Chris,
Thanks for responding to Doug's query and correcting my incorrect
response. It is continually amazing to me how well this software
works (on a Garmin GPS system and Microsoft Streets) both in routing
between two points and Streets in optimizing multipoint routes.
Gordon Uber
At 03:20
Hi Doug,
Look up vehicle routing problem and the following:
http://www.sintef.no/static/am/opti/projects/top/vrp/
Here is a list of research papers available on line:
http://www.sintef.no/static/am/opti/projects/top/vrp/bibliography.html
Your assumption is basically correct. The solution must
Doug,
Another option is MathType by Design Science. It claims to be an
extended version of the Microsoft Equation Editor, so it may have the
same problems that your editor is already encountering. It worked for
me when I last used it about five years ago.
Gordon
At 03:02 AM 6/19/2008,
.
The Karnak water clock is earlier: 1391-1353 BC, description of
similar clock from 1525-1504 BC.
Star positions were used for nighttime hours by the 24th century BC,
evolving into star clocks by 2150 BC (tables of constellations for
each hour and week).
Gordon Uber
San Diego, California
At 11:41
clocks.
The most comprehensive work that I have found on Egyptian timekeeping is
Marshall Clagett's source book: Clagett, Marshall, Ancient Egyptian
Science, Volume II: Calendars, Clocks, and Astronomy, 1995, Memoirs of the
American Philosophical Society, Vol. 214, Philadelphia.
Gordon Uber
at the sun which would be
focused on the date on the analemma strip in the center. I was tempted to
build one, but never did.
Gordon Uber
(who ground--and almost polished--a telescope mirror as a fifteen-year-old)
At 04:45 PM 5/14/2007, Mac Oglesby wrote:
Hello Friends,
The Summer 2007 issue
John,
The highest-resolution specified HDTV format is 1920 wide by 1080 high 16:9
widescreen format). Note that the HDTV specification defines many, many
resolutions and formats. I think that this should be adequate for present
and future work, and it would permit you to reformat later for
as you wished, but you can
refer to it as segment in subsequent discussion.
In your definitions of sector and segment you may wish to substitute
disk for circle.
A mechanical engineering handbook may have some of the future shapes you need.
Gordon Uber
San Diego
At 07:25 PM 10/14/2006, John
on a label, use one of the two
following formats: 11 SEPT 1993 or 11-ix-1993. If you use 11-9-93 for
the date, other collectors will not be sure if you meant November 9th
or September 11th.
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/bsc/pdf/labelbrief.pdf
Gordon Uber
At 01:22 AM 4/6/2006, Douglas
fraction of an hour error could just be incorporated into the equation of
time. I believe (esp. over long time frames) this would be as predictable
as the location of heavenly bodies on any given night. I still vote for
keeping the leap second though.
Thad Weakley
42.2N 83.8W
Gordon Uber [EMAIL
books on Daylight Saving Time listed below are interesting. I
recommend them to the list. Seize the Daylight gives a more global
perspective of the two, and it therefore may be of somewhat greater
interest to those on this list.
Gordon Uber
San Diego, California
Date: Tue, 12 Jul 2005 14:10
hours
for civil time. Either will be incorporated into the time distribution and
display systems. Missing the equivalent of a favorite TV program or an hour
of wages will be more contentious.
Gordon Uber
San Diego, California
-
Almanac can be downloaded to determine if a Leap Second had occurred. I
wonder if eliminating the Leap Second would permit faster startup.
Gordon Uber
San Diego, California
At 15:48 7/11/05, Brian Albinson wrote:
Frank
Could you either explain in a couple of lines, or direct me to a site
which
pp. 74-6:
However, the sun's motion in right ascension [along the celestial equator]
is not uniform because the Sun moves in the ecliptic rather than the
equator, and the Sun's motion in the ecliptic is not uniform [due to
elliptical orbit].
Mean solar time was defined by an abstract
peephole sights, which were less precise.
Plain sights are an interest of mine and I would be happy to discuss them
with anyone interested.
Gordon Uber
San Diego
At 02:06 2/18/05, anselmo wrote:
Dear dialists,
Yes, I know this is old hat, but
does anybody know how could Hipparcus
know
The temperature above which demagnetization occurs is called the Curie
point. This is listed for many materials. For example, it can be as low as
25 deg C for monel (nickel copper alloys) to as high as 1121 C for cobalt.
Nickel-iron alloys are in the range 300-500 C; iron is 770 C.
I think
a
photographic lens, these being designed to image onto flat surfaces.
Gordon Uber
San Diego
At 17:53 12/7/04, Aten Heliochronometers wrote:
Hello group, I am new here, but have been reading the posts for a few days.
I have a question for the group, I am designing a new heliochronometer
fascination for making replicas of Stonehenge. Here are a few. Not
traditional sundials, of course.
A near-full-size replica of Stonehenge, built this last June at the
University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
www.odessahistory.com/menusthg.htm photos
Brief histories of the project:
Thank you very much for your many references and your bringing up
Babylonian astronomy, which I had not considered. It is interesting that
the Greeks seem to be influenced more by the Babylonians than by the Egyptians.
Since my earlier post I have read a bit more myself. Otto Neugebauer in
the temple of
Amun-Ra (or Re) at Karnak circa 1500 BCE; the temporal hours must come from
somewhere, with the Karnak clepsydra being a possible source for the night
hours. Reference: The Cult of Ra by Stephen Quirke, 2001, containing
hymns published by Jan Assmann.
Gordon Uber
San Diego, California
-
/sundial.shtml
This article has many large images of the structure. A Google search will
locate other articles, but I could find no others as well illustrated.
Gordon Uber
San Diego, California
-
displayed on the console. Octal (three-bit number) programs
for one developmental computer were punched into three levels of perforated
paper tape. Paper tape output, too.
Biography and employment history:
http://www.ubr.com
It's fun to hear from those who go back to those early days.
Gordon
to form a second image of the sky in a room below, and a
second reversed wide-angle lens in the room below to project an inverted
image of the sun into the room. More simply, the second image could be
projected onto a grid to show the time.
Gordon Uber
At 22:55 1/8/04, Edley McKnight wrote:
Hi
Babbage in his autobiographical Passages from the
Life of a Philosopher (I think, or possibly the Ninth Bridgwater
Treatise - it's many years since I read it) there is a simple technique
for making a neat hole in a glass sheet using only a centre punch and a
hammer (gently!).
Gordon Uber
-
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
shadow clocks are dated circa 1500 BCE.)
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
://digilander.iol.it/McArdal
Shop: http://web.tiscalinet.it/McArdalhttp://web.tiscalinet.it/McArdal
---
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
the Sun is South for
the next few days.
I'm at 123:09:50.548 W, 39:11:24.692 N.
Maybe the Dipleidscope can be used as a reflecting ceiling dial.
Brooke Clarke
-
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
to schedule monastic life and to announce times for prayer.
Gordon Uber
San Diego, USA
At 02:31 PM 12/1/02 +0100, fer j. de vries wrote:
Hello Anselmo,
I agree with your argument superstition of astrology, but remember that
the zodiacal calendar was very important in the past and not only
an
example, location and date it would be greatly appreciated.
Citations to literature or Web?
Discussion welcome.
Gordon Uber
-
PROTECTED]Artisan Industrials
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
hydraulics. I published a brief list of these newer articles in
the NAWCC Horological Science Chapter Newsletter and can send it to anyone
interested.
Best wishes,
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
was to publish a whole series as a museum catalogue.
Any info appreciated!
Best regards,
Thierry vs
50.5N 4.3E
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
along the Kitt Peak Sundial perimeter timelines.
John
John L. Carmichael Jr.
Sundial Sculptures
925 E. Foothills Dr.
Tucson Arizona 85718
USA
Tel: 520-696-1709
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Website: http://www.sundialsculptures.com
-
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
IS correct, why did the clockmakers make their clocks go round
twice in a day, the shadow didn't.
Mike Shaw
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/jmikeshaw/
N 53º 21' 24
W 03º 01' 47
Wirral, UK.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks
? I've tried both and wasn't able
to reach to any result like this.
Could anyone point me at some website where this series is derived?
Anselmo Perez Serrada
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
current places online to get the precise time? The
site I used to use does not seem to work anymore.
Does anyone have any favorites?
Jim Tallman
Sr. Designer
FX Studios
513.829.1888
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-
azimuth.
To sight to this accuracy without an optical telescope one might try open
sights such as those used by the astronomer Tycho Brahe in the 16th
century. They can be precise to better than a sixtieth of a degree.
Gordon Uber
At 05:23 PM 2/13/02 -0500, you wrote:
Hello,
I am
,
I just thought that someone might know the oil they use to cover the
mercury with so that it could be experimented with in the ceiling
sundial situation in order to have a safer flat, level mirror.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http
the mercury surface itself to be used as the
mirror. ( I'm assuming from it's use as an astronomical mirror that
the refractive effects of the liquid are minimal )
Edley McKnight
[43.126N 123.357W]
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http
of positional significance is Arabic in origin?
Also, real Arabic digits look nothing like the digits in the West (see
attached for 0 to 9, Arabic style). Why and when did the differences arise?
Steve
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http
Various explanations for the use of are given in my FAQ
http://www.ubr.com/clocks/faq/.html
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
a dial which can be used in any
location.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
/fs_index.php
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
. Designer
FX Studios
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
observer wants to see both sides of the sun, how long will
he have to wait between observations until the sun rotates 180 degrees?
What is the rotation rate of the sun?
John Carmichael
Tucson Arizona
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http
should be much more accurate than this.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
to know, in case my plane goes down in the south Pacific some day).
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
Questions:
Is this the correct solution?
If so, how should I interpret the plus or minus element of the solution.
Surely for any given azimuth-latitude-declination there is only one possible
hour-angle, not the two implied by the plus or minus option?
Many thanks, Steve
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED
located G. Toomer's translation of Ptolemy's Almagest,
which has a section on it, as does Neugebauer's History of Ancient
Mathematical Astronomy.
I am following up on some articles in the NAWCC Bulletin.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego
was 365.2569 days, about 0.78 minutes too long.
He may have had sextants, quadrants, equatorial armillae, armillary spheres
and/or planispheric astrolabes.
(Further details of interest but omitted.)
From Early Astronomy from Babylonia to Copernicus by W. M. O'Neil.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL
It is a great story, which I still enjoy, but I understand that it arose
concerning different student at Washington University in St. Louis,
Missouri--not Niels Bohr in Copenhagen.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http
and most Continental and American clocks appear to
have the correct IV?
Was this an error on the part of some early clockmaker
which was continued eventually to become a tradition or is
there some other reason?
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time
Terwilliger wrote:
Question: Is there a source, or value, for the exact inclination of the
earth's axis? I understand it is decreasing slightly. The last value I
used was 23.4385 degrees. I cannot remember where I got it.
Bob
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster
. Amusingly enough, Poisson's spot, as it is now called,
had been observed many years earlier (1723) by Maraldi but this work had
long gone unnoticed.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
graphs of the EOT for successive millennia from about 3000 BC to 4000 AD.
It also has the complete equations for two methods of computing the EOT.
It is a great book of algorithms for solar, lunar and planetary positions,
among other things.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San
.
Surely it must be the same in the USA? - is it?
Tony Moss
P.S. I'm still anxious to encounter 'HDF' i.e *HIGH* Density Fibreboard.
THAT would be MAGIC!
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
-0700, Jim_Cobb wrote:
The radian is a natural measure
of angle, but I would suppose everyone subscribing to this list uses
degrees, minutes, and seconds. For example, I haven't seen any of the
recent discussion about human visual acuity conducted in terms of
radians.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL
was led to believe it is the LEGAL standard there !
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
to a given eye at a given distance.
Ross Caldwell
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
119 48 11W
36 46 14N
Fresno, CA USA
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
, Mainsa wrote:
Friends:
I know there is a translation into English (1946) of the book Astronomiae
Instaurate Mechanica by Tycho Brahe.
Know you the complete reference of this book or other translation into
Spanish, French, Italian or Portuguese?
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego
A history of ancient mathematical
astronomy, Berlin ; New York, Springer-Verlag, 1975.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California USA
Webmaster: Clocks and Time: http://www.ubr.com/clocks
.
If an idea is published then I do not think it to be subsequently
patentable by someone else who only reads of it, and I think that there are
time restrictions as to when the publisher can apply for a patent before it
enters the public domain.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego, California
, depending on where you buy it. Rather than atempting to explain
it following are 2 webpages, the Techniks page is the manufacturer of
the film. The other site has some info on it and also sells the stuff
in the UK.
http://www.cibs.co.uk/etch/
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED] San Diego
Youngstown Aluminum Products (Youngstown, Ohio)
http://www.yapinc.com/contact.htm has 1/4 quarter round listed under
cove, extrusion #234.
Gordon
At 06:02 PM 11/03/1999 , John Carmichael wrote:
Ron Anthony wrote:
Anyone know where I could get quarter round in various sizes, say 1/4 to
Gordon
(© 1992)
and in
Appendix X of Bowditch, 1977 Ed.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
help?
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
morning!
I need some help with finding a (well-known, I'm sure) book by Mueller.
The title is something like Fundamental astronomical algorithms.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
and if they
are covered by the Bureau of standards? By the way, did you know that
different brands of rulers measure differently!? Be careful with those. (I
always use the same architectural ruler to avoid problems.)
John Carmichael
http://www.azstarnet.com/~pappashttp://www.azstarnet.com/~pappas
Gordon Uber
spray pattern
really.
Tony (should have paid more attention in Physics lessons) Moss
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
like fun in the sun,
Are you there, are you there, are you there?
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
://www.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient_rome/E/Romanhttp://www
.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient_rome/E/Roman
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
respond to it as
directed to complete the subscription process.
Gordon
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
required. Fixing the hole and
screen and timing the movement of the shadow would give even more precise
results for these events (but if I had a watch, why would I need a sundial).
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks and Time http
sundial that is not accurate? (I think not)
John Carmichael
Tucson
tel: 520-696-1709
website: http://www.azstarnet.com/~pappashttp://www.azstarnet.com/~pappas
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
is a recording of the
amount of sunshine seen at that location on that day.
At least this is how it appears to me from a picture I have seen.
Anybody have a name and possibly a source to buy one?
Thanks,
Chuck.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Webmaster
Tallman, Fx Studios.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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to others for answers to your other interesting questions.
Gordon
At 06:56 AM 2/28/99 , Phil Pappas wrote:
Hi guys,
If the earth's rotation is slowing, due to lunar tidal drag, then in what
year will it stop completely?
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com
it is running. Any Help?
Regards,
Henry
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Webmaster: Clocks and Time http://www.ubr.com/clocks/
Observatory at
Washington DC
Could someone help ?
Thank you very much for you answer.
Henri GOAS.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
3790 El Camino Real, Suite 142, Palo Alto, CA 94306
Reynen Uber Web Design http://www.ubr.com/reyubr/
Webmaster: Clocks
,
I am looking for the web site address of USNO ( U.S. Naval Observatory ).
Could someone help ?
Thank you for your answer.
Henri GOAS.
Gordon Uber [EMAIL PROTECTED]
3790 El Camino Real, Suite 142, Palo Alto, CA 94306
Reynen Uber Web
The Babylonians developed their sexagesimal degree system in about 300 BC.
(Their sexagesimal number system is much older.) It was used for
astronomical tables at that time. The circle was first divided into sixths,
and these were divided by sixty into degrees, thus, our 130 degrees would
be (2
Greg,
Many math books and handbooks have tables of tangents; many pocket
calculators will calculate them, and computer spreadsheet programs usually
can calculate them also. The cotangent is the reciprocal of (that is, one
divided by) the tangent. Also, the cotangent of an angle equals the
In 1870 Charles F. Dowd of Saratoga, New York proposed the standard U.S.
Time Zones for railroads. In 1872 these were adopted for U.S. and Canadian
railroads. They had 1-hour intervals between zones.
Sandford Fleming of Canada proposed these for worldwide use in 1876. These
zones were
Buddy,
See http://www.ubr.com/clocks/sundial/sunlist.html
Gordon
Webmaster, Clocks and Time
At 07:19 AM 6/10/98 -0700, Buddy L. Collier wrote:
Would someone be kind enough to explain the procedure for
1. unsubscribing to this service
and
Glenn,
Sunrise and sunset times are calculated by the US Naval Observatory
page http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/srss.html for a location that you
specify. I suggest searching the day of the winter solstice and
days before and after to find minimum day length.
Gordon
You wrote:
I would like
The Astroware 1 CD-ROM (copyright 1995) was sold by
Network Cybernetics Corporation
4201 Wingren Road, Suite 202
Irving, TX 75062-2763
email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] WWW: http://www.ncc.com/ncc/
You wrote:
I have learnt that a CD ROM containing astronomy shareware and
freeware
programs has been
John,
Just follow the details of the sundial experiment by Mark, another
sixth grader. Instead of the pencil as described, stand a student up
each hour (or two) as a gnomon and record the shadow position.
His report of his experiment is in my CLOCKS and TIME pages under
Education and then
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