Payam Heidary wrote:
how do most of you handle situations where
students are absent on the day of exams and when
assignments are due.
For examinations:
I always allow a student to take exams BEFORE the scheduled time. That way, if they
know something
is coming up for them, they can plan on
In addition to what I stated and the article I included in my last post, I also
wanted to send you links to two other articles relevant to Phillipe's questions:
Lloyd Morgans Canon: A History of Misrepresentation by Roger K. Thomas (2001)
.FAX Number: (480) 423-6298
Psychology Department[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Scottsdale Community College
Scottsdale, AZ 85256-2626
Listowner: Psychologists Educating Students to Think Skeptically (PESTS)
http://www.sc.maricopa.edu/sbscience/pests/index.html
Jeff Ricker forwarded the following
As I was going through the Sci Am web site, I stumbled across the
following discussion about a possible function of the human appendix.
That is, we may be wrong when we say that the appendix is a vestigial
part of our anatomy. Since we sometimes discuss common scientific myths
on this list, I
Given the discussion of the last several days, I thought the following
item of information from the Gallup organization
(http://www.gallup.com/tuesdaybriefing.asp) might be of general
interest:
A majority of Americans favor having Arabs, even those who are U.S.
citizens, being subjected to
Nancy,
This sounds like Kleine-Levin Syndrome. According to information on
the "Kleine-Levin Syndrome Foundation" web site (http://www.KLSFoundation.org/),
the disorder is defined in the following way:
"Kleine-Levin Syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the need
for excessive amounts of
Here are some other articles I have just found on this topic. Some of them
reproduce the ones that Stephen Black cited.
Jeff
---
Belkin, M. and M. Rosner. Intelligence, Education, and Myopia in Males,
Archives of Opthamology (November 1987) 1508-11.
Benbow, C.P. Physiological
August 19, 2001
Schools' Backing of Behavior Drugs Comes Under Fire
By KATE ZERNIKE and MELODY PETERSEN
Children return to classrooms this fall amid an increasingly pitched
battle over Ritalin and other drugs used to treat millions with
behavioral and emotional problems in school.
Some of
Harry,
I believe that this may be one such site:
Say No To Psychiatry: The Dangers and Harm of the Modern Sham Pseudoscience
Known as Psychiatry http://www.sntp.net/
Jeff
Harry Avis wrote:
This semester I am trying something new (for me). In addition to using
Infotrac, I am requiring that
I found a web site on dream research at http://psych.ucsc.edu/dreams/
called, The Quantitative Study of Dreams. After a brief look, it seems
to be a very good site.
I found the following article on this site. It describes research on a
subject that has come up on TIPS before: what people who
Wednesday August 15
More College Students Drop Out Than Graduate
By Leslie Gevirtz
BOSTON (Reuters) - Fewer than half of U.S. college students make it to
graduation, which means that Americans have a better chance of getting
an accurate weather report than they have of getting a university
The secret to academic success: hours--and hours--of study
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Improving a lackluster grade point average takes more
than a few extra hours of study each week. In fact, a study of 79
college students found that a one-letter-grade increase in quarter GPA
was associated with a 40-hour
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/21/arts/dailyarts/21LEWI.html
JUL 21, 2001
Damaged Brains and the Death Penalty
By LAURA MANSNERUS
You don't have to be a psychiatrist, Dr. Dorothy Otnow Lewis says, to
know that something was terribly wrong with Ricky Ray Rector, who before
his execution in
I was wondering if anyone had some examples of common student
misconceptions about the field of abnormal psychology. I would like to
address some of these misconceptions when I teach the course.
Jeff
--
Jeffry P. Ricker, Ph.D. Office Phone: (480) 423-6213
9000 E. Chaparral Rd.
I don't recall seeing anything about this study on TIPS when the
following report came out last year. This news item describes an
interesting investigation of the way that psychologists are often
portrayed in the popular media.
Jeff
---
call Big-League
Life, also have the services of your own personal life towel boy?
Jeff Ricker
Personal Life Towel Boy (in training)
Certified Member of AAPLTB
--
Jeffry P. Ricker, Ph.D. Office Phone: (480) 423-6213
9000 E. Chaparral Rd.FAX Number: (480) 423-6298
Psychology
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I have
seen demonstrations of those word lists that
are organized around a
central theme, but lack the most obvious word. They
are read to a subject
who then tries to recall them, usually giving the theme
word as one of those read
aloud, even though it wasn't. I have
I thought some of you might be interested in the following article.
Jeff
http://neurology.medscape.com/reuters/prof/2001/06/06.12/20010611clin002.html
Accurate Dream Recall Unlikely
CHICAGO (Reuters Health) Jun 11 - Individuals are not very reliable
I'm glad to be contributing to TIPS (haven't done so in a while). Probably
someone else will send in the answer even before I finish typing this, but here
goes anyways (I just won't read my mail until after I hit the send button).
Jean Edwards wrote:
I was asked by a student why kids who are
Here is an article from the most recent NY Times Magazine you may find interesting.
Jeff
-
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/06/magazine/06LATAH.html
May 6, 2001
Regional Disturbances
By LAWRENCE OSBORNE
Americans get anorexia. Nigerians get 'brain fag.'
Some of you might find the following article to be of interest.
Jeff
http://www.dallasnews.com/science/columnists/346200_tomcol_23liv.html
Scientists learn how familiarity breeds delusion
04/23/2001
By TOM SIEGFRIED / The Dallas Morning News
The
OK, since there seems to be so much interest in this topic, here's the
most recent photo of me. I'm a bit embarassed: the photo was taken just
after I had jreturned home from a party in which I had had a little too
much to drink. I'll never forgive my wife for taking it.
People tell me that I somewhat resemble a cross between the Elephant
Man and Mickey Rooney, with just a dash of George Clooney thrown in
(only my left nostril).
I hope this helps you get a better idea of what I look like.
Jeff
--
Jeffry P. Ricker, Ph.D. Office Phone: (480) 423-6213
A good article in the current issue of Free Inquiry:
Exorcising the Homunculus: Theres no one behind the curtain
by David C. Noelle
http://www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/noelle_21_2.html
From the conclusion:
The traditional view of the will as a kind of little man in your head
needs to be
An interesting article on educational standards from the NY Times.
Jeff
---
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/15/weekinreview/15ZERN.html
April 15, 2001
Why Johnny Can't Read, Write, Multiply or Divide
By KATE ZERNIKE
The book I would like to write about is called Of
I wrote:
A silly question occurred to me after I finished reading another paper...
As I re-read my post, I realize that I meant the question more seriously
than this statement suggests. A characteristic of science is that we
express tentativeness regarding our conclusions because we understand
Beth Benoit wrote:
I still think the topic would be good for TIPS
but it sounds as if it's going to go off on a religious tangent again.
Sorry everybody!
It's alright, Beth, it's not your fault. In fact, maybe we can put all
this religious talk to our advantage! Perhaps the Templeton Foundation
A recent Ph.D. in cognitive psychology is interested in looking for
nonacademic positions. She asked me the following question:
You don't happen to know a headhunter who works with PhDs out there, do
you?
Does anyone have an answer? Or is there any other relevant advice you
can give to her?
Somebody wrote:
Whatever happened to summer reading list recommendations?
I guess someone finally saw the light and is no longer
recommending this type of bourgeois (sp) activity.
Nope, your spelling is just fine. In fact, it suggests that, at some
point in your life, reading may not have been
I think that it was someone on TIPS (probably Stephen Black...that's my
recollection, at least) who turned me on to Cecil Adams and "The
Straight Dope." Here is a recent column on a topic that may be of
interest to some of you.
Jeff
-
Given the extent to which religion gets discussed on TIPS in recent
years, I thought that some of you might be interested in reading the
following article from the current New Scientist. I have reproduced the
first few paragraphs below.
Jeff
Jim Clark wrote:
[B]elow are a small sampling of the readily
attainable quotes that critique the methods of science. Having
spent far too much time over the past 20 years reading critiques
of science like this, I can affirm that the challenges are very
deep (although vacuous)
Although
These discussions about religion that have arisen often on TIPS over the
last year or so are always fascinating for any number of reasons. The
latest discussion seems to be focused on the instrumental value of
religion (specifically, the association of religious belief with moral
behavior).
I just got back from the local convenience store where I invested a quarter
of my pay check in lottery tickets: just preparing for my retirement. With
my "9-commandments plaque" (there's one that I still have some questions
about) firmly affixed to the wall next to my computer terminal, I now am
Jim Clark wrote:
Personally, I am skeptical as to the need for religion in order
to promote moral living, but other far more notable figures than
I appear to believe otherwise. Below is a link to a paper by
David Myers on the subject.
http://www.christianityonline.com/ct/2000/005/6.94.html
An
For those of you interested in sociological analyses of life in the
US--especially those focused on issues of individualism and morality
(which are of much interest to me)--then there is a NY Times book review
for you:
"Have a Nice Life: Alan Wolfe finds that in matters of morality,
Americans
Students occasionally ask us about John Gray ("Men are From Mars, Women
are From Venus"). Thus, his name has come up on TIPS before. At those
times, we discussed Columbia Pacific University, the school where John
Gray is said to have obtained his Ph. D. I thought that you might want
an update on
Yesterday, I wrote:
Walloonphobia- Fear of the Walloons. (I don't know what a Walloon is,
but I shrieked when I read the word.)
Both Joe Hatcher and Philippe Gervaix informed me that Walloons are French
Belgians. This makes sense to me since I also diagnosed myself with Dutchphobia
and,
I found a site that lists the terms for hundreds of phobias as well as
their definitions (go to: http://www.phobialist.com/). I thought that it
might be fun to hand out in your courses when you discuss anxiety
disorders.
Being someone who suffers from many anxiety problems, I examined the
list
Here is an interesting commentary on the business model of higher
education by Michele Tolela Myers, the president of Sarah Lawrence
College.
Jeff
--
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/26/opinion/26MYER.html
March 26, 2001
A Student Is Not an Input
We have had discussions before on TIPS about the origins of what seems
to be a myth regarding the need to drink eight glasses of water per day.
For those who may discuss various myths in their courses, you may want
to take a look at page 61 of the New Yorker. A cartoon on this page
shows a man
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Jeff:
Do you know if it's [the cartoon is] available online?
thanks
annette
Yes, you can find it at:
http://www.cartoonbank.com/cartoon_closeup.asp?pf%5Fid=45285dept%5Fid=1001mscssid=0K2LWUDDR6S92M5000GPBQXDM6E6B579
I'm thinking that you may have to register on
I have been thinking about the question posed by Pat Cabe the other day
regarding the theme of a speech he is to give at his school's
commencement:
I've been thinking that it might be nice to talk about
some of the correlates of obtaining a college education.
Some of the possible correlates he
I noticed that my last message was missing an important word, which I
have placed in brackets, in the following sentence:
Wisdom should allow one to make decisions "wisely"--
to make decisions informed by good judgement and a
well-developed [MORAL] sense.
Jeff
--
Jeffry P. Ricker, Ph.D.
What a title!
Some time ago, I believe it was Stephen Black who mentioned an article
by W. W. Schultz, P. van Andel, I. Sabelis, and E. Mooyaart in the
British Medical Journal (Vol. 319, 1999, pp 1596-1600) called, "Magnetic
Resonance Imaging of Male and Female Genitals During Coitus and Female
How about emphasizing the enormously positive effects on the economy of having a
group of young people with a great deal of disposable income stuck at school for
four years with little to do but spend money (assuming that their studies take up
little of their time)? Also, how about mentioning the
Jeff Ricker wrote:
...there is an article by
Oliver Sacks in which he reviews a book written [BY] an autistic person
I meant to say ABOUT instead of BY. The book was written by the person's
mother.
Jeff
--
Jeffry P. Ricker, Ph.D. Office Phone: (480) 423-6213
9000 E. Chaparral Rd
Hello all,
In the current issue of the NY Review of Books, there is an article by
Oliver Sacks in which he reviews a book written by an autistic person. I
have excerpted the first paragraph, but I just noticed that you can get
the entire article at
Here is an article from The Scientist 15[6]:1, Mar. 19, 2001. I send
this because of the discussion that occurred recently here on TIPS
regarding this topic.
Jeff
-
http://www.the-scientist.com/yr2001/mar/russo_p1_010319.html
Jim Guinee wrote:
Jeff Ricker wrote:
I have had several students develop psychotic episodes during the
semester (and sometimes show up for class during them)
How do you know they had developed a psychotic episode? Doesn't that
sound more like the power of suggestion -- what kind
Annette Taylor wrote:
So I'd like to know what all of you tipsters and/or pests use for
teaching critical thinking. Which videos have you seen/shown that
were good, and which were not so good.
Annette,
You can find on the PESTS web site a listing of videos that subscribers
have found useful
Beth Benoit wrote:
I worry a lot, when teaching abnormal psych., that having the students
attempt to apply abnormal psychology concepts to themselves can be
dangerous. They don't have the expertise, of course, and they're very
vulnerable.
My comments are somewhat tangential to the original
Regarding an assignment she gives to students in her abnormal-psychology
course, the ever-informative Beth Benoit wrote:
So I often have them select a character from a book or movie
(preferably
with an obvious diagnosis, such as Glenn Close's "Fatal Attraction"
character, who was a borderline,
Dap Louw wrote:
I'm looking for info on psychologists who have made important
research contributions . For example, as far as I know two trained
psychologists have received the Nobel Prize: Roger Sperry for his
split-brain research, but I don't know who the other person and
what his
Back on Feb. 21st, I sent a post to TIPS relevant to this thread. Among
other things, I said the following:
One thing that has struck me this semester is that many of my students
seem to take little pride in their work in my courses. I began to
wonder
about what it is that causes us to take
Last night, a student mentioned that a previous psychology teacher
("Professor Bob") had told his class that, during the 1940s, people
without any mental disorder sometimes had lobotomies done as a sort of
preventive measure--or perhaps to improve their mental functioning, I
wasn't sure from her
The infamous Dr. Nanjo wrote:
"Is it
true that when someone is asked a question and they look up and to the
left, that they are accessing
the visual cortex of their brain indicating
that they are telling the
truth, and that if they look up and to the right
that they are accessing
the creative
It sounded to me as if this was a form of patterning therapy, but I am
not sure. If this is a form of "patterning," then yes, there are reasons
to be very wary:
"Patterning is a series of exercises designed to improve the 'neurologic
organization' of a child's neurologic impairments. It requires
One thing that has struck me this semester is that many of my students
seem to take little pride in their work in my courses. I began to wonder
about what it is that causes us to take pride in something. It seems to
me that we take pride in something when we consider it to be a valued
Louis,
This answer is much more useful to me. Thank you for sending it. I accept
your apology and understand that you meant no offense. I am sorry if I misunderstood
your original intentions.
Jeff Ricker
-- Original Message --
Dave, thank you for your words. I can understand what you
Philippe Gervaix wrote:
The definitons given have all been given in the singular, as though there
was one recognised and admitted definition of what psychology and what
philosophy is. It would be clearer to me if we admitted that the
definitions given are those of scientific psychology on
The following is from Michael Shermer's e-skeptic list. I send it
because the subject of the "psychic parrot" recently came up on TIPS.
Jeff
E-SKEPTIC MAGAZINE FOR FEBRUARY 14, 2001
Copyright 2001 Skeptic magazine, Skeptics Society, Michael
Oh, no!! I'm having a paradigmatic identity crisis! I am a boomer (born 1957: rock
on, dead Elvis) and the parent of a 12-year-old daughter. You would think that this is
all you'd need to know about me to know where I stand on the issue of "The Nurture
Assumption." Blaming my daughter's
Stephen Black wrote:
While introductions are interesting and welcome, there`s nothing
either in the the TIPS guidelines (see the TIPS website at the
url in my signature file) or in our general practice which
requires this. Many of us (ahem!) have never done so. So the
blunder concern is
I received several replies to my post yesterday, both on- and off-list, that
contained references. I thought that some of you might be interested in
getting the complete list.
Thanks to all who responded; and especially to those who provided the
following references (Paul Smith, Ken Steele, and
I just finished reading a paper by Camac (1995) titled "Public
perceptions of psychology" (an interesting paper: I recommend it). In a
section in which she was discussing difficulties that arise in the
teaching of psychology, she mentioned a finding reported in Ellis
Rickard (1977):
"Even if we
It seems like ages ago that Kitty Jung posted the following message:
A student looking towards research in mind/body/spirit
asked which universities would be best for her to apply
to in terms of who(m) is doing the most work in this area.
I suggested doing a focused web search in the meantime
The infamous Dr. Nanjo wrote:
Does aluminum
in drinking water really have an effect on Alzheimer's? Does
it effect ACH levels?
Or is it a myth that the environment can have much to
do with this disease?
There is an article on Alzheimer's in the December issue of the Scientific
American. I read
I am reading a book by Walter Gratzer (2000) called "The Undergrowth of
Science: Delusion, Self-deception and Human Frailty" (Oxford University
Press). In a chapter on Lysenko and Soviet "science" of the Stalin era,
Gratzer gave an example of one of the effects of the promotion of
pseudoscience
Marcia McKinley-Pace wrote:
I'm preparing for next semester and am trying to figure out how I want
to present brain parts and functions. In the past, I have lectured
(briefly) about this and then asked the class to play neuroscientist and
identify damaged brain parts from Sacks' work. The
Joe Hatcher referred me to an interesting textbook called "Social
Psychology: Exploring Universals Across Cultures" by F. M. Moghaddam
(1998). The text integrates cultural issues well with the traditional
subject matter of social-psychology courses.
I wondered if there might be a similar kind of
A couple years ago, a question was asked about whether or not the head
remains conscious for a time after an execution by beheading. David
Likely provided an example from the history-of-psych textbook by
Hergenhahn. The other day, an article from the New Scientist was posted
on the BP/BNnews
David Likely wrote:
History Question: Was Freud a Professor?
It's long been textbook wisdom that some professions,
including the academic, were "closed to Jews" in Austria
and other European countries in the 19th century. That's
why Freud, a relatively poor man, took a medical degree
and
I know that I haven't been a very good teacher this semester. I've been
having some personal problems, my car got a flat tire just before an
important lecture, I graded one of the tests after drinking a few
glasses of wine, and, well, I guess I just wasn't trying as hard as I
could have.
Is
Stephen Black wrote:
The actor who plays Freud has lines which I'm certain are taken
verbatim from his writings, although there are no references. At
one point the video has this (exclusive transcription I've just
made exclusively for the benefit of TIPS):
Voiceover:
It was not until he
Dr. Joyce Johnson wrote:
2) Arrange the office furniture so that the student's (visitor's) chair is
on the same side of the desk as the teacher's (authority's) chair. Be aware
that the desk is seen as a fortress or barrier. Place the desk in such a
position that it does not separate you
Jean Edwards wrote:
Does anyone have any info regarding culture-bound mental disorders? I've
found TKS, Koro, and Windigo but would like a few more examples. Any help
would be appreciated.
The DSM-IV has a glossary of culture-bound syndromes that begins on page 844.
There also is a good book
The infamous Dr. Nanjo wrote:
1) What exactly is the role of yawning in the course of human physiological
functioning? Is there any truth to that "yawning is contagious" business?
According to Baenninger (1997), yawning probably functions to increase arousal
in situations of low stimulation,
I constantly am disturbed by what I see to be a conflict in the goals
held by many of us teachers, on the one hand, and many of our students,
on the other. As we have discussed in the past, many students are in
college because they have been told that this is the path to a career
that will give
Dr. Nanjo wrote:
Is there any comprehensible explanation available for why it is impossible to tickle
oneself?
Not that I am aware of. There was an article last summer in the American Scientist by
Christine Harris entitled "The mystery of ticklish laughter." One
possibility that she
In order to get to the page that Mike Kane mentioned, you'll need to add an "l" at the
end of "htm,":
http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a2_304.html
There are also a couple of other interesting columns on sneezing at this site:
(1) Why do I sneeze after every orgasm?
Stuart Mckelvie wrote:
You may or may not be
aware of fellow-tipster Dave Myers work in this area (see his
introductory text, book on the psychology of happiness and recent
contribution to the American Psychologist special issue. He shows
that when income level and subjective happiness are
I see that I was wrong: I believed that the number of species having the
ability to learn through observation was fairly small. Probably a
vestige of my desire to believe in some version of a "chain of being,"
with us, of course, being near the top (just below the angels).
Thank you all--Susan
Dan Willingham had difficulty sending the folowing message to TIPS
Jeff Ricker
Jeff
tried to send this to the list and it got bounced back. . .
Marc Hauser's book "Wild Minds" has a chapter full of interesting cases of
observational learning, including the classic of of so
TIPSies,
I'm not sure why I'm sending you this. It just seems like such a silly
story, I couldn't resist.
--
http://chronicle.com/daily/2000/06/261407n.htm
Beaver College to Change Its Name and Seek University Standing
By
Stephen Black wrote:
So I suggest they advertise that fact with the following
trend-setting name for their proud institution:
Inter-Course College
They'll never be subject to ridicule again.
Well, I think that they should keep the animal motif. Perhaps a fish that is
common in the area.
In virtually every book I have ever read that has discussed hypnosis, it
has been stated that James Braid coined the term. In a book that I have
just about finished (Macmillan, 1997), it seems that another claim is
being made. Let me quote from Note #1 on page 666 of Macmillan (1997):
"Like many
I saw an interesting review of a book about Sigmund Freud in The _London
Review of Books_ (go to: http://www.lrb.co.uk/v22/n08/borc2208.htm). The
review, entitled "How a Fabrication Differs from a Lie" was written by
Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen. He reviews a book by Han Israëls, which was
published
I often get questions from students about the use of hypnosis as a
treatment for smoking and as an aid in weight loss. Given that I present
the "Spanosian" social-cognitive view of hypnosis in my courses, I often
tell them that, based on what I have read, there is no controlled
research
Jeffrey Nagelbush forwarded something from (I believe) _The Chronicle of
Higher Education_ about Ted Kaczynski's participation in a study by Henry
Murray at Harvard. I wrote the following this morning while reading the
original article published in _The Atlantic Monthly_
Rod Hetzel wrote:
What DSM-IV diagnosis would you give for test anxiety that has been
impairing academic performance? Specific Phobia? Anxiety Disorder NOS?
V-Code?
I'm going to give this a try (I'm bored with working on other things and I
want a diversion). I'm not a clinician although my
ble consequence." (p. 151)
Thus, test anxiety would be seen as being more reasonable than the fears of the
phobic disorders. I have not looked carefully at this book in a long time. But
if you want to know more about test anxiety, this would be a good place to
look.
Jeff Ricker wrote (an incomple
I was looking through Beck, et al. (19) for more information on Rod Hetzel's
question about the relation of test anxiety to anxiety disorders. It seems
that these authors distinguish test anxiety from the phobias proper.
"Hetzel, Roderick" wrote:
What DSM-IV diagnosis would you give for test
I wrote:
Because I was in a rush, I was not careful to describe precisely what
Harrington was arguing. Sorry. She is arguing that it is science that has
created an unnecessary dichotomy between the body and the mind. That is, she
states that the conventional view has been that placebo
Speaking of placebos, there is a very interesting article in _Cerebrum_ (Vol. 2, No. 1,
Winter 2000) by Anne Harrington entitled "The whiteness of lies: Swallowing the placebo
effect" (pp. 71-86). The theme of the article involves the following:
"What placebo effects challenge us to ask is: How
Sorry, I sent my previous post off by accident. I hadn't finished
writing it, yet. Let me try again.
Speaking of placebos, there is a very interesting article in _Cerebrum_
(Vol. 2, No. 1, Winter 2000) by Anne Harrington entitled "The whiteness
of lies: Swallowing the placebo effect" (pp.
Gary,
Because I was in a rush, I was not careful to describe precisely what
Harrington was arguing. Sorry. She is arguing that it is science that has
created an unnecessary dichotomy between the body and the mind. That is, she
states that the conventional view has been that placebo effects are
The most recent issue of _The Journal of the History of the Behavioral
Sciences (Vol. 36, No. 2, Spring 2000) has an article by Andrew Lakoff
entitled "Adaptive will: The evolution of attention deficit disorder."
The abstract:
"The increasing prevalence of attention-deficit disorder among
Louis_Schmier wrote:
So, Jeff are you saying that there are cultural influences at work that
influence our understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of ADD that operate
on all involve?
No, I'm saying this (i.e., I wrote):
The most recent issue of _The Journal of the History of the Behavioral
Dear TIPSters,
I'm sorry to say that I will not be able to send any messages to TIPS for the
rest of today and probably tomorrow, too. My grandmother has risen from the
dead and we are busy preparing a welcome-back party. Since she has been dead
for quite a long time, I'm sure you can understand
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