Re: Analog TTL flash correction

2002-04-19 Thread Rfsindg

Sas Gabor wrote:

 Does the camera's exposure correction setting affect the
 TTL flash operation on the SuperA, LX and SFXn?

Yes from experiences on the Super Program and LX, I can't say about the SFXn, but I 
suspect so...

Regards,  Bob S.
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Re: Ricoh/Pentax TTL flash compatibility

2002-04-02 Thread andre langevin

In answer to Steve Pearson, who wrote:

Will my Pentax AF200T flash provide TTL flash with
this [Ricoh] body?

Pentax TTL flashes like 200T and 280T (and later ones) won't go TTL 
on the Ricoh TTL bodies (XR-P, XR-M etc.).  I remember I once put a 
280T on a XR-P, trying to fit the Pentax contacts with the Ricoh hot 
shoe.  I didn't work as TTL. I placed the 280T so that its contacts 
would touch the Ricoh's ones but could not be sure they were really 
touching. Would it work with a home-made interface ?  Maybe.  Would 
Pentax and Ricoh electronics be compatible ?  From Paul Stregevsky's 
comment (the TTL contacts and operation don't match those of Pentax 
TTL), I guess they wouldn't.

Nitin Garg wrote :

I doubt if af200t would give you ttl with xr-m. you
probably have to get a ricoh flash for that.

Ricoh's normal size TTL flashes are uncommon (there is a rare GN 40 
one for sure).  So, apart from Paul Stregevsky's suggestion, you can 
go for a fabulous METZ flash with the proper SCA 364 connector.  Used 
Metz flashes are cheap for what they give.  Smallest Metz TTL flashes 
are the 32 series (GN is 32 and flash weights same as Pentax AF-280T 
with GN 28).  They can go for as low as $30 depending on model and 
shape.  Here is a 32-CT3 in box for $36.

http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItemitem=1339456322

32CT-7 is latest (zoom head) and a bit more expensive.  SCA 364 
adapter is $15 if you can find it on eBay.  A bit more expensive from 
used equipment stores, but usually available right now.

Now the bad news: Metz flashes are not as cute as Pentax AF-280T and 
its little brother AF-200T...

Hope that helps.
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Re: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-14 Thread Paul Stenquist

You must then be talking in regard to autofocus cameras. My TTL flash
experience is with an LX. Obviously, an LX doesn't take distance into
account,  nor would the TTL flash units that work with an LX. If I'm
using TTL flash on a subject that doesn't fill frame and there is an
obvious difference between it and the background, I don't get a perfect
exposure without dialing in some compensation.

Brendan wrote:

 Part of the debate is how does distance info play a
 part, or if it
 does. The reason for the whole question is lets say
 you have an off
 center subject that you focused on. Why is she ( the
 girl with the
 strapless dress ) correctly exposed when you have
 foreground and
 background ambient ETC ETC.

 --- Paul Stenquist [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  I've missed some of this, but I don't understand
  what the debate is about. All the
  TTL camera knows is how much light hits the senosr
  (or in the case of LX, the film
  plane). When there's enough for a proper exposure,
  the flash duration is terminated.
  The exposure will be correct as long as the flash's
  full output is sufficient for
  the stop and film speed you're using.
  Paul
 
  Bruce Dayton wrote:
 
   William,
  
   The biggest flaw I see to Tom's observations is
  when you bounce or
   diffuse the flash.  How would the body go about
  knowing that is what
   you are doing?  In those cases, you should see
  severe underexposure.
   My experience is that they work fine.
  
   Bruce Dayton
  
   Wednesday, March 13, 2002, 11:54:55 AM, you wrote:
  
   PWO Bruce Dayton wrote:
I have often wondered what the metering pattern
  is for the TTL sensor
- I'm guessing it is center-weighted.  That
  could also account for
some differences.
  
   PWO Hi Bruce,
  
   PWO I've wondered this same thing, and I'll bet
  you're right about the
   PWO center-weighted pattern.  Somebody shot and
  posted links to a whole series
   PWO of TTL flash shots of some shiny metal object
  against a fairly neutral
   PWO background, a few months back.  A bunch of
  different apertures, shutter
   PWO speeds, etc.  Can't remember who it was -- I
  was thinking it was either you
   PWO or Doug Brewer, but I just can't remember.  I
  remember the look of the
   PWO shots, though.  As best as I can recall,
  those shots appeared as though the
   PWO TTL flash metering was center-weighted, or
  pretty darned close to
   PWO center-weighted.  There were some overexposed
  shots at the fastest apertures
   PWO that were attributed to the flash not being
  able to quench in time.
  
   PWO I guess the way to test Tom V's idea (about
  the possibility that the flash
   PWO intensity is calculated from distance and
  guide number information, but not
   PWO controlled by an actual TTL sensor reading)
  is to fire a test shot with and
   PWO without the lens cap in place.  If the TTL
  sensor doesn't matter, then the
   PWO flash intensities for both of these test
  shots should be about the same, and
   PWO the recycle times should be about the same.
  If the sensor really ~is~
   PWO metering and controlling flash output, then
  the lens-cap-in-place test shot
   PWO should have a ~much~ longer recycle time.
  
   PWO Bill Peifer
   PWO Rochester, NY
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Re: super program ttl flash

2002-03-13 Thread Frantisek Vlcek

Hi,
   Metz system parts (used) are less expensive than Pentax parts. You
   need a small TTL flash (30TTLi, or any other SCA compatible obscure
   German/Japanese flash you can find / Braun, Cullman,... often these
   are inexpensive as little known/).

   - SCA comp. flash (even as low as 30$ if lucky, high GN is NOT
   needed anyway in macro)
   - SCA adapter for Pentax TTL - SCA 372 (for SuperA, LX,...), here
   about 10-15$ used.
   - SCA off-camera cord SCA 307A - this attaches between the 372 on
   camera and the flash on bracket. The 307A has tripod socket on the
   bottom, although plastic one. 10-15$ used. (prices are as here,
   should be similar there g)

   Sum: 40-60$

   For slightly more $, you can add second flash, and use SCA 305A
   TTL-multi-flash adapter, although this one is harder to find with
   all the cords used.

   HTH,
   Frantisek
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TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread tom

I've noticed over the course of the last year that rolls of film that were shot with 
TTL flash metering (and flash) have much more consistent exposure across frames than 
rolls 
that used matrix metering and ambient light.

I've come to this conclusion after proofing dozens of rolls of b+w.

Seems to me the only way to explain the difference is that the flash output is 
determined by distance info transmitted by an FA lens.

I'm not really sure what that implies...I was under the impression that TTL flash 
metering worked like so:

- flash starts to discharge
- ttl flash meter measures output
- ttl flash meter determines that subject has received enough light
- meter tells flash to stop

However, if it's using distance info it's just using a calculation.

- lens says it's focused at 10 feet
- flash guide number is 40
- aperture is f/2

Fire the flash at 1/2 power and don't bother metering.

Maybe it (I guess I'm talking pz-1p here)  uses that calculation with FA lenses and 
uses quench metering with older lenses?

I might have to test this

Thinking out loud,

tv
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Re: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread Brendan

Actually I'd also like to know since when bounced or
using the omni bounce cover it still exposes correctly
even with 2 stops loss. It seems that it does it
something more like this ( using your theory as a
template )

- lens says it's focused at 10 feet
- flash guide number is 40
- aperture is f/2
 
Fire the flash at 1/2 power but meter just in case.

--- tom [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 I've noticed over the course of the last year that
 rolls of film that were shot with TTL flash metering
 (and flash) have much more consistent exposure
 across frames than rolls 
 that used matrix metering and ambient light.
 
 I've come to this conclusion after proofing dozens
 of rolls of b+w.
 
 Seems to me the only way to explain the difference
 is that the flash output is determined by distance
 info transmitted by an FA lens.
 
 I'm not really sure what that implies...I was under
 the impression that TTL flash metering worked like
 so:
 
 - flash starts to discharge
 - ttl flash meter measures output
 - ttl flash meter determines that subject has
 received enough light
 - meter tells flash to stop
 
 However, if it's using distance info it's just using
 a calculation.
 
 - lens says it's focused at 10 feet
 - flash guide number is 40
 - aperture is f/2
 
 Fire the flash at 1/2 power and don't bother
 metering.
 
 Maybe it (I guess I'm talking pz-1p here)  uses that
 calculation with FA lenses and uses quench metering
 with older lenses?
 
 I might have to test this
 
 Thinking out loud,
 
 tv
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Re: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread Bruce Dayton

tom,

I was thinking that it had more to do with getting more even light do
to flash fill moreso than TTL alone.  On the older bodies, metering
for TTL did not include ambient light at all, so most images ended up
looking like dark backgrounds.  With later bodies, ambient light is
taken into account and shutter speeds are lowered to slowest
handholding to allow as much ambient light as possible.  Then the TTL
is just going to fill in where necessary.  That would produce more
even results.

Have you tried using slow films/fastest shutter speeds (1/250)?  If
you did I would think that you would get results that would show the
inherent TTL metering problem of weddings - mostly white in frame -
face gets underexposed - mostly black in the frame - face gets
overexposed.

I have often wondered what the metering pattern is for the TTL sensor
- I'm guessing it is center-weighted.  That could also account for
some differences.


Bruce Dayton



Wednesday, March 13, 2002, 10:08:56 AM, you wrote:

t I've noticed over the course of the last year that rolls of film that were shot 
with TTL flash metering (and flash) have much more consistent exposure across frames 
than rolls 
t that used matrix metering and ambient light.

t I've come to this conclusion after proofing dozens of rolls of b+w.

t Seems to me the only way to explain the difference is that the flash output is 
determined by distance info transmitted by an FA lens.

t I'm not really sure what that implies...I was under the impression that TTL flash 
metering worked like so:

t - flash starts to discharge
t - ttl flash meter measures output
t - ttl flash meter determines that subject has received enough light
t - meter tells flash to stop

t However, if it's using distance info it's just using a calculation.

t - lens says it's focused at 10 feet
t - flash guide number is 40
t - aperture is f/2

t Fire the flash at 1/2 power and don't bother metering.

t Maybe it (I guess I'm talking pz-1p here)  uses that calculation with FA lenses and 
uses quench metering with older lenses?

t I might have to test this

t Thinking out loud,

t tv
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Re: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread tom

On 13 Mar 2002 at 11:03, Bruce Dayton wrote:

 tom,
 
 I was thinking that it had more to do with getting more even light do
 to flash fill moreso than TTL alone.  On the older bodies, metering
 for TTL did not include ambient light at all, so most images ended up
 looking like dark backgrounds.  With later bodies, ambient light is
 taken into account and shutter speeds are lowered to slowest
 handholding to allow as much ambient light as possible.  Then the TTL
 is just going to fill in where necessary.  That would produce more
 even results.

I think I work a little differently...I always drag the shutter as much as I can get 
away with, so I'm in manual mode, with the shutter usually around 1/30 or 1/60 and the 
aperture at f/5.6 or f/8.

So the ambient levels are fluctuating wildly, but the foregrounds are generally right 
on.

The issue I'm referring to isn't about even lighting in one photo, it's consistent 
exposure across an entire roll.

The thing that really made this click for me today was a shot I developed this 
a.mA girl with a strapless dress is down in the right lower corner, usually an 
area that 
doesn't get much meter weight. However, I'm focused on her, and she's perfectly 
exposed.

 
 Have you tried using slow films/fastest shutter speeds (1/250)?  If
 you did I would think that you would get results that would show the
 inherent TTL metering problem of weddings - mostly white in frame -
 face gets underexposed - mostly black in the frame - face gets
 overexposed.

What I'm saying is I don't get much of that with flash!

I think it's got to be some sort of hybrid algorithm like Brendan says, because it's 
not *totally* predictable.

I'm going to test it out, but I was just wondering if anyone had any info, since the 
FA lens distance info subject comes up now and again.

tv
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Re[2]: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread Bruce Dayton

William,

The biggest flaw I see to Tom's observations is when you bounce or
diffuse the flash.  How would the body go about knowing that is what
you are doing?  In those cases, you should see severe underexposure.
My experience is that they work fine.


Bruce Dayton



Wednesday, March 13, 2002, 11:54:55 AM, you wrote:

PWO Bruce Dayton wrote:
 I have often wondered what the metering pattern is for the TTL sensor
 - I'm guessing it is center-weighted.  That could also account for
 some differences.


PWO Hi Bruce,

PWO I've wondered this same thing, and I'll bet you're right about the
PWO center-weighted pattern.  Somebody shot and posted links to a whole series
PWO of TTL flash shots of some shiny metal object against a fairly neutral
PWO background, a few months back.  A bunch of different apertures, shutter
PWO speeds, etc.  Can't remember who it was -- I was thinking it was either you
PWO or Doug Brewer, but I just can't remember.  I remember the look of the
PWO shots, though.  As best as I can recall, those shots appeared as though the
PWO TTL flash metering was center-weighted, or pretty darned close to
PWO center-weighted.  There were some overexposed shots at the fastest apertures
PWO that were attributed to the flash not being able to quench in time.

PWO I guess the way to test Tom V's idea (about the possibility that the flash
PWO intensity is calculated from distance and guide number information, but not
PWO controlled by an actual TTL sensor reading) is to fire a test shot with and
PWO without the lens cap in place.  If the TTL sensor doesn't matter, then the
PWO flash intensities for both of these test shots should be about the same, and
PWO the recycle times should be about the same.  If the sensor really ~is~
PWO metering and controlling flash output, then the lens-cap-in-place test shot
PWO should have a ~much~ longer recycle time.

PWO Bill Peifer
PWO Rochester, NY
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RE: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread tom

On 13 Mar 2002 at 14:54, Peifer, William [OCDUS] wrote:
 
 I guess the way to test Tom V's idea (about the possibility that the flash
 intensity is calculated from distance and guide number information, but not
 controlled by an actual TTL sensor reading) 

I backed away from that...;)

I'm wondering if distance info is used at all in TTL flash discharge, and if so, how.

 is to fire a test shot with and
 without the lens cap in place.  If the TTL sensor doesn't matter, then the flash
 intensities for both of these test shots should be about the same, and the
 recycle times should be about the same.  If the sensor really ~is~ metering and
 controlling flash output, then the lens-cap-in-place test shot should have a
 ~much~ longer recycle time.

The test I have in mind involves testing A vs. FA lenses (I'm assuming A lenses have 
no distance info).

tv
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Re: Re[2]: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread tom

On 13 Mar 2002 at 14:03, Bruce Dayton wrote:

 William,
 
 The biggest flaw I see to Tom's observations is when you bounce or
 diffuse the flash.  How would the body go about knowing that is what
 you are doing?  In those cases, you should see severe underexposure.
 My experience is that they work fine.

You're right, though I did back off of saying no meter readings were used. Obviously 
it's got to be metering...but I wonder if there's some calculating going on too.

I was just throwing out a theory...if anyone has another explanation for the 
consistency of TTL flash exposed negs, go for it.

tv
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RE: TTL Flash Metering and Distance Info

2002-03-13 Thread Brendan

I'm sure it uses distance info some how but at the
same time it doesn't warn you when you choose certain
apertures like F16 pointed at something 50 ft away. 

--- tom [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 On 13 Mar 2002 at 14:54, Peifer, William [OCDUS]
 wrote:
  
  I guess the way to test Tom V's idea (about the
 possibility that the flash
  intensity is calculated from distance and guide
 number information, but not
  controlled by an actual TTL sensor reading) 
 
 I backed away from that...;)
 
 I'm wondering if distance info is used at all in TTL
 flash discharge, and if so, how.
 
  is to fire a test shot with and
  without the lens cap in place.  If the TTL sensor
 doesn't matter, then the flash
  intensities for both of these test shots should be
 about the same, and the
  recycle times should be about the same.  If the
 sensor really ~is~ metering and
  controlling flash output, then the
 lens-cap-in-place test shot should have a
  ~much~ longer recycle time.
 
 The test I have in mind involves testing A vs. FA
 lenses (I'm assuming A lenses have no distance
 info).
 
 tv
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super program ttl flash

2002-03-12 Thread John Bevans

I have a Super Program and want to take advantage of the TTL flash for
some Macro shots.  I want the flash on a bracket and as near as I can
tell from looking on
the net I need a Hot shoe grip, a 4p sync cord B, and a Pentax TTL flash
(Af280t,AF400t, or AF200t).  Looking at prices for these items this is a
lot more expensive than I was interested in.  Is there a way to do this
using Pentax or orther components for under
a $100?
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Re: super program ttl flash

2002-03-12 Thread Alan Chan

I have a Super Program and want to take advantage of the TTL flash for
some Macro shots.  I want the flash on a bracket and as near as I can
tell from looking on
the net I need a Hot shoe grip, a 4p sync cord B, and a Pentax TTL flash
(Af280t,AF400t, or AF200t).  Looking at prices for these items this is a
lot more expensive than I was interested in.  Is there a way to do this
using Pentax or orther components for under
a $100?

Used AF200T   USD??
Hot Shoe Adaptor FG   USD36
Sync Cord F5P USD25
Off Camera Shoe Adaptor F USD43
-
Total USD104+

regards,
Alan Chan


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Re: super program ttl flash

2002-03-12 Thread Rfsindg

John,

Try an Altrex 'Dup-Sync Cord', $20 new.
It is a little coiled telephone cord with two hot shoe cubes on either end.
The cubes have 3 contacts, pick-ups for the flash from the hot shoe,
and 3 contacts on the other end to supply the flash on the remote shoe.

Regards,  Bob S.

 I have a Super Program and want to take advantage of the TTL flash for
 some Macro shots.  I want the flash on a bracket and as near as I can
 tell from looking on
 the net I need a Hot shoe grip, a 4p sync cord B, and a Pentax TTL flash
 (Af280t,AF400t, or AF200t).  Looking at prices for these items this is a
 lot more expensive than I was interested in.  Is there a way to do this
 using Pentax or orther components for under
 a $100? 
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Using flash meter with TTL flash was Halogen again

2002-03-09 Thread Brendan

The Halogen lights seem fine for BW work even with
it's yellowish
cast. It has dawned on me that I have more than enough
light with an
AF500FTZ, AF330FTZ and achiever flash. I only have an
older minolta
auto meter III which does not have flash metering but
how would one
use a flash meter with TTL? Won't the TTL adjust flash
out put maing
the meter reading inaccurate? I know that with the
AF500 set to slave
and the Achiever set to auto flash with a slave eye I
can calculate
the exposure but how will it affect the AF330 on
camera in TTL? I have
a large 42 5 in one reflector to bounce with and I
have the stofen
omni bounce for the AF500 ( which is rather soft both
bounced and
direct ). I experimented and manually calculated the
settings withthe
other 2 flashes yes with the AF330 on camera I don't
get the good
exposure indication ( 1/60  F8 ) but it still exposes
correctly
since I calculated the output of the other 2 flashes.
I'm very tempted
to get another AF500, an umbrella and a flash meter to
have a portable
lighting setup ( or an alien bee and very long
extension cord ). The
recharge time with the AF500 and nimh batteries is
about 3 sec at 1/2
power for 120 flashes so that doesn't seem to be an
issue.


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Re: Pentax 67-II, leaf shutter lens, TTL flash metering

2001-10-21 Thread Leon Altoff

On Sat, 20 Oct 2001 09:59:17 -0400, Mark Roberts wrote:

Last night I was talking with the co-owner of my favorite local photo lab and he
was telling me about his problems trying to get his 67-II to wirk with a leaf
shutter lens and TTL flash metering. He (and, apparently, Pentax) says it can't
be done. The primary reason is obviously that the flash wants to fire as soon as
the focal plane shutter opens, at which point the leaf shutter is closed. I
believe there's a PC flash connector on the lens itself, but of course this
provides triggering only (in other words, it has only ground and one electrical
contact rather than the multiple contacts of the hot shoe which send TTL
metering information to the flash. 

Could a PC flash cable from the lens be spliced into the hot shoe wiring to
solve this? 

Any 67 users dealt with this?

Mark,

I'm not a 67 user but I am into electronics (yes doing it for a living
not just playing with it).  Taking the trigger from the LS lens instead
of from the camera MAY work.  It really depends on the how Pentax do
things inside the camera.  

It certainly won't break anything if you try.  I would do it this way:

1. Get hold of a Hotshoe adaptor F

2. Remove the 4 screws from the bottom of the adaptor and carefully
separate the 2 halves.

3. Remove the centre pin and the spring that holds it.  Put them in a
zip lock plastic bag so you don't loose them and can put them back if
you ever want to. 

4. Get an old PC flash sync cord  that is long enough to go from the pc
socket on the lens to the hotshoe of the 67.  Cut off the end you don't
need and strip off about 1 cm (a bit under half an inch) of the
insulation.  Solder the centre wire to the contact where you removed
the centre pin, then insulate the braided outer wire of the pc cable
and solder the end to the hot shoe ground.

5. Make a small hollow in one half of the adaptor case (I'd probably do
it to the top half) to allow the PC cable to exit and then put it
together.

The result should look quite professional and MIGHT even work.  It will
even allow you to use the 5P cables to give you TTL using multiple off
camera flashes with the LS lens.  If it doesn't work you can remove the
modification and you end up with a hotshoe adaptor with a hole in it.

If you do give this a go please let me and the rest of the group know
how it goes.


 Leon

http://www.bluering.org.au
http://www.bluering.org.au/leon
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Re: Pentax 67-II, leaf shutter lens, TTL flash metering

2001-10-21 Thread Mark Roberts

Yes, I've already thought of this. SInce it's not my 67 I not going to try it,
though! Just wondering if anyone else has actually done it.

Leon Altoff [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

I'm not a 67 user but I am into electronics (yes doing it for a living
not just playing with it).  Taking the trigger from the LS lens instead
of from the camera MAY work.  It really depends on the how Pentax do
things inside the camera.  

It certainly won't break anything if you try.  I would do it this way:

1. Get hold of a Hotshoe adaptor F

2. Remove the 4 screws from the bottom of the adaptor and carefully
separate the 2 halves.

3. Remove the centre pin and the spring that holds it.  Put them in a
zip lock plastic bag so you don't loose them and can put them back if
you ever want to. 

4. Get an old PC flash sync cord  that is long enough to go from the pc
socket on the lens to the hotshoe of the 67.  Cut off the end you don't
need and strip off about 1 cm (a bit under half an inch) of the
insulation.  Solder the centre wire to the contact where you removed
the centre pin, then insulate the braided outer wire of the pc cable
and solder the end to the hot shoe ground.

5. Make a small hollow in one half of the adaptor case (I'd probably do
it to the top half) to allow the PC cable to exit and then put it
together.

The result should look quite professional and MIGHT even work.  It will
even allow you to use the 5P cables to give you TTL using multiple off
camera flashes with the LS lens.  If it doesn't work you can remove the
modification and you end up with a hotshoe adaptor with a hole in it.

If you do give this a go please let me and the rest of the group know
how it goes.


 Leon

http://www.bluering.org.au
http://www.bluering.org.au/leon
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-- 
Mark Roberts
www.robertstech.com
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Pentax 67-II, leaf shutter lens, TTL flash metering

2001-10-20 Thread Mark Roberts

Last night I was talking with the co-owner of my favorite local photo lab and he
was telling me about his problems trying to get his 67-II to wirk with a leaf
shutter lens and TTL flash metering. He (and, apparently, Pentax) says it can't
be done. The primary reason is obviously that the flash wants to fire as soon as
the focal plane shutter opens, at which point the leaf shutter is closed. I
believe there's a PC flash connector on the lens itself, but of course this
provides triggering only (in other words, it has only ground and one electrical
contact rather than the multiple contacts of the hot shoe which send TTL
metering information to the flash. 

Could a PC flash cable from the lens be spliced into the hot shoe wiring to
solve this? 

Any 67 users dealt with this?

-- 
Mark Roberts
www.robertstech.com
-- 
Mark Roberts
www.robertstech.com
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Super Program/Super A, bad TTL flash program??? Need insight.

2001-08-07 Thread Douglas E Harmon

Hi Everybody,
I finally got my 'puter pieced back together, (un)fortunately I had to
delete the 1200+ PDML messages downloaded. I hope I didn't miss too much
Need to see if I can get some help in figuring out some scans I have
posted on my webspace.  It's a little test I did with a multiple flash setup
on the Super A. I have read somewhere(probably here) that the Super
Program/Super A has a poor TTL flash program. I would appreciate any insight
into the varying exposures by Super Program/Super A owners.
http://personal.mia.bellsouth.net/mia/g/e/genius91/

Equipment was: Super A, SMC 135-F2.5, two 5p hotshoe adaptors, two
Sunpak 444D's with the EXT-10 Extention cord.
Film: TRI-X pulled to 125 (yeah I forgot to set the film speed)
Setup: About 9' away from subject, Flashes on either side angled at
about 30 degrees to point at subject. Flash to left had a White Omni-bounce
and the one to the right had the Sunpak 20mm diffuser. These did not match
well or the left flash was weak (notice shadows). Batteries fresh and both
were firing. Room only lighted by sunlight through a couple of windows in
front and to the right. Left flash was atop a 5p adapter thru 5p cord to 5p
adapter on camera. Right was atop EXT-10 cord to 5p adapter on camera.
I started at F2.5 and worked my way through a roll till F16. I Ran
down(up) from 1/8 to 1/125 with a program exposure as a sort of reference
for each f-stop. Page one is F2.5, two is F8 adn thre is F16. Program mode
reference(no flash) are on the lower right on each page. Apretures not on
line are F4 which matched F2.5 very closely, except for a better reference
exposure and F11 which matched F8 exactly including reference exposure.
Thumbs are small but perfectly representative, click em for a bandwidth
choking jpeg(not recomended).
The F8 and F11(not online) exposures are the best representative of the
subject, except for the program reference. Off by a stop and the F2.5 and
F16 references were better. The F16 being the closest. Hmmm.
The F2.5 and F4(not online) were over exposed. My guess is a metering
failure or bad TTL program with the Super A. Good references, with the F4
being closer to the F16.
The F16 were underexposed. I'm thinking I hit the limits of flash power
with the diffusers attached. Could be the upper(lower) limit on the Super
A's TTL program? Reference exposure was close but a half over.
I can live with The F8 exposures, but I would like some insight on the
varying exposures.

thanks in advance,
Douglas E Harmon
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://personal.mia.bellsouth.net/~genius91/


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Re: Super Program/Super A, bad TTL flash program??? Need insight.

2001-08-07 Thread Rfsindg

[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:

  Need to see if I can get some help in figuring out some scans I have
 posted on my webspace.  It's a little test I did with a multiple flash setup
 on the Super A. I have read somewhere(probably here) that the Super
 Program/Super A has a poor TTL flash program. I would appreciate any insight
 into the varying exposures by Super Program/Super A owners.
 http://personal.mia.bellsouth.net/mia/g/e/genius91/  


Doug,

I can't tell a thing from what you have got there.  Were you using the TTL 
feature of the Super Program at all?  You should get the same exposure at all 
speeds from 1/8 to 1/125 based on the TTL lighting the scene.  Did the TTL 
'lightning bolt' flash in the viewfinder?  Did the flashes show TTL 
confirmation?

The subjects you are photographing are silver metallic and highly reflective.
The background is what???  Why not pick some much simpler subjects and get 
rid of the diffusers and whatnot on the flash units.  At least leave one of 
the units without modifications.

How does this picture photograph with a single flash mounted on the Super 
Program?  It IS possible that the flash will overpower the scene at f2.5 and 
only 9 feet distance.  If you give it too much light, the Pentax AF280's I've 
used won't have enough time to shut down before overexposing the scene.  
While you may overpower things at f2.5, at f16 you need 100+ times the light 
to achieve the same exposure.  So if those shots are underexposed, that's 
logical.

Regards,  Bob S.
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TTL-flash metering

2001-07-10 Thread Matti Etelapera

Just wondering about the TTL-flash metering pattern of the Super
A/Program. Is it centerweight or average full frame?

How about the newer Pentaxes? Is there any multisegment metering done for
TTL-flashes like in E-TTL for EOS?

  -Matti

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FS: Sunpak G4500DX (AT555) ttl flash (potato masher)

2001-06-29 Thread canislupus


Similar in power and features (some more, some less) to Metz 45, this is the 
classic example of Potato-masher style flash.  Until the very last moment, I 
wanted to keep it, even wanting to order some used accessories from USA. But 
then, although this flash is very powerful, I don't use it at full power 
anyway, so I want to get some smaller flash, propably a metz MZ 40. I am 
available light guy, I got this flash for banquet photography once, but the job 
didn't work out, so I don't need such powerful flash.   As I am selling it, I 
should perhaps advertise it a bit :) 

This flash is IMHO actually BETTER than PENTAX AF400T !!! Much more options, ..
. 

GN 45 @ 35mm coverage (so no artif. inflated high GN at 105mm zoom but quite 
lower at 35mm, flash coverage standard). TTL/AUTO/MANUAL settings.
7 AUTO apertures! From f/1.4 (100asa) to f/11 !!! AF400T starts at f/4 (phew!). 
f/1.4 is great for fill-in autoflash. manual down to 1/64 power setting! 
Precise control over aperture and power in manual mode. Bounce and Swiwel all 
around! 270 deg + 90 deg., let's you shoot right back into your face :) many 
power options... 6 AA cells (alkalines/NiCd/NiMh), many powerpacks (actually, 
all the TR II and 510V packs for Pentax are made by Sunpak), included is AC/DC 
source (input = 100/120/220/240 V - international!) for free. incl. original 
case, filter holder free! Hotshoe/X synch adapter for cameras without X synch 
socket. incl. quick-attach bracket, with twelve positions for the flash (e.g. 
for macro). incl. (!!!) (free!!!) is my genuine home-made bounce/softener, 
similar to Lumiquests'. It spreads the light for even 24mm (and possibly 20mm!) 
coverage, softening shadows a lot!!! Works great. Folding! 

TTL for Pentax cameras is possible via PT-2D module and EXT-11 cable, both are 
I think readily available in States (but very rare in Czech republic, that's 
another reason I am selling it). I was offered PT-2D for 15$ and ext-11 for 
10$, myself. Can link to the seller if wanted. 

I have made two powerpacks for this flash, I will include one of them for 
free!!! It has 3500mAh capacity, NiMh batteries, enough power to keep you 
blasting for days. Ingenious heavy-duty outdoor connector (with lock!) and 
coiled cable connects it to flash via small hole in battery compartment door. 
You can still use AA batteries if you want to, just insert another battery 
holder (or unscrew the wires from the power pack's one and use it for AA cells).
 

For easy and cheap charging, the battery pack is dual-connected: It ends in 
normal type high-amperes connector (which is readily available in e.g. 
Radioshack), and then a small adapter is fitted ending with the heavy duty 
outdoor connector (which has lock!), female socket with lock. Into this plugs 
and locks the connector at the end of the coiled cable - all very sturdy, much 
better than Quantum's connectors (Yes! One connector alone costs 10$ each! 
Quantum wouldn't make any profits using them - they being a company maximising 
profits much cheap out on everything possible). 

And this great, great, great flash can be yours!

Delivered everywhere in the world, by airmail or whatever you choose!

Mail me with offers!

[EMAIL PROTECTED]


Frantisek

:) that was fun. So please mail me off-list if you want it. I can supply more 
information or something is at www.tocad.com 



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Re: Off camera TTL flash options?

2001-05-09 Thread Bojidar Dimitrov

Hi Rob,

Recently Rob Studdert wrote:
 
 I would like to put together a remote flash connection system so that I can 
 use up to three flashes in parallel on my LX (am maybe the MZ-S) for 
 creative TTL flash with macro images.

This is where Pentax screwed up.  If you want to use an LX or a
SuperProgram for TTL flash then you must stick to the 4P equipment
(analog).  The P/PZ and MZ/ZX bodies of course support both the 4P and 5P
setups (not yet sure about the MZ-S).

 I am fully aware of the components 
 which allow this for the LX system however I am tired of chasing the parts 
 which it seems are becoming more and more difficult to find let alone 
 ridiculously expensive. 

Very true...

 In any case I am not really pleased with height of the Flash grip and would 
 prefer a simple low profile device with a tripod socket on its base for
 adaption to a macro flash bracket. I expect that to fulfil my needs I will
 need to modify existing components (and maybe also integrate third party
 products into the system).

You might have to resort to this option.

 Can the new digital flashes be connected in parallel like the old analogue 
 units (I have absolutely no experience with them)?

Yes.

 The remote flash options available for the digital system look like what I am 
 after (I saw a photo of Mark Cassinos set up on his equipment page however 
 Bozs site has broken links and last time I looked BH had no pictures). Can 
 the new systems be used to facilitate basic TTL off-camera flash for the LX?

No, sorry.  You will need to use a Z/PZ or MZ/ZX body for this.  As for the
broken links, I just saw that off-camera flash page is borken.  Are there
any others?  The correct address for the off-camera page is
http://www.phred.org/pentax/k/extras/offCameraFlash.html

 Can someone provide links to pictures of the components (especially from 
 directly above so that I can see the contact configuration)?

4P and 5P cosrds and sockets are incompatible.  You will have to use either
only 4P equipment (on LX, SuperProgram and the AF bodies) or only 5P
equipment (with the AF bodies).

 Anyone have any suggestions?

Three non-TTL flashes on 3rd-party slave triggers.  You will have to
experiment with the distance/power settings to get the results you are
after.

Good luck,
Boz

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Re: Off camera TTL flash options?

2001-05-09 Thread rob




Hi Rob,


Yes I agree, trying to work out whats going on with the newer off camera flash
adaptors is not particularly clear.

I cabled up my LX, tested the setup  then wrote the descriptions/setup


Below is the best descriptions of each item required that I came up with.

Descriptions are from BOTTOM to TOP

31046
Off Camera Shoe Adapter F   
 Tripod female socket thread,
 Flash type hotshoe SLOTS for attaching to tripod Flash shoe (NO contacts)
 5P Socket for cable to other adaptors
 Female hotshoe with 4 contacts (mates with flashgun)

31022
Hot Shoe Adapter F
 Male hotshoe with 4 contacts
 5P Socket for cable to other adaptors
 Female hotshoe with 4 contacts

31045
Hot Shoe Adapter FG
 Male hotshoe with 4 contacts (looks like flashgun)
 5P Socket for cable to other adaptors
 Shaped to use RTF on MZ/ZX 

37347
Extension Cord F5P
 Coiled, 3ft max extension 

37349
Extension Cord F5P (L)
 Straight, 9.5ft




In my succesful test just now I used,


LX with Hot Shoe Adapter FG and F5P Cableto...

Off Camera Shoe Adapter F with cable from LX

On TOP of which I STACKED
Hot Shoe Adapter F with F5P cable to.

Off Camera Shoe Adapter F



The key thing is the STACKED Hot Shoe Adapters (of different types)
The lower one has a tripod socket
The upper one has a hotshoe socket
BOTH have cable sockets, which allows daisychaining

To use multiple flashguns simply repeat the STACKED setup and add a cable


This arrangement would allow me to mount TWO analogue flashes remotely
from the camera on tripods for use with LX, MZ/ZX, PZ etc etc.

One could also use TWO Digital flashes with the MZ/ZX or PZ cameras.
(NOT Earlier cameras)

YOU CANNOT MIX DIGITAL  ANALOGUE FLASHES.


Regards

Rob
Robert Gillespie



I also kept this reply from Pentax to a similar question a few years back.

- Begin Included Message -
Pentax said:

Thank you for your email. Though none of my colleagues have attempted a
multiple TTL flash setup with your ring light and macro photography, we
believe that the following combination of equipment will work.

One or more (up to a recommended of 3 maximum) AF220T or AF280T analog TTL
flashes. I personally like the 280T for its ease of use and higher power,
but that's my personal opinion.

One Hot Shoe Adapter F for each additional T flash that you use.
One F 5P sync cord for each additional T flash.
One Off Camera Shoe Adapter F for each additional T flash.

You would then mount your Hot Shoe Adapter F on your hot shoe (stack the
adapters if you are using more than one), and put your ring light module
on the top.

Run an F 5P cord from (each) Hot Shoe Adapter F to the Off Camera Shoe
Adapter F(s).

Mount your other flashes onto the Off Camera Shoe Adapter F(s). The
adapters will allow you to mount your other off camera flashes on a
tripod.

You will need a combination of the following items:

30307   AF-220T (w/case)
30381   AF-280T (w/case)

31022   Hot Shoe Adapter F (for off-camera flash).  $40.00

37347   Extension Cord F5P (3ft. max.- for off-camera flash)$40.00
37349   Extension Cord F5P (L) (9.5ft. max.)$83.00

31046   Off Camera Shoe Adapter F   $70.00

- End Included Message -






- Begin Included Message -


From: Rob Studdert 
Subject: Off camera TTL flash options? 
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 19:04:46 -0700 


Hi Team,

I would like to put together a remote flash connection system so that I can 
use up to three flashes in parallel on my LX (am maybe the MZ-S) for 
creative TTL flash with macro images. I am fully aware of the components 
which allow this for the LX system however I am tired of chasing the parts 
which it seems are becoming more and more difficult to find let alone 
ridiculously expensive. 

In any case I am not really pleased with height of the Flash grip and would 
prefer a simple low profile device with a tripod socket on its base for adaption 
to a macro flash bracket. I expect that to fulfil my needs I will need to modify 
existing components (and maybe also integrate third party products into the 
system).

I trust the collective wisdom of the group will provide me with the answers to 
the following questions which will help me to determine all the options 
available:

Does anyone know where the conventional off camera flash components for 
the LX system can still be bought? ie flash grip, cables, distributor, sync 
cords, clamp, LX bracket

Can the new digital flashes be connected in parallel like the old analogue 
units (I have absolutely no experience with them)?

The remote flash options available for the digital system look like what I am 
after (I saw a photo of Mark Cassinos set up on his equipment page however 
Bozs site has broken links and last time I looked BH had no pictures). Can 
the new systems be used to facilitate basic TTL off-camera flash for the LX?

Can someone provide links to pictures of the components (especially from 
directly above so that I can see the contact configuration)?

Anyone have any

Off camera TTL flash options?

2001-05-08 Thread Rob Studdert

Hi Team,

I would like to put together a remote flash connection system so that I can 
use up to three flashes in parallel on my LX (am maybe the MZ-S) for 
creative TTL flash with macro images. I am fully aware of the components 
which allow this for the LX system however I am tired of chasing the parts 
which it seems are becoming more and more difficult to find let alone 
ridiculously expensive. 

In any case I am not really pleased with height of the Flash grip and would 
prefer a simple low profile device with a tripod socket on its base for adaption 
to a macro flash bracket. I expect that to fulfil my needs I will need to modify 
existing components (and maybe also integrate third party products into the 
system).

I trust the collective wisdom of the group will provide me with the answers to 
the following questions which will help me to determine all the options 
available:

Does anyone know where the conventional off camera flash components for 
the LX system can still be bought? ie flash grip, cables, distributor, sync 
cords, clamp, LX bracket

Can the new digital flashes be connected in parallel like the old analogue 
units (I have absolutely no experience with them)?

The remote flash options available for the digital system look like what I am 
after (I saw a photo of Mark Cassinos set up on his equipment page however 
Bozs site has broken links and last time I looked BH had no pictures). Can 
the new systems be used to facilitate basic TTL off-camera flash for the LX?

Can someone provide links to pictures of the components (especially from 
directly above so that I can see the contact configuration)?

Anyone have any suggestions?

Thanks in advance.

Cheers,

Rob Studdert
HURSTVILLE AUSTRALIA
Tel +61-2-9554-4110
Fax +61-2-9554-9259
UTC(GMT)  +10 Hours
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.ozemail.com.au/~distudio/publications.html
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TTL flash metering on the ZX/MZ-50 using pre-A lenses

2001-04-27 Thread Peifer, William [OCDUS]

Hi all,

Here's a question I've been thinking about lately.  I finally found a
dedicated flash module for my Sunpak 444D flash, and I'm thinking of some
things to try with my TTL-capable body (an MZ-50).  I'll get an answer for
myself with some upcoming experiments, but thought I'd ask the group anyway.

We're all familiar with the limitations of the ZX/MZ-50 when using pre-A
lenses.  Regular TTL metering works properly as long as the lens aperture
ring is set to wide-open aperture, and pictures are underexposed if the
aperture ring is stopped down by the user.  This is the case when one is
metering and exposing under *ambient* lighting , but it occurred to me that
shooting under TTL flash metering might be a bit different.

So here's the slight twist.  Suppose I want to shot some photos with a pre-A
lens under very dim (or perhaps completely dark) ambient lighting.  Perhaps
an extremely high-magnification macro shot, for instance.  Instead of using
ambient light and exposing for a LONG time, however, I'm going to use an
off-camera TTL flash.  The MZ/ZX-50 will recognize my flash and set its
shutter speed to X-sync.  What happens if I now decide to manually stop down
the aperture ring to give me good depth of field?  I'm assuming that
regardless of where I choose to set the aperture ring, the body will simply
keep the flash illuminated until it sees that enough light has entered the
lens.  Seems like the open-aperture reading -- before the flash fires --
should be totally irrelevant in this case, and it shouldn't matter where I
set the lens aperture ring.  Is my assumption correct?  This seems like it
would be the correct way to design a TTL flash metering circuit.  Anyone
tried this sort of thing?  Any help appreciated.

Thanks in advance,

Bill Peifer
Rochester, NY

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Re: Sunpak TTL flash and dedicated cord

2001-04-25 Thread Jeff Tokayer

I went up to $49.  It sold for $76, bummer.

Jeff

- Original Message -
From: Peifer, William [OCDUS] [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Wednesday, April 25, 2001 3:24 PM
Subject: FS: Sunpak TTL flash and dedicated cord


 http://cgi.ebay.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItemitem=1231359025

 Hi all,

 Was somebody looking for one of these recently?  Not my auction -- just
 thought I'd pass along the information to anyone who's interested.  Closes
 at 18:40:59 PDT, or about six hours from now as I'm writing this.
Currently
 at USD $36, but may very likely close at $70 or thereabouts?

 Bill Peifer
 Rochester, NY
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Re: to PZ1-P experts. About TTL Flash

2001-04-18 Thread Arne Lie \(f\)

On question three, just be aware of, when using the exposure compensation
system (on the back of the camera), this will, as normal is, change the
cameras "knowledge" about the film ISO speed. As a result, both ambient
light and flash illumination are reduced or increased respectively. The only
way to compensate both independently, is to use the HyM mode and read the
over/underexposure bar in the viewfinder (only PZ1p, not the non-p), and use
the dedicated flash compensation menu for the flash. However, this is a very
powerful combination, one that I really enjoy on this body!

Arnie

- Original Message -
From: "O'Neill, William" William.O'[EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, April 17, 2001 7:57 PM
Subject: RE: to PZ1-P experts. About TTL Flash


 Alex,

 Question:
 1. Is the TTL flash metering region the same as the light metering? Let me
explain: if I set the exposure metering to multi-segment, will the TTL flash
use the same metering mode to decide the flash exposure or will it use only
spot, or something else?

 Answer:
 It is not the same.  It uses an OTF sensor that provides a centre-weighted
reading.  This reading is not the same as the centre-weighted reading for
normal exposure either.


 Question:
 2. If I set PF-7 to program the IF button to set the exposure to the
background, which metering mode will it use? Let me explain again: I set the
metering exposure to spot and I pop up the flash but I would like to have
the proper exposure for background. So, as I set PF-7 to do that, I press IF
button. What happens? Does it shift to multi-segment to have the proper
exposure for background or does it use the spot metering I choose for
correction without change the flash configuration or something else

 Answer:
 This is just my hypothesis and you will have to check it out...Since the
flash exposure is calculated real-time using a different sensor, it cannot
be used to determine the ambient background exposure.  Likewise, the
multi-segment (ambient) meter cannot measure background lighting if it is in
spot mode, so for things to be consistent the multi-segment meter will have
to switch into multi-segment mode to determine the background exposure when
you press the IF button.  However, check it out.


 Question:
 3. I am using fill flash. So, I set the exposure for background and I
would like to program de flash to fill a subject that is not in the centre
spot. How can I do that without change the exposure for the background
Is it possible with the camera metering only?

 Answer:
 Since the ambient and flash exposure are handled in the PZ1-p by two
completely separate systems.  In this particular case, if I were using slide
film I would set the ambient exposure compensation to -0.5 and the flash
exposure compensation to about -1 and bracket a bit on the flash
compensation.  For print film I would not bother to bracket as a little over
exposure will do not harm.

 Bill O'Neill


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Re: to PZ1-P experts. About TTL Flash

2001-04-17 Thread John Francis

"Alexandre A. P. Suaide" wrote:
 
 Hello,
 
 I am trying to understand some features PZ1-P provides about
 TTL flash metering and I would like to ask some questions to the
 PZ-1P experts:
 
 1. Is the TTL flash metering region the same as the light metering?
 Let me explain: if I set the exposure metering to multi-segment, will
 the TTL flash use the same metering mode to decide the flash exposure
 or will it use only spot, or something else?

Flash metering is an entirely separate system, using a center-weighted
sensor measuring illumnation on the actual film.

 2. If I set PF-7 to program the IF button to set the exposure to the
 background, which metering mode will it use? Let me explain again:
 I set the metering exposure to spot and I pop up the flash but I would
 like to have the proper exposure for background. So, as I set PF-7 to do
 that, I press IF button. What happens? Does it shift to multi-segment
 to have the proper exposure for background or does it use the spot metering
 I choose for correction without change the flash configuration
 or something else

It will meter exactly as it would if you didn't have the flash up.
If you are set to spot metering, it will use spot metering.  If you
are set to multi-segment, it will use multi-segment metering. 

 3. I am using fill flash. So, I set the exposure for background and I
 would like to program de flash to fill a subject that is not in the
 center spot. How can I do that without change the exposure for the
 background Is it possible with the camera metering only?

Again, the flash metering is center-weighted.   If you know that
the item that will be illuminated by the flash is far enough off-
center that it will be reduced in significance by the flash
metering, you want to adjust the flash balance.   you can do this
by setting the flash exposure compensation (a Pentax Function).


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RE: to PZ1-P experts. About TTL Flash

2001-04-17 Thread O'Neill, William

Alex,

Question:
1. Is the TTL flash metering region the same as the light metering? Let me explain: if 
I set the exposure metering to multi-segment, will the TTL flash use the same metering 
mode to decide the flash exposure or will it use only spot, or something else?

Answer:
It is not the same.  It uses an OTF sensor that provides a centre-weighted reading.  
This reading is not the same as the centre-weighted reading for normal exposure either.


Question:
2. If I set PF-7 to program the IF button to set the exposure to the background, which 
metering mode will it use? Let me explain again: I set the metering exposure to spot 
and I pop up the flash but I would like to have the proper exposure for background. 
So, as I set PF-7 to do that, I press IF button. What happens? Does it shift to 
multi-segment to have the proper exposure for background or does it use the spot 
metering I choose for correction without change the flash configuration or 
something else

Answer:
This is just my hypothesis and you will have to check it out...Since the flash 
exposure is calculated real-time using a different sensor, it cannot be used to 
determine the ambient background exposure.  Likewise, the multi-segment (ambient) 
meter cannot measure background lighting if it is in spot mode, so for things to be 
consistent the multi-segment meter will have to switch into multi-segment mode to 
determine the background exposure when you press the IF button.  However, check it out.


Question:
3. I am using fill flash. So, I set the exposure for background and I would like to 
program de flash to fill a subject that is not in the centre spot. How can I do that 
without change the exposure for the background Is it possible with the camera 
metering only? 

Answer:
Since the ambient and flash exposure are handled in the PZ1-p by two completely 
separate systems.  In this particular case, if I were using slide film I would set the 
ambient exposure compensation to -0.5 and the flash exposure compensation to about -1 
and bracket a bit on the flash compensation.  For print film I would not bother to 
bracket as a little over exposure will do not harm.

Bill O'Neill


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Re: TTL flash

2001-03-25 Thread Mark Cassino

At 07:43 PM 3/22/01 +1200, you wrote:

Within the Z-1p I believe the TTL flash
sensor is centre-weighted. So if 
you're trying to flash a small object close to the lens, where the
background 
is comparatively much further away, the flash ends up overpowering the

subject to try and achieve an acceptable average over both foreground and

background, within the coverage of the sensor.
There has long been a rumor that F and FA lenses transmit subject
distance to the camera body in the Pz and new er series (I'm not sure
about the SF series.) If so, I've never seen any real point to that
except in use of flash.

I do a lot of work with flash and the A* 200 macro, and it does operate
as you describe. Fortunately the PZ-1p has a very easy to use flash
compensation control, and I just dial in compensation based on
geusstimates of the flash and background distances.

BTW - so far Pentax bodies have used off the film metering for TTL flash.
The light from the flash bounces off the film and then into the TTL
sensor. Obviously, the reflectivity of the film stock can make a
difference here. It's a moot point for print film, since the film's
latitude can easily accommodate slight mis-exposure, but it becomes
material for slide film, especially formulations with very narrow
latitude. See here for more info:

http://www.markcassino.com/essays/ttlflash.htm

- MCC




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RE: TTL flash

2001-03-25 Thread Peter Smith

Mark Cassino  wrote:

 There has long been a rumor that F and FA lenses transmit subject
 distance to the camera body in the Pz  and newer series (I'm not
 sure about the SF series.) If so, I've never seen
 any real point to that except in use of flash.

Isnt the subject distance info useful when the multi program bodies eg SFXn
MZ7 are choosing an auto program?

Peter

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RE: TTL flash

2001-03-25 Thread Mark Cassino



At 11:46 PM 3/25/01 +0100, Peter Smith wrote:

Mark Cassino wrote:

 There has long been a rumor that F and FA lenses transmit
subject
 distance to the camera body in the Pz and newer series (I'm
not
 sure about the SF series.) If so, I've never seen
 any real point to that except in use of flash.

Isnt the subject distance info useful when the multi program bodies eg
SFXn
MZ7 are choosing an auto program?
That makes sense - though I thought that the Mz-7 was the first
body to have the feature of selecting the optimum program mode.

- MCC


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RE: TTL flash

2001-03-25 Thread Doug Brewer

The ZX (MZ)-10 chooses optimum program mode using distance info as well.

Doug



At 7:15 PM -05003/25/01, Mark Cassino caused thus to appear:
At 11:46 PM 3/25/01 +0100, Peter Smith wrote:

Mark Cassino  wrote:

 There has long been a rumor that F and FA lenses transmit subject
 distance to the camera body in the Pz  and newer series (I'm not
 sure about the SF series.) If so, I've never seen
 any real point to that except in use of flash.

Isnt the subject distance info useful when the multi program bodies eg SFXn
MZ7 are choosing an auto program?


That makes sense - though I thought that the Mz-7 was the first body to have the 
feature of selecting the optimum program mode.

- MCC

- - - - - - - - - -
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Kalamazoo, MI
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Photos:
http://www.markcassino.com
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Ashwood Lake Photography
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: TTL flash

2001-03-23 Thread David A. Mann

Bojidar Dimitrov writes:

 This is a common problem with center-weighted metering, not just with TTL
 flash with a center-weighted sensor.  Common solutions are (I am sure not
 new to you) matrix metering and manualy setting an exposure compensation
 value.

 My older bodies have centre-weighted meters and I only believe them when I 
know I can.  Uneven lighting can be a pain with them, and flash is very rarely 
even lighting!

 What you just described is "modern" auto-flash operation.  The only
 difference is that by "body" you mean "camera body," and by "body" I mean
 "the photographer's body."

 What I was describing was basically doing all the manual calculations you'd 
normally have to do using a flash with manual power settings.  However I've 
since realised my lack of thought.  What I was proposing would not account 
for flash dispersion/bounce or filters (as you mentioned).  I guess I'm stuck 
with TTL :)  I really should use my flash meter more often.

Cheers,


- Dave

David A. Mann, B.E.
email [EMAIL PROTECTED] * http://www.digistar.com/~dmann/

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Re: TTL flash

2001-03-22 Thread Bojidar Dimitrov

Hi David,

  Within the Z-1p I believe the TTL flash sensor is centre-weighted.

This is the case with all Pentax bodies with TTL flash.

 So if you're trying to flash a small object close to the lens, where
 the background is comparatively much further away, the flash ends up
 overpowering the subject to try and achieve an acceptable average over
 both foreground and background, within the coverage of the sensor.

This is a common problem with center-weighted metering, not just with TTL
flash with a center-weighted sensor.  Common solutions are (I am sure not
new to you) matrix metering and manualy setting an exposure compensation
value.

  I figure that a better way of doing this would be to control the flash by 
 making the lens communicate its focus distance back to the body, and the 
 flash communicate its GN.  The body can then figure out exactly how much 
 flash power to apply for a correct exposure at that distance, as a fraction
 of what the flash can actually provide.  For consistent results the flash
 power would have to be controlled by the flash itself, perhaps using a
 sensor behind the tube used in a similar fashion to the old auto-flash
 sensors (I wouldn't want a totally open-loop system).

What you just described is "modern" auto-flash operation.  The only
difference is that by "body" you mean "camera body," and by "body" I mean
"the photographer's body."

In this setup you completely lose the advantages of TTL flash: correct
metering with filters, tilting and swiveling flash, etc.

  Has anyone actually implemented such a system?  I'd totally love it for my 
 macro work, and any portraiture where the subject doesn't totally dominate 
 the frame.

I guess that what you really trying to describe is a TTL flash with a
matrix meter controlling the flash burst.  Of course, for such a thing one
needs to compose the photo, then fire the flash once without opening the
shutter, determine the matrix of constants to use for each metering
segment, and then change the shot (flash once again and shutter also).

There are two problems that I see with this, and both are bad but not
enough to spoil the idea completely.  First, your subject needs to sit
still between the pre-flash and the actual flash.  Second, you need a very
powerful flash in order to be able to fire it twice within a very short
time.

One simplification can be done, however: use a TTL-flash matrix meter and
couple it to the active AF point.  Then you will at least have the subject
that is in focus exposed the same as 18% gray.  In this case there will be
no need for a pre-flash.

Just my "random" thoughts...  Cheers,
Boz

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Re: TTL flash

2001-03-22 Thread Alin Flaider

David wrote:

DAM  If noone's done it then I'd like my name on the patent please, Pentax :)

   Too late David, everybody but Pentax have already flash systems
that make use of distance focus. Hopefully, MZ-S and its flash
companion might use the D focus encoder that's been available in F/FA
lenses for decades now. Until then, we're stuck with good old
flash compensation...

   Servus, Alin


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Re[2]: TTL flash

2001-03-22 Thread Alin Flaider


   Today's state-of-the-art flash exposure system basically combines
the matrix metering with pondering the flash output according to focus
distance info. The pre-flash - required to compute main flash output -
is very short (likely less than 1/100 of the total power) and very
close to the main burst (possibly less 1/1000 sec). As it doesn't
significantly affect the guide number, even a small integrated flash
can employ this technology.

   Anyway, all of the above may be crucial for photo journalism or
sports photography. To me it doesn't matter much as long as I still
have to compensate to avoid getting 16% grays out of deep blacks
tuxedos or pure white petals. And, as long as I have to think about
colour reflectivity, why not take the time and do the compensation
trick for too eccentric or too small subjects, or too prominent
foregrounds. 
 
   Servus, Alin

Boz wrote:

BD I guess that what you really trying to describe is a TTL flash with a
BD matrix meter controlling the flash burst.  Of course, for such a thing one
BD needs to compose the photo, then fire the flash once without opening the
BD shutter, determine the matrix of constants to use for each metering
BD segment, and then change the shot (flash once again and shutter also).

BD There are two problems that I see with this, and both are bad but not
BD enough to spoil the idea completely.  First, your subject needs to sit
BD still between the pre-flash and the actual flash.  Second, you need a very
BD powerful flash in order to be able to fire it twice within a very short
BD time.

BD One simplification can be done, however: use a TTL-flash matrix meter and
BD couple it to the active AF point.  Then you will at least have the subject
BD that is in focus exposed the same as 18% gray.  In this case there will be
BD no need for a pre-flash.

BD Just my "random" thoughts...  Cheers,


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Re: Re[2]: TTL flash

2001-03-22 Thread Bojidar Dimitrov

Recently Alin Flaider wrote:
 
 To me it doesn't matter much as long as I still
 have to compensate to avoid getting 16% grays out of deep blacks
 tuxedos or pure white petals. And, as long as I have to think about
 colour reflectivity, why not take the time and do the compensation
 trick for too eccentric or too small subjects, or too prominent
 foregrounds. 

I agree with that.  My only pet-peeve is that flash comp on the Pentax
bodies is not as easy or as intuitive as is it can be.

Cheers,
Boz

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TTL flash

2001-03-21 Thread David A. Mann

Hi guys,

 I've been thinking about TTL flash recently.

 Within the Z-1p I believe the TTL flash sensor is centre-weighted.  So if 
you're trying to flash a small object close to the lens, where the background 
is comparatively much further away, the flash ends up overpowering the 
subject to try and achieve an acceptable average over both foreground and 
background, within the coverage of the sensor.

 I figure that a better way of doing this would be to control the flash by 
making the lens communicate its focus distance back to the body, and the 
flash communicate its GN.  The body can then figure out exactly how much 
flash power to apply for a correct exposure at that distance, as a fraction of 
what the flash can actually provide.  For consistent results the flash power 
would have to be controlled by the flash itself, perhaps using a sensor behind 
the tube used in a similar fashion to the old auto-flash sensors (I wouldn't 
want a totally open-loop system).

 Has anyone actually implemented such a system?  I'd totally love it for my 
macro work, and any portraiture where the subject doesn't totally dominate 
the frame.

 If noone's done it then I'd like my name on the patent please, Pentax :)

Cheers,


- Dave

David A. Mann, B.E.
email [EMAIL PROTECTED] * http://www.digistar.com/~dmann/

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 while children are allowed to run free on the streets?" -- Garfield
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Re: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-26 Thread Leon Altoff

On Sat, 24 Feb 2001 18:35:52 -0800, Alan Chan wrote:

I have never used TTL flash in program mode much so I have never paid much 
attention to this feature. Until yesterday, I have discovered the auto 
aperture would be set quite differently by two different flashes - Metz 
40MZ3i and Pentax AF200T. With the 40MZ3i, the chosen aperture was f2 while 
the AF200T chose f8. The lens was 43/1.9. Any idea why?

Alan, 

Analogue Pentax flashes feed back information to the camera on what it
recommends as the correct aperture for program shooting.  I don't know
if the Metz doe this or not, but I suspect it doesn't and the program
line takes over and it goes into slow sync mode.  Or maybe the Metz is
set to shoot wide open (f2 being what the Z1p displays for wide open on
the 43 Limited).


 Leon

http://www.bluering.org.au
http://www.bluering.org.au/leon


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Re: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-26 Thread SudaMafud

In a message dated 2/26/01 12:22:33 AM Eastern Standard Time, 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:

 The AF200T was set to ISO 640 (f/8)?
 TTL flashes set up on the ISO # so ISO 800 = f/11, with some lenses 
 sometimes
 f/9.5.
 
 ISO400. Unfortunately, I do not have the AF200T manual with me so I do not 
 know why. Maybe that's the limitation of this flash?
 
 regards,
 Alan Chan 

Alan, my input you quoted above^ was pure speculation because as you related 
the situation, it seemed to me as if the flashes were not set equally (as 
you've confirmed). 

I've never handled the AF200T, but it surely should go to ISO 800/1000. My 
AF400T does.

Mafud
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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RE: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-26 Thread Mark Cassino

At 09:11 PM 2/25/01 -0800, you wrote:
How do you guys
cheat the PZ1-p to do Slow Flash?
You need to shoot in manual. Set the shutter and aperture to what you
want, and shoot. (See pg 93 of the manual.)

You can simplify this by setting Pentax Function 6 to 1, which leaves the
aperture value fixed and changes the shutter value when you hit the IF
button. Also set Pentax function 7 to 0, so the camera does not
automatically set the shutter to a high enough speed to allow hand
holding.

I do this when shooting birds. The body won't take the shutter speed
below 1/60th when using the A-400 lens, so if it gets cark enough I
switch to hypermanual and use the IF button to shoot with flash at speeds
below 1/60.

Hope this helps.

- MCC
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RE: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-25 Thread Len Paris

Hmmm.  I also have two flashes, an AF500FTZ and a Metz 45CT4
(with module and converter for full TTL).  I'll have to see what
happens.

What shutter speed does your PZ-1p select?  There's a Pentax
Function that tells the camera to either meter for ambient light
or set shutter speed at 1/250th.  I suspect that yours is set up
to meter for ambient and chooses 1/30th at f/2 in low light.

I'll try to set up the same conditions with my stuff.  I also
have a 43mm f/1.9 Ltd.

Len
---

 -Original Message-
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Alan Chan
 Sent: Saturday, February 24, 2001 8:36 PM
 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 Subject: Z-1p TTL flash question


 I have never used TTL flash in program mode much so I
 have never paid much
 attention to this feature. Until yesterday, I have
 discovered the auto
 aperture would be set quite differently by two
 different flashes - Metz
 40MZ3i and Pentax AF200T. With the 40MZ3i, the chosen
 aperture was f2 while
 the AF200T chose f8. The lens was 43/1.9. Any idea why?

 regards,
 Alan Chan

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RE: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-25 Thread Jens Bladt

Hello
It's not quite that simple.
I have done some tests. When a dedicated flash is turned on, the PZ-1p
chooses an exposure, that consideres the ambient light. But it still chooses
an exposure that will undeerexpose the backgound a little: If you turn off
the flash, you'll se that it chooses an EV a little larger.
I have an SB mode on my dedicated Metz AF Spot Beam adaptor (which I BTW
also use with a Metz 45 CT4+converter). When I select the SB mode, the Z1-p
acts as if no flash was connected, allowing more exposure to the background.
I use this for "Slow Flash" (a feature that is missing on the Z1-p!!!???):
It means, that the shutter speed is determied by the ambient light, the
aperture by the flash (also known as "BBB" or "3B" = Blitz Besstimt Blende).
Translated to English it could be something like "FDA" - Flash Determins
Aperture).
How do you guys cheat the PZ1-p to do Slow Flash?
Jens

Len WROTE:
Hmmm.  I also have two flashes, an AF500FTZ and a Metz 45CT4
(with module and converter for full TTL).  I'll have to see what
happens.

What shutter speed does your PZ-1p select?  There's a Pentax
Function that tells the camera to either meter for ambient light
or set shutter speed at 1/250th.  I suspect that yours is set up
to meter for ambient and chooses 1/30th at f/2 in low light.

I'll try to set up the same conditions with my stuff.  I also
have a 43mm f/1.9 Ltd.

Len
---

 -Original Message-
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Alan Chan
 Sent: Saturday, February 24, 2001 8:36 PM
 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 Subject: Z-1p TTL flash question


 I have never used TTL flash in program mode much so I
 have never paid much
 attention to this feature. Until yesterday, I have
 discovered the auto
 aperture would be set quite differently by two
 different flashes - Metz
 40MZ3i and Pentax AF200T. With the 40MZ3i, the chosen
 aperture was f2 while
 the AF200T chose f8. The lens was 43/1.9. Any idea why?

 regards,
 Alan Chan

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RE: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-25 Thread Alan Chan

How do you guys cheat the PZ1-p to do Slow Flash?

I think I can answer that. I checked the manual and it mentioned, with F and 
FA lenses, the Z-1p can determine the focal length and chose the slowest 
shutter speed. For instance, with FA43/1.9, Z-1p chose 1/30x. With A35/2.8 
or 50/1.7, it chose 1/60x instead.

What shutter speed does your PZ-1p select?  There's a Pentax
Function that tells the camera to either meter for ambient light
or set shutter speed at 1/250th.  I suspect that yours is set up
to meter for ambient and chooses 1/30th at f/2 in low light.

I think it's function 7. I tried both option and did not work quite well. f2 
and f3.5 were selected respectively (but still far from f8 with the AF200T). 
I set the camera to HyperProgram mode and 1/30x f2 (40MZ3i with SCA3701?) 
was chosen automatically. I tried it in my room which is quite dim. However, 
with AF200T, 1/30 f8 was chosen. ISO was 400.

regards,
Alan Chan

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Re: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-25 Thread Alan Chan

The AF200T was set to ISO 640 (f/8)?
TTL flashes set up on the ISO # so ISO 800 = f/11, with some lenses 
sometimes
f/9.5.

ISO400. Unfortunately, I do not have the AF200T manual with me so I do not 
know why. Maybe that's the limitation of this flash?

regards,
Alan Chan

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Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-24 Thread Alan Chan

I have never used TTL flash in program mode much so I have never paid much 
attention to this feature. Until yesterday, I have discovered the auto 
aperture would be set quite differently by two different flashes - Metz 
40MZ3i and Pentax AF200T. With the 40MZ3i, the chosen aperture was f2 while 
the AF200T chose f8. The lens was 43/1.9. Any idea why?

regards,
Alan Chan

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Re: Z-1p TTL flash question

2001-02-24 Thread SudaMafud

In a message dated 2/24/01 9:37:35 PM Eastern Standard Time, 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:

 Until yesterday, I have discovered the auto 
 aperture would be set quite differently by two different flashes - Metz 
 40MZ3i and Pentax AF200T. With the 40MZ3i, the chosen aperture was f2 while 
 the AF200T chose f8. The lens was 43/1.9. Any idea why?
  
The AF200T was set to ISO 640 (f/8)? 
TTL flashes set up on the ISO # so ISO 800 = f/11, with some lenses sometimes 
f/9.5.

Mafud
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
[EMAIL PROTECTED]   
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Re: TTL Flash for Macro?

2001-02-08 Thread Leon Altoff

Hi Leon,

Hello,

Yes this is a pain of a setup but it gives plenty of
light and at 7 times magnification to the film I want all the depth of
field I can get!

Wow. 7X?

Well it's actually about 6.8 - Pentax bellows M with 50 mm f 1.4
reverse mounted  at full extension and a 2 time teleconverter between
camera and bellows.

When I want to travel light I have actually made a double headed flash
from a Pentax AF240FT and a Mecablitz 34BCT.  I simply removed the

Is the Mecablitz flash tube wired in parallel with the flash tube in the
AF240, using the electronics in the 240 to control both tubes, or are the
two flash units just powered in parallel with the electronics from each
controlling their respective tubes?

The Mecablitz tube is just in parallel with the AF240 and all the
controlling is done by the AF240.  When I was putting it together I was
slightly worried about the extra drain being too much for the
components in the AF240 but it's been used for over 100 pictures so far
and test fired several hundred times on a Z1p and SF1n.

I can
easily correctly expose at 1:1 at f32 with a Sigma 105 f2.8 EX using
this setup, and the lighting looks good too.

That sounds good to me. Do you have any pix on your site you can point me
to done with this setup? How do you figure exposure once you get over 1:1?

No pics as yet, but I intend to at some point.  The setup is not really
pretty but it does work well - I built it as a prototype but unless it
physically falls apart I probably won't change it.  All exposure
control is done TTL, I haven't got hold of a flash meter to test manual
modes.



 Leon

http://www.bluering.org.au
http://www.bluering.org.au/leon


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Re: TTL Flash for Macro?

2001-02-07 Thread Leon Altoff

On Tue, 6 Feb 2001 22:38:23 -0600, Dan Scott wrote:

I've never used on an off camera flash. Which small TTL flash would be most
suitable for macro work? I'm interested in assisting available light, but
not replacing it (and ringflashes look flat to me). Any suggestions?

Do I actually want TTL? I'm not %100 sure, being new at this.

Hi Dan,

I've used various flash setups and I agree with you that the ring flash
can look flat, but it's also the most easily transported flash setup.  

The main reason for using flash for macro photos is to increase your
depth of field, particularly on subjects that wont be nice and sit
still for you!

Lately I have been using a 2 flash setup and this works quite well. 
Depending on where I am going and what I am doing I either take 2
flashes (AF400FTZ and Sigma EF430) and use both off camera mounted on
separate stands.  Yes this is a pain of a setup but it gives plenty of
light and at 7 times magnification to the film I want all the depth of
field I can get!

When I want to travel light I have actually made a double headed flash
from a Pentax AF240FT and a Mecablitz 34BCT.  I simply removed the
flash tube and housing from the Mecablitz put a long cable on it and
put the flash tube in parallel with the one in the AF240.  I used cable
with enough wires in it so I can add modeling lights later if I want
and I probably will.  The flash I bought cheap from a list member
because the hotshoe had broken off but as I don't need it for this
setup it didn't matter.  I have the AF240 connected to the camera via a
5p cable and a hotshoe adaptor F and the heads aligned vertically
(assuming landscape format pictures) on either side of the lens at
about 30 to 45 degrees of the lens axis.  The whole unit is quite light
and easily transported with the camera, though you do still have to
ensure both flash heads are pointed at the subject.

I plan on shooting flowers, bugs, assorted vermin (but nothing
politico-sized), fish in aquariums, and various small organic things at
magnifications from 1:4 on down to about 5:1, indoors and out.

Cheap is good, BTW. I'll most likely be making my own brackets and using
paper or cloth for reflectors.

If you have some technical skill you can try making the setup I did. 
It was quite cheap, the brackets I used cost me AU$4 from a camera
fair, the Mecablitz I got for nothing because it was broken and the
AF240FT I bought along with a broken SF1n (which is now working thanks
to me having another broken one that I got for nothing) for US$50 (I'm
not sure how to figure out what each cost me).  The expensive part was
the 5p cord and adaptor that I bought new about 2 years ago.  I can
easily correctly expose at 1:1 at f32 with a Sigma 105 f2.8 EX using
this setup, and the lighting looks good too.


 Leon

http://www.bluering.org.au
http://www.bluering.org.au/leon


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Re: TTL Flash for Macro?

2001-02-07 Thread Dan Scott

Hi Flavio,

Thanks for the feedback. So I'm looking for a used Fg hotshoe adapter now.
:-) Any expererience with any of the flashes I mentioned, or alternate
suggestions? The AF240T is looking like my optimal flash at the moment,
since it has the 5P Sync port on it. I was thinking of rubberbanding an
index card or two over the end of the flash if it turned out the light
bursts were too intense. Good idea or not.

Your idea of using the gooseneck part of a gooseneck lamp (that's we call
it, here) sounds excellent. I had planned on making something along the
lines of the brackets Mark Cassino shows on his website, but your idea
sounds more adjustable and lighter. It would probably be pretty easy to
fabricate something using thinwall aluminum conduit, squashing one end flat
and drilling it to make the part that goes under the camera body, and then
shaping it in a tube bender and either slipping the gooseneck over the
conduit or vice versa. I'm not much at soldering, so I'd probably just run
a couple small sheet metal screws in there to hold it together. Some
spraypaint and padded handlebar tape or foam would dress it up and make it
comfortable to hang on to.

Thanks,
Dan Scott
[EMAIL PROTECTED]


I don't have specific suggestion but any TTL flash should do, as long as
it is capable of very short, low power bursts.

Yes, absolutely.
When you'll start adding extension, compensation, background/foreground
lighting and ambient light thing get a little complicated and TTL flash
is too good not to use it (IMO, of course).

You still need an Hot Shoe Adapter Fg (if you go with an AF500FTZ) or
two.

I'm currently thinking about making a bracket soldering to a common
straight bracket  one of those flexible metal arms used for desk lights.
Adding a small ballhead on top should give me the necessary mobility.

Hope it helps, Flavio


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Re: TTL Flash for Macro?

2001-02-07 Thread Dan Scott



Hi Leon,

Yes this is a pain of a setup but it gives plenty of
light and at 7 times magnification to the film I want all the depth of
field I can get!

Wow. 7X?

When I want to travel light I have actually made a double headed flash
from a Pentax AF240FT and a Mecablitz 34BCT.  I simply removed the
flash tube and housing from the Mecablitz put a long cable on it and
put the flash tube in parallel with the one in the AF240.  I used cable
with enough wires in it so I can add modeling lights later if I want
and I probably will.  The flash I bought cheap from a list member
because the hotshoe had broken off but as I don't need it for this
setup it didn't matter.  I have the AF240 connected to the camera via a
5p cable and a hotshoe adaptor F and the heads aligned vertically
(assuming landscape format pictures) on either side of the lens at
about 30 to 45 degrees of the lens axis.  The whole unit is quite light
and easily transported with the camera, though you do still have to
ensure both flash heads are pointed at the subject.

Is the Mecablitz flash tube wired in parallel with the flash tube in the
AF240, using the electronics in the 240 to control both tubes, or are the
two flash units just powered in parallel with the electronics from each
controlling their respective tubes?

I can
easily correctly expose at 1:1 at f32 with a Sigma 105 f2.8 EX using
this setup, and the lighting looks good too.

That sounds good to me. Do you have any pix on your site you can point me
to done with this setup? How do you figure exposure once you get over 1:1?

Thanks,
Dan Scott
[EMAIL PROTECTED]



 Leon

http://www.bluering.org.au
http://www.bluering.org.au/leon


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