you may not use, distribute or copy this document in any manner whatsoever. Kindly also notify the sender immediately by telephone, and delete the e-mail. When addressed to clients of the company from where this e-mail originates (the sending company ) any opinion or advice contained in this e-mail is subject to the terms and conditions expressed in any applicable terms of business or client engagement letter . The sending company does not accept liability for any damage, loss or expense arising from this e-mail and/or from the accessing of any files attached to this e-mail. At present, the integrity of e-mail across the Internet cannot be guaranteed and messages sent via this medium are potentially at risk. The recipient should scan any attached files for viruses. All liability arising as a result of the use of this medium to transmit information by or to e-Innovation is excluded to the extent permitted by law. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75065t=75065 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Nakul, Hi! If you really want to learn about switching, I'd recommend picking up a couple of switches and learning hands-on. It will give you a chance to play around with different configurations. If you've got the bux, go with a couple of 3550s (it'll pay off after you finish CCNP and go for CCIE). If you can't afford that, go with a couple 1912s instead. thanks, -Brad Ellis CCIE#5796 (RS / Security) Network Learning Inc [EMAIL PROTECTED] www.optsys.net (Cisco hardware) Nakul Malik wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75052t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019]
Hi, guys: Why not consider 2523 i/o 2522 ? In the hardware spec, Cisco 2523 is the same as 2522, all the difference is 2523 is Token-Ring based, In eBay, you could find out that R2523 is cheaper than R2522, For the cost issues, I would suggest the 2523. If the cost/price is not the issues, maybe you could consider 4500/4700M+ with NP-4Ts, 4500/4700 has more horsepower than 2522/2523... Wilson - Original Message - From: Devraj, Prem To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 5:49 PM Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi Larry, I want to connect 8 port for a LAB Scenario which I have. I was thinking of buying a 2522, I was just wondering if anyone has any better ideas then buying this 2522 Thanks prem -Original Message- From: Larry Letterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 2003 9 9 14:27 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] You can use the routers back to back with the v.35 cables..CCO has A write-up on back-back frame connections..or buy an 8 port serial Router... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Devraj, Prem Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 8:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi All, I am trying to setup a Lab for my CCIE. I do not have a Frame relay switch. And it seems to expensive to buy one. Does anyone have any ideas for a cheaper version of a Frame relay switch. My requirement is atleast 8 ports. A friend of mine told me it is possible to use a ordinary switch (I have tones of them) and use that as a Tunnel for Frame relay encapsulation. Any ideas or suggestions will be welcomed. Thanks prem *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75063t=75019 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019]
Sure, you could use an older 7000 series router with 8 serial interfaces. You could also use a 2523. there is also a module for 26xx/36xx routers called an NM-8A/S which would also work. However the best solution is a 2522 or 2523. Old 7000 series routers are really big, extremely loud, and use lots of power. thanks, -Brad Ellis CCIE#5796 (RS / Security) Network Learning Inc [EMAIL PROTECTED] www.optsys.net (Cisco hardware) Devraj, Prem wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi Larry, I want to connect 8 port for a LAB Scenario which I have. I was thinking of buying a 2522, I was just wondering if anyone has any better ideas then buying this 2522 Thanks prem -Original Message- From: Larry Letterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 2003 9 9 14:27 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] You can use the routers back to back with the v.35 cables..CCO has A write-up on back-back frame connections..or buy an 8 port serial Router... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Devraj, Prem Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 8:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi All, I am trying to setup a Lab for my CCIE. I do not have a Frame relay switch. And it seems to expensive to buy one. Does anyone have any ideas for a cheaper version of a Frame relay switch. My requirement is atleast 8 ports. A friend of mine told me it is possible to use a ordinary switch (I have tones of them) and use that as a Tunnel for Frame relay encapsulation. Any ideas or suggestions will be welcomed. Thanks prem *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75054t=75019 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
OT: CCIE LAB equipment for sale in Germany (EU) [7:75048]
hi all, selling my ccie lab equipment ... will accept offers from germany/europe because I'm located in germany (munich) the equipment is used only a couple of days and can be regarded as new(except of the 2503 and cat2901) pls make offers via email thanks monti R1: 2610(16/48) 1 eth , WIC-2T R2: 2620(16/64) 1 feth, WIC-1T R3: 2620(16/64) 1 feth, WIC-1T, 1 ISDN BRI R4: 2610(16/48) 1 eth , WIC-2T R5: 2611(16/64) 2 eth , 2 WIC-2T (as FR Switch) R6: 2503 (16/16) 1 eth , 2 Serial, 1 ISDN BRI R7: AS2511-RJ (16/16) CAT2901 (4/20) IOS 12.1.15T 19 Rack Cable Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75048t=75048 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Here's a great resource: pad http://www.nanog.org/isp.html#cidr scroll down to CIDR and download Understanding IP Addressing: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know by Chuck Semeria Looking at your specific problem - think in powers of two. 400 nodes is greater than 256 but less than 512. Use /23 out of your allocation. 200 is less than 256 so use a /24. 50 is greater than 32 and less than 64 so use a /26 for each. The serial links each need a /30. Probably best to take the last /28 from the allocation and break it down into four /30s. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 7:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75070t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Aux port and modem connectivity [7:74909]
The fix was to implement the statement ats0=0 (causes the modem to never answer) in the modemcap entry or chatscript. I like the modemcap entry the best.. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 9:15 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Aux port and modem connectivity [7:74909] line aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 modem InOut What about modem out? Martijn -Oorspronkelijk bericht- Van: Robert Perez [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Verzonden: vrijdag 5 september 2003 17:49 Aan: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Onderwerp: Aux port and modem connectivity [7:74909] Guys, If I have a modem connected to the AUx port can can I harden the cisco so that it can make calls but will never be able to receive any calls? Here is kind of my config.. Thx,. interface Async65 bandwidth 28 ip address 192.168.116.64 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer in-band dialer idle-timeout 300 dialer wait-for-carrier-time 15 dialer map ip 172.20.241.1 dialer hold-queue 25 dialer-group 1 async default routing async mode interactive pulse-time 3 no cdp enable ppp authentication chap access-list 101 deny udp any any access-list 101 permit ip any any dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101 line aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 modem InOut modem autoconfigure discovery transport input all stopbits 1 speed 115200 flowcontrol hardware *** | Bob Perez | | Intercept Payment Solutions | | [EMAIL PROTECTED] | | 100 West Commons BLVD | | New Castle, DE 19720 | | Phone: 302.326.0700 | | Cell: 302.420.6883 | | www.intercept.net | | | --- | | || || | :|: :|: | | :|||: :|||: | | ..:|||:...:|||:.. | | ___ | | C i s c o S y s t e m s | | CCNA CCNP MCSE NET+ | | | *** Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any attachments, is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original message. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75074t=74909 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: PBR on 7200 subinterfaces [7:75055]
If you're trying to use the modular QoS CLI on subinterfaces its something of a mess - you have to create 'backpressure' at the physical interface level so bandwidth available is less than what your policy needs, or everything stays FIFO. I had a production network with this issue and I finally just gave up and pushed the QoS stuff out to the edge and crossed fingers on the core. Salmons, Malcolm wrote: Hi I'm trying to do policy based routing on a FE subinterface on a 7200 and am having problems at present, i.e. not working. I'm not sure if the router doesn't do PBR on subinterfaces or if I need a newer IOS version. I'm currently running 12.0.15.S3 Any help appreciated. Best regards Malcolm * This message has been checked for all known viruses by Primus Telecommunications through the Virus Control Centre. For further information on this or the Primus range of Voice, Mobile, Data internet business solutions call Primus Telecommunications on. Phone UK: 0800 8361234 E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] WWW: http://www.primustel.co.uk This electronic message contains information from Primus Telecommunications Ltd, which may be legally privileged and confidential. The information is intended to be for the use of the individual(s) or entity named above. If you are not the intended recipient, be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information is prohibited. If you have received this electronic message in error, please notify us by telephone or e-mail (to the number or address above) immediately. Any views, opinions or advice expressed in this electronic message are not necessarily the views, opinions or advice of Primus Telecommunications. It is the responsibility of the recipient to ensure that any attachments are virus free and Primus Telecommunications bear no responsibility for any loss or damage arising in any way from the use thereof. * Make a PrimusTalk PC to Phone call today! Go to http://www.iprimus.net to learn more. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html -- mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] phone:402-301-9555 After all that I've been through, you're the only one who matters, you never left me in the dark here on my own - Widespread Panic Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75073t=75055 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: 9E0-600 exam [7:75072]
Good-Afternoon everyone, I am preparing for the 9E0-600 exam, but am battling to gather comprehensive study material. I have been able to obtain relevant product documentation from Cisco's website, but am finding it difficult to get through. If anyone has any suggestions as to where I can acquire coarse-ware like material, (Guides and textbooks included) for the purpose of writing the exam, I would greatly appreciate any help. Best regards, Frik Voljoen. _ Sign-up for a FREE BT Broadband connection today! http://www.msn.co.uk/specials/btbroadband Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75072t=75072 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: router CPU utilization on access lists? [7:75002]
M.C. van den Bovenkamp wrote: Elijah Savage wrote: I have actually been told by TAC before IP Input, for what it is worth :) Not much, anymore :-). It's been a *long* time (IOS 10.x?) since access lists were process switched, and thus would show up as extra time spent in 'IP Input'. Yes, that's true indeed that access lists don't cause process switching anymore, so wouldn't show up in IP Input. Thanks for everyone's advice. It sounds like Marty has the right approach. Although access lists aren't process switched, they are generally fast switched unless the router supports some other feature (like silicon switching) or some fancy configuration like CEF or NetFlow? So, the thing to look for is a high utilization caused by interrupts (the number after the slash). I can't safely turn them off and test, so I think I will try to simulate the network and traffic in a lab to test my theory that they are an issue. It's a 2621 router with lots of entries in the access lists that are applied. I think it's time to offload a lot of the policy represented by the lists to a PIX firewall. Here's a good URL on troubleshooting high CPU util, by the way: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/highcpu.html Thanks Priscilla Regards, Marco. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75078t=75002 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065]
If you have flow control turned on, turn it off. What are your other terminal settings? For the 2500 series I believe you should be set to 9600, 8-bit, No parity, 1 stop bit. Some Cisco devices request that you use two stop bits so you might try that as well, but my guess is that it's a flow control problem. Regards, John Johan Bornman 9/9/03 9:19:56 AM I don't get any response when configuring a 2500 series router (no key strokes) through Hyper Terminal, 3 2500's doing the same thing. When I restart the router by resetting it I can see the boot process fine. Any ideas? Thanks in advance. This e-mail may contain confidential information and may be legally privileged and is intended only for the person to whom it is addressed. If you are not the intended recipient, you are notified that you may not use, distribute or copy this document in any manner whatsoever. Kindly also notify the sender immediately by telephone, and delete the e-mail. When addressed to clients of the company from where this e-mail originates (the sending company ) any opinion or advice contained in this e-mail is subject to the terms and conditions expressed in any applicable terms of business or client engagement letter . The sending company does not accept liability for any damage, loss or expense arising from this e-mail and/or from the accessing of any files attached to this e-mail. At present, the integrity of e-mail across the Internet cannot be guaranteed and messages sent via this medium are potentially at risk. The recipient should scan any attached files for viruses. All liability arising as a result of the use of this medium to transmit information by or to e-Innovation is excluded to the extent permitted by law. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75075t=75065 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Woops, one of the ranges is wrong. Should be 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.127) and not: 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) like I said. Given that you could move all of the latter subnets up, or leave open 192.168.27.128 for another /26 subnet. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Reimer, Fred [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 10:26 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] No offense, but this is CCNA material. If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75077t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Get a copy of Cisco LAN Switching by Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton. It's right up there with Doyle as one of the best networking books ever written. It makes switching fun again! ;-) It's well written, technicaly accurate and interesting, and it doesn't just throw the latest marketing trends at you with no explanation of their history, like some switching material does. Also, CertificationZone has some good articles and study materials for switching. By the way, switching isn't as dull as it might seem. The spanning tree algorithm can be quite interesting to study. And there are enhancements to it now like 802.1s (multiple spanning trees) and 802.1w (rapid spanning tree protocol). Good luck! Priscilla Oppenheimer Nakul Malik wrote: Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75076t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
CIDR - I was dumb - thanks every one [7:75079]
I think I was over looking something very simple. CLASS-LESS! If I understand things correctly. If I have 10 bits for my host section I have a total of 1024 hosts. What I was stuck on is liner break down dividing subnets in factors of 2. But ( here was my mistake ) by powers of 2, I'm not sure if I'm explaining it right, but I think I got it. I was over thinking the problem! Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75079t=75079 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
ATM or 3550 [7:75082]
Group, I'm planning on purchasing my final addition to my RS home lab sometime this month. I'm having a hard time deciding if I should add another 3550 (I have one already) or if I should pick up a Lightstream 1010 with two 4500s that have an OC3 MM interface. ATM for the 3600s is way too expensive for me. Any suggestions would be appreciated. -dave Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75082t=75082 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75081t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75080t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: speed 1000 nonegotiate [7:74940]
Well, remember that same software sometimes run on different hardware platforms that could have different speed capabilities. The fact that you don't see it doesn't mean is not used. Aurelian Georgescu -Original Message- From: softmap [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:48 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: speed 1000 nonegotiate [7:74940] Thanks your response.Mr. Georgescu but I think the speed 1000 option isn't need, If you configure speed 1000 option at Giga Ethernet interface, when you use sh run, you can't see any about it in running-config, in fact,it is default!!! Why Cisco add the option in the here?? - Original Message - From: Georgescu, Aurelian To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 AM Subject: RE: speed 1000 nonegotiate [7:74940] | They are mainly for compatibility purpose (especially nonegotiate). The | default for Cisco is negotiate, but some equipment out there will not | respond to negotiation. In that case Cisco assumes nothing is connected and | shuts the port down. | | Aurelian Georgescu | | | -Original Message- | From: soft map [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] | Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 1:41 AM | To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] | Subject: speed 1000 nonegotiate [7:74940] | | I have a Cisco7606 Router,but when I configure the GigaInterface Speed, | there are two option---1000,nonegotiate. | | H,I can't see much difference in them(the two option). | | Cisco7606#config ter | Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. | Cisco7606(config)#inter gi2/4 | Cisco7606(config-if)#sp | Cisco7606(config-if)#spee | Cisco7606(config-if)#speed ? | 1000 Force 1000 Mbps operation | nonegotiate Do not negotiate speed | **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: | http://shop.groupstudy.com | FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: | http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html | | | | | **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: | http://shop.groupstudy.com | FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html | **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75083t=74940 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75086]
Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75086t=75086 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
IP Subnet calc. [7:75085]
Any one know a good free subnet calc. After realizing how many break downs, and how many subnetworks you would have to figure for CIDR, I would rather not do it with pan and paper. Free is good, for the calc. cost. Steve Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75085t=75085 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75087]
I was stuck on the idea that you could ONLY re subnet a remaining piece of a subnetwork. And not apply a mask to the whole span of the total available network. You can (unless I'm incorrect here) you just have to watch out for address over lap neer your subnetwork boundries. I think I got it. Man I love this news group! Steve Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75087t=75087 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
failure notice [7:75084]
Hi. This is the qmail-send program at mx4.jmail.co.jp. I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. : Sorry, no mailbox here by that name. (#5.1.1) --- Below this line is a copy of the message. Return-Path: Received: (qmail 25300 invoked from network); 9 Sep 2003 16:00:38 - Received: from 12-249-103-63.client.attbi.com (HELO RENAMEME) (12.249.103.63) by mx4.jmail.co.jp with SMTP; 9 Sep 2003 16:00:38 - From: To: Subject: Thank you! Date: Tue, 9 Sep 2003 11:02:50 --0500 X-MailScanner: Found to be clean Importance: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2600. X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Priority: 3 (Normal) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=_NextPart_000_48F43304 X-Spam-Rating: mx4.jmail.co.jp 1.6.2 0/1000/N This is a multipart message in MIME format --_NextPart_000_48F43304 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Please see the attached file for details. --_NextPart_000_48F43304-- Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75084t=75084 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
www.solarwinds.net Steven Aiello wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75088t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
Steven Aiello 9/9/03 11:18:51 AM Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve Wouldn't it _have_ to be free if your budget is nil? ;-) You might want to check out MRTG and WhatsUp Gold: http://mrtg.hdl.com/mrtg.html http://www.ipswitch.com/products/WhatsUp/index.html HTH, John Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75089t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Priscilla, Didn't Radia write a poem that starts something like I have never seen a tree as lovely as a spanning tree? BTW, is it still possible to get a free copy of 802.1s w. I looked on the IEEE site but couldn't find them. Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Get a copy of Cisco LAN Switching by Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton. It's right up there with Doyle as one of the best networking books ever written. It makes switching fun again! ;-) It's well written, technicaly accurate and interesting, and it doesn't just throw the latest marketing trends at you with no explanation of their history, like some switching material does. Also, CertificationZone has some good articles and study materials for switching. By the way, switching isn't as dull as it might seem. The spanning tree algorithm can be quite interesting to study. And there are enhancements to it now like 802.1s (multiple spanning trees) and 802.1w (rapid spanning tree protocol). Good luck! Priscilla Oppenheimer Nakul Malik wrote: Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75090t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:33 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75092t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75094]
The key is that you must completely unlearn classful thinking. Forget that you ever learned it. Completely ignore any prior classful subnet boundaries that you were forced to memorize. It's all just one big IP address space that you choose to carve up any way you like. As long as you do it correctly and don't have any overlap the subnetting scheme is up to you. Another helpful tip: don't ever use classful terminology any more! Don't say Class A to refer to an 8-bit prefix or subnet mask; don't say Class C to refer to a 24-bit mask, or /24. That will help move your brain away from that type of thinking. Think of your address space as a big pie, and each time you cut a segment in half you're adding one more bit to the subnet mask. Here's an example: You start with 10.20.30.0/24 (255.255.255.0) and we'll think of that as a whole pie. You don't need that many addresses in your subnet so you decide to break it up into smaller pieces. What do you do? Cut your pie in half (draw this out, it helps!). Your pie now has two halves and these represent two subnets with /25 masks with no overlap. Let's say you want to further subnet one of those subnets. Cut it in half again! You now have a /25 and two /26s with no overlap. If you further cut one of those /26 subnets into two pieces you have two /27s. See how easy that is? Draw this out on paper and write down your subnet information as you go, like this: 10.20.30.0/24 (10.20.30.0-255) becomes 10.20.30.0/25 (10.20.30.0-127) and 10.20.30.128/25 (10.20.30.128-255) 10.20.30.128/25 further subnetted becomes 10.20.30.128/26 (10.20.30.128-191) and 10.20.30.192/26 (10.20.30.192-255) And so on... practice it this way for a while and after a short time it will be second nature for you to subnet existing networks without accidentally overlapping them. HTH, John Steven Aiello 9/9/03 12:03:06 PM I was stuck on the idea that you could ONLY re subnet a remaining piece of a subnetwork. And not apply a mask to the whole span of the total available network. You can (unless I'm incorrect here) you just have to watch out for address over lap neer your subnetwork boundries. I think I got it. Man I love this news group! Steve Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info:
Re: router CPU utilization on access lists? [7:75002]
Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Yes, that's true indeed that access lists don't cause process switching anymore, so wouldn't show up in IP Input. Two exceptions that I failed to mention are logging and the side effect of a deny. By default, a deny causes the generation of an ICMP admin. prohibited unreachable sent to the source of the blcoked packet. Since packets cannot be created in interrupt mode, process context is required. But these are rate limited to two/second by default as self protection. Plus normal traffic shouldn't result in very many denies. But you can inhibit this entirely by configuring no ip unreachables on an interface. If the matching ACE has the log keyword, then process context is required to create the log message and perform normal logging. This too is rate-limited. Thanks for everyone's advice. It sounds like Marty has the right approach. Although access lists aren't process switched, they are generally fast switched unless the router supports some other feature (like silicon switching) or some fancy configuration like CEF or NetFlow? So, the thing to look for is a high utilization caused by interrupts (the number after the slash). I can't safely turn them off and test, so I think I will try to simulate the network and traffic in a lab to test my theory that they are an issue. It's a 2621 router with lots of entries in the access lists that are applied. I think it's time to offload a lot of the policy represented by the lists to a PIX firewall. You can tune the lists by letting it run for a while and then noting the match counts (show access-list). Within each grouping of permit entries, you can reorder the statements to reduce the number of entries that must be compared to reach a match. If the ACL processing is as efficient as possible but is really impacting CPU utilization, then you could enable the turbo ACL feature (access-list compiled). Unfortunately, that's still only available on higher-end platforms, from 3700s on up. Here's a good URL on troubleshooting high CPU util, by the way: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/highcpu.html Thanks Priscilla - Marty Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75095t=75002 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: IP Subnet calc. [7:75085]
Boson test have a free one.. Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Steven Aiello Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 10:15 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: IP Subnet calc. [7:75085] Any one know a good free subnet calc. After realizing how many break downs, and how many subnetworks you would have to figure for CIDR, I would rather not do it with pan and paper. Free is good, for the calc. cost. Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75093t=75085 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019]
If you want to do more than j/a frame switch, than a 7000 would be ideal. Fast ethernet, atm, and frame-relay switch all in one. - Original Message - From: Devraj, Prem To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 4:49 AM Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi Larry, I want to connect 8 port for a LAB Scenario which I have. I was thinking of buying a 2522, I was just wondering if anyone has any better ideas then buying this 2522 Thanks prem -Original Message- From: Larry Letterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 2003 9 9 14:27 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] You can use the routers back to back with the v.35 cables..CCO has A write-up on back-back frame connections..or buy an 8 port serial Router... Larry Letterman Cisco Systems -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Devraj, Prem Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 8:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Frame Relay Switch [7:75019] Hi All, I am trying to setup a Lab for my CCIE. I do not have a Frame relay switch. And it seems to expensive to buy one. Does anyone have any ideas for a cheaper version of a Frame relay switch. My requirement is atleast 8 ports. A friend of mine told me it is possible to use a ordinary switch (I have tones of them) and use that as a Tunnel for Frame relay encapsulation. Any ideas or suggestions will be welcomed. Thanks prem *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html *** Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is the marketing name used globally to represent the investment banking activities of Dresdner Bank Group. In Japan, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein is represented by Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (Japan) Limited, Tokyo Branch or Dresdner Bank AG, Tokyo Branch. If you have received this e-mail in error or wish to read our e-mail disclaimer statement and monitoring policy, please refer to http://www.drkw.com/disc/email/ or contact the sender. *** **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75097t=75019 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
page 58, Interconnections, 2e Algorhyme I think that I shall never see A graph more lovely than a tree. A tree whose crucial property Is loop-free connectivity. A tree that must be sure to span So packets can reach every LAN. Firest, the root must be selected. By ID, it is elected. Least-cost paths from root are traced. In the tree, these paths are placed. A mesh is made by folks like me, Then bridges find a spanning tree. --Radia Perlman Tom Lisa wrote: Priscilla, Didn't Radia write a poem that starts something like I have never seen a tree as lovely as a spanning tree? BTW, is it still possible to get a free copy of 802.1s w. I looked on the IEEE site but couldn't find them. Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Get a copy of Cisco LAN Switching by Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton. It's right up there with Doyle as one of the best networking books ever written. It makes switching fun again! ;-) It's well written, technicaly accurate and interesting, and it doesn't just throw the latest marketing trends at you with no explanation of their history, like some switching material does. Also, CertificationZone has some good articles and study materials for switching. By the way, switching isn't as dull as it might seem. The spanning tree algorithm can be quite interesting to study. And there are enhancements to it now like 802.1s (multiple spanning trees) and 802.1w (rapid spanning tree protocol). Good luck! Priscilla Oppenheimer Nakul Malik wrote: Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75110t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75101]
From what you say, I think you have it, but I'm not sure. Starting from the
bottom of a /24 subnet (Class C), you could have a /26 subnet, then two /27
subnets, then four /28 subnets, and finally another /26 subnet. Or you
could have two /28 subnets, one /27 subnet, one /26 subnet, followed by a
/25 subnet. The combination, and order, does not really matter, as long as
no IP addresses within the subnets overlap.
For instance, you couldn't have a /26 (64 addresses) followed by a /25 (128
addresses), followed by a /26 (64 addresses). Why? Because there can't be
any overlaps. The 64 would start at .0 and go to .63. The 128 would
start... Where? It can't start at .64, because that's in the middle of say
192.168.24.0/25 (which is 192.168.24.0-192.168.24.127). It would need to
start at .0 or .128. If it started at .128 then it would extend to .255, in
which case there wouldn't be room for the last /26 subnet. So, you re-order
them and use either a /26, /26, and /25, or /25, /26, and /26.
Remember, the whole classful/classless thing is routing protocol specific.
It has nothing to do with how hosts view IP addresses, or make routing
decisions (meaning whether to send it to a router or if the address is
local). The source code for a TCP/IP stack may look something like this:
# Assuming addresses/masks are 32-bit numbers, not dotted decimal
# string representations of addresses/masks.
# $ip_src is the IP address of the outgoing interface on the host
# $ip_dst is the IP address of the destination
# $ip_mask is the subnet mask on the outgoing interface
# $ip_gateway is the IP address of the default gateway
# check to see if destination address is in same subnet as our interface
if (($ip_src $ip_mask) == ($ip_dst $ip_mask)) {
# send directly to destination, possibly arping out first
} else {
# send to default gateway, $ip_gateway,
# possibly arping out first
}
There would obviously be more logic in there as you may have more than one
route and not a single default gateway, but the important point is that it
does not matter about the classfulness or classlessness of the subnet
mask. The host doesn't give a hoot. As long as the source and the
destination both agree whether they are in the same subnet or not everything
works fine. If they don't, you may need some ancient hack like proxy ARP,
but I don't know anyone in their right mind that would recommend
purposefully MIS-configuring a network so that it is required.
Fred Reimer - CCNA
Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338
Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050
NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which
may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s).
If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please
notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named
recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print
or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer.
-Original Message-
From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:21 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out
[7:75087]
I was stuck on the idea that you could ONLY re subnet a remaining piece
of a subnetwork. And not apply a mask to the whole span of the total
available network. You can (unless I'm incorrect here) you just have to
watch out for address over lap neer your subnetwork boundries.
I think I got it.
Man I love this news group!
Steve
Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote:
Reimer, Fred wrote:
No offense, but this is CCNA material.
Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing
that's
hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a
classful
system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't
something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking
Academy books teach it from the start now.)
Priscilla
If you are going for
your CCNP, then
you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But
anyway...
If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would
have a /23
mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign
it to that:
192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255)
Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within
a /24 subnet,
so assign the next available to that:
192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255)
Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original
192.168.24.0/23
(which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two
50's, so that
should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them:
192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63)
192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191)
Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each,
which would
fit within /30 subnets. So assign:
RE: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
Free Trial, $59 to buy. http://www.networkview.com/ -Evan -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of John Neiberger Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:44 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081] Steven Aiello 9/9/03 11:18:51 AM Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve Wouldn't it _have_ to be free if your budget is nil? ;-) You might want to check out MRTG and WhatsUp Gold: http://mrtg.hdl.com/mrtg.html http://www.ipswitch.com/products/WhatsUp/index.html HTH, John **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75103t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
Steven Aiello wrote in message ... Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? unix-based free / open-source: netsaint, nagios, zabbix, rtg, rt-snmp (ticketing system with snmp hooks), jffnms, cricket, cacti, percival, nocol, nmis, net-snmp, snmptt, sec, et al. of the above, i've used rtg, cricket, cacti, nocol, and net-snmp. most people prefer to use net-snmp libraries along with mysql libraries and build their own interface using perl, python, php and/or javascript on a unix box running apache. this site lists some of the above: http://inet-ops.stealthgeeks.net/software.html unix-based commercial: micromuse netcool (expensive), opsware (expensive), hpov nnm (expensive), open nervecenter (expensive) i've used all of the above except opsware. i can honestly say that hpov nnm is very likely worth the money (including the ecs designer) for snmp traps if you can't afford anything better (e.g. netcool mttrapd or even nervecenter is much better). the best thing about the commercial software is the support and consistency. if you are a serious IT/enterprise organization, you'll want to foot the bill for at least hpov nnm. you will probably want to get cisco syslog messages into your trap infrastructure as well. all of this takes customization, but at least with these products, you are customizing something standard and well-known, with a gui that most operators have seen, or are intuitively geared towards. -dre Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75100t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: IP Subnet calc. [7:75085]
This one's not bad ... and the price is right http://www.solarwinds.net/Tools/Free_tools/Subnet_Calc/ Steven Aiello wrote: Any one know a good free subnet calc. After realizing how many break downs, and how many subnetworks you would have to figure for CIDR, I would rather not do it with pan and paper. Free is good, for the calc. cost. Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75108t=75085 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Dialer-Watch driving me nuts!! [7:75107]
Hello,Can some help me figure out once and for all what this requirement means: Configure so that ONLY R5 places a call R5 is the remote router and R1 the hub router. This is what I thought I understood regarding the above requirement. Only configure the dialer map statement on the remote side NOT the hub side. I have verified this with Solie's examples on ISDN. This is correct but it just does not work!! Why??A dialer map statement is also needed on the hub side for it to respond to pings from the remote side. The moment I remove the dialer map statement on the hub side, pings start dropping. Can some one help me once and for all? The reason why I ask is: If this same requirement is asked in the Lab, points will be deducted if I use the dialer map statement in the hub side but then my goal would be to get points for working configs and this is the only way to get it to work!! Here goes: using dialer watch as a backup method.Hub side config:R1-TS#interface BRI0/0 ip address 133.10.30.1 255.255.255.0 no ip mroute-cache dialer map ip 133.10.30.5 broadcast 5553000 dialer-group 1 isdn spid1 055511 5551000 isdn spid2 055521 5552000 Remote side config:R5-RTD#ri b0/0 interface BRI0/0 description to R1-Hub rtr ip address 133.10.30.5 255.255.255.0 dialer map ip 133.10.1.0 broadcast 5551000 dialer map ip 133.10.10.0 broadcast 5551000 dialer map ip 133.10.30.1 broadcast 5551000 dialer watch-group 1 dialer-group 1 isdn switch-type basic-ni isdn spid1 055531 5553000 isdn spid2 055541 5554000 access-list 101 deny ospf any any access-list 101 permit ip any any dialer watch-list 1 ip 133.10.1.0 255.255.255.224 dialer watch-list 1 ip 133.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101 R1 is connected to R4 via Frame and R4 is connected to R5 via EthernetShut the F0/0 intf. on R5, Routes watched disappear, Dialer watch works it magic and now routes are learned via isdn:on R5:O 133.10.10.0/24 [110/1626] via 133.10.30.1, 00:00:04, BRI0/0 C 133.10.5.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 O E2133.10.4.0/28 [110/20] via 133.10.30.1, 00:00:04, BRI0/0 O E2133.10.1.0/27 [110/20] via 133.10.30.1, 00:00:04, BRI0/0 C 133.10.30.0/24 is directly connected, BRI0/0 Initial pings work:R5-RTD#ping ip Target IP address: 133.10.1.1 Repeat count [5]: 500 Datagram size [100]: Timeout in seconds [2]: Extended commands [n]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 500, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 133.10.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ! In the meantime, removed the dialer map statement on the hub side: Pings drop:R1-TS(config)#int b0/0 R1-TS(config-if)#no dialer map ip 133.10.30.5 broad 5553000 On R5:R5-RTD#ping 133.10.1.1Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 133.10.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Add the dialer map statement back on R1: Pings start working again:R5-RTD#ping 133.10.1.1Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 133.10.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: . Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/32/32 ms Bring back the F0/0 intf. up again on R5: Routes now learned via Ethernet;R5-RTD#r 133.10.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 4 masks O 133.10.10.0/24 [110/74] via 133.10.40.4, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/0 C 133.10.5.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 O E2133.10.4.0/28 [110/20] via 133.10.40.4, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/0 O E2133.10.1.0/27 [110/20] via 133.10.40.4, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/0 Any ISDN experts?? I have tried it numerous times!! Same result. Was just expecting a different result? Now is this what the definition of insanity really means ;- Thank you.Sincerely,Nuts ;-) Express yourself with MSN Messenger 6.0 -- download now! Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75107t=75107 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Studying Switching [7:75030]
Tom Lisa wrote: Priscilla, Didn't Radia write a poem that starts something like I have never seen a tree as lovely as a spanning tree? BTW, is it still possible to get a free copy of 802.1s w. I looked on the IEEE site but couldn't find them. Sure you can still get them for free. You have to agree to something. I just clicked on Accept. I don't know what I agreed to. ;-) Seriously, I think it was something about copyright, which is important... Anyway, just go to http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/ and click away. Much better than the old days when you had to pay hundreds of dollars, eh? Priscilla Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Get a copy of Cisco LAN Switching by Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton. It's right up there with Doyle as one of the best networking books ever written. It makes switching fun again! ;-) It's well written, technicaly accurate and interesting, and it doesn't just throw the latest marketing trends at you with no explanation of their history, like some switching material does. Also, CertificationZone has some good articles and study materials for switching. By the way, switching isn't as dull as it might seem. The spanning tree algorithm can be quite interesting to study. And there are enhancements to it now like 802.1s (multiple spanning trees) and 802.1w (rapid spanning tree protocol). Good luck! Priscilla Oppenheimer Nakul Malik wrote: Hi all, I started off studying routing and found it to be a topic that interested me a lot. I just couldn't get enough of halabi Doyle and the rest. I studied a lot, practiced a lot and was thrilled when I passed the exam in beta. Next I started studying for switching. That didn't turn out as well as I thought it would. I couldn't just work up the same level of interest. I have been analyzing the reasons and have come up with the following: 1. I've never worked with switches much, so I don't know too much about them, as opposed to routers. 2. Study materials. I've been wondering, has anyone else faced similar problems in their quest for CCNP. Also, could someone recommend some good materials/resources for switching other than the official Cisco book? Any/all answers would be appreciated. Thanks. -N -- Nakul Malik H-342 New Rajendra Nagar New Delhi - 110060 Mobile: +91-9811424477 Ph: +91-11- 2582 3488 +91-11- 2585 0155 Fax:: +91-11- 2575 2904 [EMAIL PROTECTED] **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75104t=75030 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: IP Subnet calc. [7:75085]
www.solarwinds.net has a nice one. At 05:15 PM 9/9/2003 +, Steven Aiello wrote: Any one know a good free subnet calc. After realizing how many break downs, and how many subnetworks you would have to figure for CIDR, I would rather not do it with pan and paper. Free is good, for the calc. cost. Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html ++ Darren S. Crawford - CCNP, CCDP, CISSP Sr. Network Systems Consultant International Network Services E-Mail: MailTo:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Epager: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Pager: 1-800-467-1467 Providing the Power Operable Networks. ++ Ham and Eggs - A day's work for a chicken; A lifetime commitment for a pig. Unknown Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75111t=75085 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certification_type_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly upping the ante, and I wish Cisco would get clear as to what skill sets are appropriate at what certification level. Cisco tends to be all over the map on this, and has been the netire time I have been playing at certification. But in general, I believe the idea is that CCxA is beginner, CCxP is intermediate, and CCIE is high level. as with all things certification related, YMMV. I've known CCNA's who manage large networks, and I've known CCIE's whose knowledge of certain specific areas was less than expert. As can be expected, depending on experience, job, place of employment, years in the field, etc. Chuck Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:33 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer.
Re: CIDR - I was dumb - thanks every one [7:75079]
Don't feel bad, I have spent time trying to figure out why no layer 3 connectivity only to realize I was working w/old IOS that did not have no ip classless by default Steven Aiello wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I think I was over looking something very simple. CLASS-LESS! If I understand things correctly. If I have 10 bits for my host section I have a total of 1024 hosts. What I was stuck on is liner break down dividing subnets in factors of 2. But ( here was my mistake ) by powers of 2, I'm not sure if I'm explaining it right, but I think I got it. I was over thinking the problem! Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75116t=75079 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
We are now teaching VLSM/CIDR in the CCNA curriculum. Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem Priscilla Oppenheimer wrote: Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that: 192.168.26.0/24 (192.168.26.0-192.168.26.255) Now you only have 192.168.27.0/24 left from the original 192.168.24.0/23 (which covered 192.168.24.0-192.168.27.255). You need two 50's, so that should fit within /26 subnets each. Assign them: 192.168.27.0/26 (192.168.27.0-192.168.27.63) 192.168.27.64/26 (192.168.27.64-192.168.27.191) Finally, you need three subnets that can have two hosts each, which would fit within /30 subnets. So assign: 192.168.27.192/30 192.168.27.196/30 192.168.27.200/30 Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 8:02 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I just started my routing class for my CCNP. We are covering CIDR. The book is VEERY vague on how the bit patterns break down and are used. This was a problem posed in one of my CCNP labs I have network number 192.168.24.0 / 22 from this I need networks with 400 hosts 200 hosts 50 hosts 50 hosts 2 hosts (for serial int - no ip un-numbered allowed ) 2 hosts 2 hosts Also no NATing Thanks all I really could use the help Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75118t=75050 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
home lab equipment [7:75115]
Group, I'm planning on purchasing my final addition to my RS home lab sometime this month. I'm having a hard time deciding if I should add another 3550 (I have one already) or if I should pick up a Lightstream 1010 with two 4500s that have an OC3 MM interface. ATM for the 3600s is way too expensive for me. Any suggestions would be appreciated. (Sorry if this message is a dub) -dave Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75115t=75115 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
It might be helpful if you could describe what you want to monitor. For utilization MRTG works well, and it's free, though it's a bit strange to set up the first time through. Also, Solarwinds is pretty inexpensive, and does utilization and other router/switch stats (CPU, memory, errors, etc..) through SNMP. -Original Message- From: Steven Aiello [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tue 9/9/2003 11:41 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: Subject: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081] Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75114t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
Surprise...it depends. If you're looking for something to monitor and graph things like bandwidth, cpu and memory for a couple hundred targets so MRTG is perfect. Since it is Perl based MRTG is available for most platforms. If you also want to monitor up/down status, Windows/Unix/Netware servers and do alerting then something like Servers Alive(http://www.woodstone.nu) is great. It's free for up to 10 targets and the top end version is $179.00USD. This only runs on Windows. Nagios is a great alternative for *nix. -Kevin -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Steven Aiello Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:42 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081] Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75117t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081]
Steven, There's a great little program on SourceForge that's growing in popularity and IMHO is going to become a great NMS tool. It Integrates Syslog, Tacacs, RRDtool (Performance Graphs), Maps, Traps, TFTP, Autodiscovery, Sound Alerts, AAA, Modular and Extensible.It uses a database backend to store all the data as well (good for trend analysis). The documentation is pretty good and if you have/know how unix it's pretty easy to get up and running. There is also a windoze port for the non-*nix folks. http://sourceforge.net/projects/jffnms/ HTH Nigel -- Original Message - From: John Neiberger To: Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:44 PM Subject: Re: Good network monitor prog. ??? [7:75081] Steven Aiello 9/9/03 11:18:51 AM Any one know of a good network monitor prog.? It doesn't have to be free but not to expensive. My budget is nill. Any recomendations? Thanks, Steve Wouldn't it _have_ to be free if your budget is nil? ;-) You might want to check out MRTG and WhatsUp Gold: http://mrtg.hdl.com/mrtg.html http://www.ipswitch.com/products/WhatsUp/index.html HTH, John **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75121t=75081 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065]
Verify that you don't have Scroll Lock enabled on your keyboard. -Original Message- From: Johan Bornman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 9:24 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Hyper Terminal - 2500 [7:75065] I don't get any response when configuring a 2500 series router (no key strokes) through Hyper Terminal, 3 2500's doing the same thing. When I restart the router by resetting it I can see the boot process fine. Any ideas? Thanks in advance. This e-mail may contain confidential information and may be legally privileged and is intended only for the person to whom it is addressed. If you are not the intended recipient, you are notified that you may not use, distribute or copy this document in any manner whatsoever. Kindly also notify the sender immediately by telephone, and delete the e-mail. When addressed to clients of the company from where this e-mail originates (the sending company ) any opinion or advice contained in this e-mail is subject to the terms and conditions expressed in any applicable terms of business or client engagement letter . The sending company does not accept liability for any damage, loss or expense arising from this e-mail and/or from the accessing of any files attached to this e-mail. At present, the integrity of e-mail across the Internet cannot be guaranteed and messages sent via this medium are potentially at risk. The recipient should scan any attached files for viruses. All liability arising as a result of the use of this medium to transmit information by or to e-Innovation is excluded to the extent permitted by law. **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75122t=75065 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certification_t ype_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly upping the ante, and I wish Cisco would get clear as to what skill sets are appropriate at what certification level. Cisco tends to be all over the map on this, and has been the netire time I have been playing at certification. But in general, I believe the idea is that CCxA is beginner, CCxP is intermediate, and CCIE is high level. as with all things certification related, YMMV. I've known CCNA's who manage large networks, and I've known CCIE's whose knowledge of certain specific areas was less than expert. As can be expected, depending on experience, job, place of employment, years in the field, etc. Chuck Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:33 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are going for your CCNP, then you should already have your CCNA and know the answer. But anyway... If you need a network with 400 hosts, the smallest subnet would have a /23 mask. So take the first part of your given network and assign it to that: 192.168.24.0/23 (192.168.24.0-192.168.25.255) Then you need one with 200 hosts. Well, that could fit within a /24 subnet, so assign the next available to that:
RE: home lab equipment [7:75115]
Which set of equipment (3550 vs ATM) can have the more devious requirements in the lab? If two 3550s then buy it. If the ATM then buy it. I'd lean towards the 3550 and rent time for the ATM. I have no LAB experience to back up my opinion. Be forewarned. -Original Message- From: Dave Williams [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:31 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: home lab equipment [7:75115] Group, I'm planning on purchasing my final addition to my RS home lab sometime this month. I'm having a hard time deciding if I should add another 3550 (I have one already) or if I should pick up a Lightstream 1010 with two 4500s that have an OC3 MM interface. ATM for the 3600s is way too expensive for me. Any suggestions would be appreciated. (Sorry if this message is a dub) -dave **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75123t=75115 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but to the best of my knowledge no one else has. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certificati on_t ype_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly upping the ante, and I wish Cisco would get clear as to what skill sets are appropriate at what certification level. Cisco tends to be all over the map on this, and has been the netire time I have been playing at certification. But in general, I believe the idea is that CCxA is beginner, CCxP is intermediate, and CCIE is high level. as with all things certification related, YMMV. I've known CCNA's who manage large networks, and I've known CCIE's whose knowledge of certain specific areas was less than expert. As can be expected, depending on experience, job, place of employment, years in the field, etc. Chuck Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:33 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking
Re: ATM or 3550 [7:75082]
My opinion you can rent one day of rack time for ATM and understand it. Dave Williams wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Group, I'm planning on purchasing my final addition to my RS home lab sometime this month. I'm having a hard time deciding if I should add another 3550 (I have one already) or if I should pick up a Lightstream 1010 with two 4500s that have an OC3 MM interface. ATM for the 3600s is way too expensive for me. Any suggestions would be appreciated. -dave **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7i=75130t=75082 -- **Please support GroupStudy by purchasing from the GroupStudy Store: http://shop.groupstudy.com FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
Fred, check out the archives for Howard's piece on the difference between 'Rocket Science' and 'BGP' when at NASA. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certificati on_t ype_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly upping the ante, and I wish Cisco would get clear as to what skill sets are appropriate at what certification level. Cisco tends to be all over the map on this, and has been the netire time I have been playing at certification. But in general, I believe the idea is that CCxA is beginner, CCxP is intermediate, and CCIE is high level. as with all things certification related, YMMV. I've known CCNA's who manage large networks, and I've known CCIE's whose knowledge of certain specific areas was less than expert. As can be expected, depending on experience, job, place of employment, years in the field, etc. Chuck Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Priscilla Oppenheimer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 12:33 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote: No offense, but this is CCNA material. Do they still teach classful for CCNA, though? Perhaps the only thing that's hard for him is that 192.168.24.0 has a mask of 255.255.255.0 in a classful system. Moving the prefix over to the left of that classful boundary isn't something they teach for CCNA yet. (They will soon. The new Networking Academy books teach it from the start now.) Priscilla If you are
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75127]
Another way to look at it is that you have one long contiguous line of addresses that you need to break up into different size groups that must also be contiguous. For example: 192.168.1.0 /24 Assume we need three networks (nets ab) with 40 hosts, two networks (nets cd) with 25 hosts, and 3 networks (nets e,f,g) with 12 hosts. Our available subnet area is 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255 Shown graphically (hope this doesn't get munged in transmission; if so copy and paste into word using fixed width and 10). .0 .255 /24: |---| .128 /25: |-|-| .64 .192 /26: |-|---|---|-| (a)( b) .160 .224 /27: |-|---|-|-|--|--| (c) (d) .208 .240 /28: |-|---|-|-|-|||-| (e) (f) (g) From this we can see that Subnet blocks 192.168.1.0 .64 are used for nets a b. Blocks .128 .160 are used for nets c d, while blocks .192, 208 224 are used for nets e, f, g. This leaves one block, .240 for future use or to further subnet for /30's to address serial links. By looking at it visually, there isn't any danger of overlapping previously assigned blocks. It also shows us where supernetting will occur so we can properly assign the blocks for easy aggregation. Since the blocks must be recombined for supernetting in the same manner they were subnetted, we can see that nets a b could be put on one router and we would only advertise a /25 (192.168.1.0) upstream. Likewise, blocks .128 .160 could be on a second router and advertised as a /26 (192.168.1.128). We can also see that we couldn't put nets a-d on the same router and advertise as a /25 because they don't all come from the same /25 block. We would have to use two advertisements, a /25 /26, if they were on the same router. The same method can be used for address ranges that cross octet boundries: 172.16.0.0 /16 0.0 255.255 /16: |---| 128.0 /17: |---|---| and so on. I find showing it visually to my students makes understanding a lot easier. HTH, Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem John Neiberger wrote: The key is that you must completely unlearn classful thinking. Forget that you ever learned it. Completely ignore any prior classful subnet boundaries that you were forced to memorize. It's all just one big IP address space that you choose to carve up any way you like. As long as you do it correctly and don't have any overlap the subnetting scheme is up to you. Another helpful tip: don't ever use classful terminology any more! Don't say Class A to refer to an 8-bit prefix or subnet mask; don't say Class C to refer to a 24-bit mask, or /24. That will help move your brain away from that type of thinking. Think of your address space as a big pie, and each time you cut a segment in half you're adding one more bit to the subnet mask. Here's an example: You start with 10.20.30.0/24 (255.255.255.0) and we'll think of that as a whole pie. You don't need that many addresses in your subnet so you decide to break it up into smaller pieces. What do you do? Cut your pie in half (draw this out, it helps!). Your pie now has two halves and these represent two subnets with /25 masks with no overlap. Let's say you want to further subnet one of those subnets. Cut it in half again! You now have a /25 and two /26s with no overlap. If you further cut one of those /26 subnets into two pieces you have two /27s. See how easy that is? Draw this out on paper and write down your subnet information as you go, like this: 10.20.30.0/24 (10.20.30.0-255) becomes 10.20.30.0/25 (10.20.30.0-127) and 10.20.30.128/25 (10.20.30.128-255) 10.20.30.128/25 further subnetted becomes 10.20.30.128/26 (10.20.30.128-191) and 10.20.30.192/26 (10.20.30.192-255) And so on... practice it this way for a while and after a short time it will be second nature for you to subnet existing networks without accidentally overlapping them. HTH, John Steven Aiello 9/9/03 12:03:06 PM I was stuck on the idea that you could ONLY re subnet a remaining piece of a subnetwork. And not apply a mask to the whole span of the total available network. You can (unless I'm incorrect here) you just have to watch out for address over lap neer your subnetwork boundries. I think I got it.
Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work What I figured out [7:75129]
Another way to look at it is that you have one long contiguous line of addresses that you need to break up into different size groups that must also be contiguous. For example: 192.168.1.0 /24 Assume we need three networks (nets ab) with 40 hosts, two networks (nets cd) with 25 hosts, and 3 networks (nets e,f,g) with 12 hosts. Our available subnet area is 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255 Shown graphically (hope this doesn't get munged in transmission; if so copy and paste into word using fixed width and 10). .0 .255 /24: |---| .128 /25: |-|-| .64 .192 /26: |-|---|---|-| (a)( b) .160 .224 /27: |-|---|-|-|--|--| (c) (d) .208 .240 /28: |-|---|-|-|-|||-| (e) (f) (g) From this we can see that Subnet blocks 192.168.1.0 .64 are used for nets a b. Blocks .128 .160 are used for nets c d, while blocks .192, 208 224 are used for nets e, f, g. This leaves one block, .240 for future use or to further subnet for /30's to address serial links. By looking at it visually, there isn't any danger of overlapping previously assigned blocks. It also shows us where supernetting will occur so we can properly assign the blocks for easy aggregation. Since the blocks must be recombined for supernetting in the same manner they were subnetted, we can see that nets a b could be put on one router and we would only advertise a /25 (192.168.1.0) upstream. Likewise, blocks .128 .160 could be on a second router and advertised as a /26 (192.168.1.128). We can also see that we couldn't put nets a-d on the same router and advertise as a /25 because they don't all come from the same /25 block. We would have to use two advertisements, a /25 /26, if they were on the same router. The same method can be used for address ranges that cross octet boundries: 172.16.0.0 /16 0.0 255.255 /16: |---| 128.0 /17: |---|---| and so on. I find showing it visually to my students makes understanding a lot easier. HTH, Prof. Tom Lisa, CCAI Community College of Southern Nevada Cisco ATC/Regional Networking Academy Cunctando restituit rem John Neiberger wrote: The key is that you must completely unlearn classful thinking. Forget that you ever learned it. Completely ignore any prior classful subnet boundaries that you were forced to memorize. It's all just one big IP address space that you choose to carve up any way you like. As long as you do it correctly and don't have any overlap the subnetting scheme is up to you. Another helpful tip: don't ever use classful terminology any more! Don't say Class A to refer to an 8-bit prefix or subnet mask; don't say Class C to refer to a 24-bit mask, or /24. That will help move your brain away from that type of thinking. Think of your address space as a big pie, and each time you cut a segment in half you're adding one more bit to the subnet mask. Here's an example: You start with 10.20.30.0/24 (255.255.255.0) and we'll think of that as a whole pie. You don't need that many addresses in your subnet so you decide to break it up into smaller pieces. What do you do? Cut your pie in half (draw this out, it helps!). Your pie now has two halves and these represent two subnets with /25 masks with no overlap. Let's say you want to further subnet one of those subnets. Cut it in half again! You now have a /25 and two /26s with no overlap. If you further cut one of those /26 subnets into two pieces you have two /27s. See how easy that is? Draw this out on paper and write down your subnet information as you go, like this: 10.20.30.0/24 (10.20.30.0-255) becomes 10.20.30.0/25 (10.20.30.0-127) and 10.20.30.128/25 (10.20.30.128-255) 10.20.30.128/25 further subnetted becomes 10.20.30.128/26 (10.20.30.128-191) and 10.20.30.192/26 (10.20.30.192-255) And so on... practice it this way for a while and after a short time it will be second nature for you to subnet existing networks without accidentally overlapping them. HTH, John Steven Aiello 9/9/03 12:03:06 PM I was stuck on the idea that you could ONLY re subnet a remaining piece of a subnetwork. And not apply a mask to the whole span of the total available network. You can (unless I'm incorrect
RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050]
And one last point, No LAN is an island, why two IG(P) protocols and no EG(P) protocol? A NA should at least a some understanding of how to connect to the outside world - when to use BGP and when not to. Sorry Fred, not having a go at you personally, but these are points we all need to think about. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: Dom [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 09 September 2003 23:37 To: 'Reimer, Fred'; '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Oh, and while I'm on the subject - why EIGRP? This is a proprietary Cisco Protocol. OK, I believe that Juniper may have implemented it, but to the best of my knowledge no one else has. Best regards, Dom Stocqueler SysDom Technologies Visit our website - www.sysdom.org -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Reimer, Fred Sent: 09 September 2003 22:03 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] I guess my expectation and Cisco's, or at least their current expectations as listed on their web site, don't match then. By my definition a beginner should know about CIDR, EIGRP, and OSPF. It's not like they are inherently difficult to understand. People tend to make it sound like rocket science or voodoo magic. It's just a routing protocol folks. Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer. -Original Message- From: Chuck Whose Road is Ever Shorter [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 3:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Please Help - CIDR - How the bits work [7:75050] Reimer, Fred wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] May be I had advanced access to the new NA material then ;-) In my view, a NA should be able to handle basic RIP, OSPF, EIGRP in a small to medium sized network. That would certainly include CIDR. A NP, IMO, would be for advanced RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and basic BGP, like for configuring a mid-large sized network for connection to the Internet including minimal BGP. IE, IMO, is for ISP engineers that have to deal with extensive IS-IS, BGP using all options, etc, and large to huge (global) networks. May be I'm just expecting too much, but if you don't understand CIDR you shouldn't be allowed anywhere near a router, let alone be responsible for configuring them. with all due respect, I disagree. CCNA is promoted by Cisco as being someone capable of designing and configuring a small network. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/le2/le0/le9/learning_certificati on_t ype_home.html The CCNA certification (Cisco Certified Network Associate) indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking. CCNA certified professionals can install, configure, and operate LAN, WAN, and dial access services for small networks (100 nodes or fewer), including but not limited to use of these protocols: IP, IGRP, Serial, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLANs, RIP, Ethernet, Access Lists. my experience has been that small nets have less if any need for CIDR knowledge or expertise. Cisco has over the past couple of years been slowly upping the ante, and I wish Cisco would get clear as to what skill sets are appropriate at what certification level. Cisco tends to be all over the map on this, and has been the netire time I have been playing at certification. But in general, I believe the idea is that CCxA is beginner, CCxP is intermediate, and CCIE is high level. as with all things certification related, YMMV. I've known CCNA's who manage large networks, and I've known CCIE's whose knowledge of certain specific areas was less than expert. As can be expected, depending on experience, job, place of employment, years in the field, etc. Chuck Fred Reimer - CCNA Eclipsys Corporation, 200 Ashford Center North, Atlanta, GA 30338 Phone: 404-847-5177 Cell: 770-490-3071 Pager: 888-260-2050 NOTICE; This email contains confidential or proprietary information which may be legally privileged. It is intended only for the named recipient(s). If an addressing or transmission error has misdirected the email, please notify the author by replying to this message. If you are not the named recipient, you are not authorized to use, disclose, distribute, copy, print or rely on this email, and should immediately delete it from your computer.
